II. Significant Accounting Policies
1 Basis of Preparation of Financial Statements
a) These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS), notified under section 133 of the Companies Act,
2013 read with Rule 3 of the Companies ( Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015,under the historical cost convention on accrual basis.
b) All the assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company’s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the
Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. Based on the nature of products and the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realization
in cash and cash equivalent, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle to be twelve months for the purpose of current - non-current classification of
assets and liabilities.
c) Accounting policies not specifically referred to otherwise are consistent with the generally accepted accounting principles followed by the Company.
2 Property, Plant and Equipment and Depreciation
A A) Property Plant and Equipment:
a) All Tangible Fixed assets are stated at cost of acquisition or construction, less accumulated depreciation. All costs, including borrowing cost till
respective assets is put to use, are capitalized.
b) Intangible assets are stated at acquisition cost, net of accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any.
B B) Depreciation:
Depreciation has been provided as under:
i) For assets existing on 1st April 2014 the carrying amount will be amortized over the remaining useful lives on written down value method as pre¬
scribed in the schedule II of Companies Act, 2013.
ii) For the assets added after the 1st April 2014 :- On written down value method at the useful
Lives prescribed in Schedule II to The Companies Act, 2013.
iii) Depreciation on assets added/ disposed off during the year has been provided on pro-rata basis with reference to the days of addition/ disposal.
iv) The residual values are not more than 5% of the original cost of the asset
3 Foreign Exchange Transaction
i) Functional currency and presentation currency :
The functional currency of the Company is the Indian rupee. These financial statements are presented in Indian rupees, which is the Company’s functional
and presentation currency.
ii) Transactions and balances :
Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing at the time of the transaction. Foreign
exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions is recognized in statement of profit or loss.
At the reporting date, non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost denominated in foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate at
the date of transaction.
4 Investments
a) Investments that are readily realizable and are intended to be held for not more than one year from the date, on which such investments are made, are clas¬
sified as current investments. All the other investments are classified as long-term investments. Current investments and Long Term Investments are carried
at fair value at the Balance sheet date.
5 Inventories
During the year company does not have any inventory.
6 Recognition of Income & Expenditure
(i) Revenue/ Incomes and Costs/ Expenditure are generally accounted on accrual, as they are earned or incurred.
(ii) a) Sale of Goods is recognized on transfer of significant risks and rewards of ownership which is generally on the dispatch of goods.
b) Sales of goods are accounted excluding taxes,wherever applicable.
(iii) Interest Income/ expenditure is recognized on the time proportion basis taking into account of the amount outstanding and the rate applicable.
(iv) Dividend income is recognized when the right to received dividend is established.
7 Employees Retirement and other benefits
a) Provident fund:-
The contribution of the Company on a monthly basis towards Provident Fund which is defined contribution plan is charged to revenue. The company has paid
to regulatory authority & has no further obligations other than these contributions.
b) Leave Encashment:-
The company recognises and pays Leave Encashment on a quarterly basis to all employees.
c) Gratuity:-
The company recognises Gratuity on yearly basis and pays Gratuity to the employees on Retirment, resignation,termination of employees.
8 Provisions & Contingent Liabilities
Provisions
Provisions are recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of a past event and it is probable that an outflow of benefits will be required to settle the
obligation and there is a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation.
Contingent liabilities
Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from the past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only on the occurrence
or non occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the company or a present obligation that arises from past events where
it is either not portable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.
9 Income Tax, Deferred Tax and Dividend Distribution Tax
a) Current and Deferred Tax
Tax expense for the period, comprising Current tax and Deferred Tax are included in the determination of net profit or loss for the period.
Current tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the taxation laws prevailing in India.
Deferred Tax is recognized for all the timing differences, subject to the consideration of prudence in respect of deferred tax assets. Deferred tax assets are
recognized and carried forward only to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such
deferred tax assets can be realized.
Deferred Tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted and substantively enacted at the Balance Sheet
date. At each Balance Sheet date, the company re-assesses unrecognized deferred tax assets, if any.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets and liabilities and when the deferred tax
balances related tothe same taxation authority. Current tax assets and tax liabilities are offset where the entity has a legally enforceable right to offset and
intends either to settle on a net basis or to realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
Current and deferred tax is recognized in the statement of profit and loss, except to the extent that it relates to items recognized in other comprehensive
income or directly in equity.
b) Dividend Distribution Tax :
Dividend distribution tax paid and the dividends is recognized consistently with the presentation of the transaction that creates the income tax consequence.
Dividend distribution tax is charged to Statement of Profit and Loss.
10 Impairment of Assets
Assessment is done at eachBalance Sheet date as to whether there is any indication that a tangible asset may be impaired. For the purpose of assessing impair¬
ment, the smallest identifiable group of asset that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflow from other assets or
groups of assets, is considered as a cash generating unit. If any such indication exists, an estimate of the recoverable amount of the asset/cash generating unit
is made.
Assets whose carrying value exceeds their recoverable amount are written down to the recoverable amount. Recoverable amount is higher of an asset’s or cash
generating unit’s net selling price and its value in use. Value in use is the present value of estimated future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use
of an assets and from its disposal at the end of its useful life. Assessment is also done at each Balance Sheet date as to whether there is any indication that an
impairment loss recognized for an asset in prior accounting periods may no longer exist or may have decreased.
11 Cash and Cash Equivalents:
In the Cash flow statement, cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, demand deposits with bank, other short term highly liquid investments with original
maturity of three months or less.
12 Earnings per share:
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by weighted average number of equity
shares outstanding during the period. The Weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period and for all periods presented is adjusted for
the events, such as bonus shares, other than conversion of potential equity share that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corre¬
sponding change in resources.
For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity share holders and the weighted average number
of shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
13 Financial Instruments
A financial instrument is a contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.
1) FINANCIAL ASSETS
i) Classification
The Company classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories:
a) at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI)
The classification depends on the entity’s business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows.
Gains and losses will be recorded in the statement of Profit and Loss through other comprehensive income for assets measured at fair value.
For investments in debt instruments, this will depend on the business model in which the investment is held.
For investments in equity instruments, this will depend on whether the Company has made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to
account for the equity investment at fair value or through other comprehensive income.
The Company reclassifies debt investments when and only when its business model for managing those assets changes.
ii) Measurement
At initial recognition, in case of a financial asset not at fair value through the statement of profit and loss account, the Company measures a financial asset
at its fair value plus transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Transaction costs of financial assets carried at fair
value through the statement of profit and loss are expensed in profit or loss.
a) Equity instruments
The Company measures all equity investments at fair value. The Company‘s management has opted to present fair value gains and losses on equity
investments through profit and loss account. Dividends from such investments are recognised in the statement of profit and loss as other income when
the Company‘s right to receive payments is established.
Changes in the fair value of financial assets at fair value through profit and loss are recognised in other income or other expenses, as applicable in the
statement of profit and loss.
iii) Derecognition of financial assets
A financial asset is derecognised only when -
The Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset or
Retains the contractual rights to receive the cash lows of the financial asset, but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more
recipients.
Where the company has transferred an asset, it evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset. In
such cases, the financial asset is derecognised. Where the entity has not transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset,
the financial asset is not derecognized.
Where the company has neither transferred a financial asset nor retains substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial
asset is derecognised if the Company has not retained control of the financial asset. Where the Company retains control of the financial asset, the asset is
continued to be recognised to the extent of continuing involvement in the financial asset.
iv) Income Recognition
Interest income
Interest income from debt instruments is recognised in the profit and loss statement on accrual basis. Interest income on receipt of delayed payments from
creditors is recognized on cash basis.
Dividend income
Dividends are recognised in the statement of profit and loss only when the right to receive payment is established, it is probable that the economic benefits
associated with the dividend will flow to the Company, and the amount of the dividend can be measured reliably.
v) Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions, other short- term, highly liquid investments with original
maturities of three months or less, that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
2) FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
i) Measurement
Financial liabilities are initially recognised at fair value, reduced by transaction costs (in case of financial liabilities not recorded at fair value through profit and
loss), that are directly attributable to the issue of financial liability.
ii) Derecognition
A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced
by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modifica¬
tion is treated as the de-recognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised
in the statement of profit and loss.
iii) Trade and other payables
These amounts represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Company prior to the end of financial year which are unpaid. The amounts are
unsecured and are usually paid as per payment terms.
Offsetting financial instruments
Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet where there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognised
amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. The legally enforceable right must not be
contingent on future events and must be enforceable in the normal course of business and in the event of default, insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company
or the counterparty.
III. A Critical estimates and judgments
In the application of the company‘s accounting policies, which are described in note 1, the management is required to make judgment, estimates, and assumptions
about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other process. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on
historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the esti¬
mate is revised if the revision affects only that period or in the period of the revision and future period if the revision affects both current and future period.
The following are the critical estimates and judgments that have the significant effect on the amounts recognised in the financial statements.
Critical estimates and judgments
i) Estimation of current tax expense and deferred tax
The calculation of the company‘s tax charge necessarily involves a degree of estimation and judgment in respect of certain items whose tax treatment cannot
be finally determined until resolution has been reached with the relevant tax authority or, as appropriate, through a formal legal process. Significant judgments
are involved in determining the provision for income taxes, including amount expected to be paid/recovered for uncertain tax positions. Where the final tax
outcome of these matters is different from the amounts that were initially recorded, such differences will impact the current and deferred income tax in the
period in which such determination is made.
Recognition of deferred tax assets / liabilities
The recognition of deferred tax assets is based upon whether it is probable that sufficient and suitable taxable profits will be available in the future against
which the reversal of temporary differences can be deducted. To determine the future taxable profits, reference is made to the approved budgets of the com¬
pany. Where the temporary differences are related to losses, local tax law is considered to determine the availability of the losses to offset against the future
taxable profits as well as whether there is convincing evidence that sufficient taxable profit will be available against which the unused tax losses or unused
tax credits can be utilised by the company. Significant items on which the Company has exercised accounting judgment include recognition of deferred tax
assets in respect of losses. The amounts recognised in the financial statements in respect of each matter are derived from the Company‘s best estimation
and judgment as described above.
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