Note 1: Material Accounting Policy Information : This note provides a list of the material accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these financial statements. These policies have been consistently adopted to all years presented, unless otherwise stated.
(a) Basis of preparation
(i) Compliance with Ind AS : The financial statements comply in all material aspects with the Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS), notifed under section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 ('the Act') [Companies (Indian Accounting Standards Rules, 2015)] and other relevant provisons of the Act.
(ii) Historical cost convention : These financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, except for defined benefit plans, where the plan assets are measured at fair value and Investments in equity instruments which also measured on a fair value basis.
(iii) Amended standards adopted by the Company : The Company has adopted the following standards and amendments for the annual reporting period commencing 1 April 2023
- Ind AS 116, Leases (as amended)
- Amendment to Ind AS 20, Accounting for Government grants and disclosure of Government assistance
- Uncertainty over Income-tax treatments
- Appendix C to Ind AS 12, Income taxes
- Plan amendment, curtailment or settlement
- Amendments to Ind AS 19, Employee benefits
- Amendment to Ind AS 103, Business Combinations and Ind AS 111, Joint Arrangements
- Amendment to Ind AS 12, Income-taxes
- Amendment to Ind AS 23, Borrowing costs
The Company had to change its accounting policies after the adoption of Ind AS 116 in the financial year 2019-20. The other amendments listed above did not have any impact on the amounts recognised in the prior period and are not expected to significantly affect the current or future periods.
(b) Segment reporting : Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the Chief Operating Decision Maker. Refer Note 26 for segment information presented.
(c) Foreign currency translation
(i) Functional and presentation currency : The functional and presentation currency of the Company is Indian Rupee.
(ii) Transactions and balance : Foreign currency transactions are translated to functional currency using the exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated at foreign currencies at year end exchange rates are generally recognised in profit or loss.Foreign exchange differences regarded as an adjustment to borrowing costs are presented in the statement of profit and loss, within finance costs. All other foreign gains and losses are presented in the statement of profit and loss on a net basis with other gains/ (losses). Non-monetary items that are measured at fair value in foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value was determined. Translation differences on assets and liabilities carried at fair value are reported as part of fair value gain or loss. For example, translation differences on non-monetary assets and liabilities such as equity instruments held at fair value through profit or loss are recognised in profit or loss as part of the fair value gain or loss and translation differences on non-monetary asset such as equity instruments classified as at FVOCI are recognised in other comrehensive income.
(d) Revenue recognition
(i) Sale of Goods : Effective April 1, 2018, the Company has applied Ind AS 115 which establishes a comprehensive framework for determining whether, how much and when revenue is to be recognised. Ind AS 115 replaces Ind AS 18 Revenue and Ind AS 11 Construction Contracts.The Company has adopted Ind AS 115 using the Full Retrospective Method. The impact of adoption of the standard on the financial statements of the Company is insignificant.- Revenue is recognised upon transfer of control of promised products or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those products or services. - Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised at the point in time when control is transferred to the customer which coincides with the performance obligation under the contract with the customer. - Revenue from services is recognized in accordance with the terms of contract when the services are rendered and the related costs are incurred.Revenue is measured based on the transaction price, which is the consideration, adjusted for volume discounts, service level credits, performance bonuses, price concessions and incentives, if any, as specified in the contract with the customer. Revenue also excludes taxes collected from customers.
Revenues are recognised when collectability of resulting receivables is reasonably assured.
(e) Government grants : Grants from the government are recognised at their fair value where there is a reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and the group will comply with all attached conditions.
Government grants relating to income are deferred and recognised in the profit or loss over the period necessary to match them with the costs that they are intended to compensate and presented within other income.
Government grants relating to the purchase of property, plant and equipment are included in non-current liabilities as deferred income and are credited to the profit and loss on a straight line basis over the expected lives of the related assets and presented within other income.
(f) Income tax : Income tax expense or credit for the period is the tax payable on the current period's taxable income based on the applicable income tax rate and adjusted by the changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities attributable to temporary differences and to unused tax losses.Current tax expense for the year is ascertained on the basis of assessable profits computed in accordance with the provisions of the Income-tax Act, 1961.Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the Financial Statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are generally recognised for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilised.Such deferred tax assets and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit.The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realised, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.
(g) Leases : The determination of whether an arrangement is (or contains) a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at the inception of the lease. The arrangement is, or contains, a lease if fulfilment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets and the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset or assets, even if that right is not explicitly specified in an arrangement. For arrangements entered into prior to 1 April 2016, the Company has determined whether the arrangements contain lease on the basis of facts and circumstances existing on the date of transition.A lease is classified at the inception date as a finance lease or an operating lease. A lease that transfers substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership to the Company is classified as a finance lease. Finance leases are capitalised at the lease's inception at the fair value of the leased property or, if lower, the present value of the minimum lease payments. The corresponding rental obligations, net of finance charges, are included in borrowings or other financial liabilities as appropriate. Each lease payment is allocated between the liability and finance cost. The finance cost is charged to the profit or loss over the lease period so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability for each period.Operating Lease:Rental expense from operating leases is generally recognised on a straight-line basis over the term of relevant lease. Where the rentals are structured solely to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the lessor's expected inflationary cost increases, such increases are recognised in which such benefits accrue. Contingent rentals arising under operating leases are recognised as an expense in the periods in which they are incurred.In the event that lease incentives are received to enter into operating leases, such incentives are recognised as a liability. The aggregate benefit of incentives is recognised as a reduction of rental expense on a straight-line basis, except where another systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from the leased asset are consumed.
(i) Impairment of assets : Goodwill and intangible assets that have indefinite useful life are not subject to amortisation and are tested annually for impairment, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that they may be impaired. Other assets are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset's carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset's fair value less cost of disposal and value in use. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash inflows which are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or group of assets (cash-generating units). Non-financial assets other than goodwill that suffered an impairment are reviewed for possible reversal of impairment at the end of each reporting period.
(j) Cash and cash equivalents : For the purpose of presentation in the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions, other short-term, highly-liquid investments
with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within current liabilities in the balance sheet.
(k) Trade receivables : Trade receivables are amounts due from customers for goods sold or services performed in the ordinary course of business. Trade receivables are recognised initially at the amount of consideration that is unconditional unless they contain significant financing components in which case they are recognised at fair value. The Company holds the trade receivables with the objective to collect the contractual cash flows and therefore measures them subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method, less loss allowance.
(l) Inventories : Inventories represent films under production and other film rights. Films under production represent the cumulative cost incurred till the year end. Films rights represent value of unexploited technology rights of old Hollywood films. Films acquired during the year are fully charged to revenue.
(m) Investments and other financial assets : Classification of financial assetsOn initial recognition, a financial asset is classified to be measured at amortised cost, fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI) or Fair value through Profit & Loss ('FVTPL'). The classification depends upon the entity's business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows.For assets measured at fair value, gains and losses will either be recorded in profit and loss or other comprehensive income. For investments in equity instruments that are not held for trading, this will depend on whether the group has made an irrecovable election at the time of initial recognition to account for the equity investment at FVOCl.The group reclassifies debt investments when and only when the business model for managing those assets changes.(i) RecognitionRegular way purchases and sales of financial assets are recognised on trade-date, the date on which the Company commits to purchase or sale the financial asset.(ii) MeasurementAt initial recognition, the Company measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in case of a financial asset not at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acqusition of the financial asset. Transations cost of financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are expensed in profit or loss.Financial assets with embedded derivatives are considered in their entirety when determining whether their cash flows are solely payment of principal and interest.
Debt instruments:Subsequent measurement of debt instruments depends on the Company's business model for managing the asset and the cash flow characteristics of the asset. There are three measurement categories into which the Company classifies its debt instruments:
Amortised cost: Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows where those cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest are measured at amortised cost. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at amortised cost and is not part of a hedging relationship is recognised in profit or loss when the asset is derecognised or impaired. Interest income from these financial assets is included in finance income using the effective interest rate method.
Fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI): Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows and for selling the financial assets, where the assets' cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest, are measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI). Movements in the carrying amount are taken through OCl, except for the recognition of impairment gains or losses, interest revenue and foreign exchange gains and losses which are recognised in profit and loss. When the financial asset is derecognised, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCl is reclassified from equity to profit or loss and recognised in other gains/ (losses). Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income using the effective interest rate method. Foreign exchange gains and losses are presented in other gains and losses and impairment expenses in other expenses.
Fair value through profit or loss: Assets that do not meet the criteria for amortised cost or FVOCI are measured at fair value through profit or loss. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss and is not part of a hedging relationship is recognised in profit or loss and presented net in the statement of profit and loss within other gains/(losses) in the period in which it arises. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income.
Equity instruments: The Company subsequently measures all equity investments at fair value. Where the Company's management has elected to present fair value gains and losses on equity investments in other comprehensive income, there is no subsequent reclassification of fair value gains and losses to profit or loss following the derecognition of the investment. Dividends from such investments are recognised in profit or loss as other income when the Company's right to receive payments is established. Changes in the fair value of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are recognised in other gain/ (losses) in the statement of profit and loss. Impairment losses (and reversal of impairment losses) on equity investments measured at FVOCI are not reported separately from other changes in fair va lue.
(iii) Impairment of financial assetsThe Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its assets carried at amortised cost and FVOCI debt instruments. The impairment methodology applied
depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk. Note 25 details how the Company determines whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk.For trade receivables only, the Company applies the simplified approach required by Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognised from initial recognition of the receivables.
(iv) Derecognition of financial assetA financial asset is derecognised only when:i) The Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset orii) retains the contractual rights to receive the cash flows of the financial asset, but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.Where the Company has transferred an asset, the Company evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset. In such cases, the financial asset is derecognised. Where the entity has not transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is not derecognised.Where the Company has neither transferred a financial asset nor retains substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is derecognised if the Company has not retained control of the financial asset. Where the Company retains control of the financial asset, the asset is continued to be recognised to the extent of continuing involvement in the financial asset.
(v) Income recognitionlnterest incomelnterest income from debt instruments is recognised using the effective interest rate method. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset to the gross carrying amount of a financial asset. When calculating the effective interest rate, the Company estimates the expected cash flows by considering all the contractual terms of the financial instrument (for example, prepayment, extension, call and similar options) but does not consider the expected credit losses.DividendsDividends are recognised in profit or loss only when the right to receive payment is established, it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the dividend will flow to the group, and the amount of the dividend can be measured reliably.
(n) Offsetting financial instruments : Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet where there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. The legally enforceable right must not becontingent on future events and must be enforceable in the normal course of business and in the event of default, insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company or the counterparty.
(o) Property, plant and equipment : Freehold land is carried at historical cost. All other items of property, plant and equipment are stated at historical cost less depreciation. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items. Cost may also include transfers from equity of any gains or losses on qualifying cash flow hedges of foreign currency purchases of property, plant and equipment.Subsequent costs are included in the asset's carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognised when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.
Transition to Ind AS : On transition to Ind AS, the Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of its property, plant and equipment recognised as at 1 April 2017 measured as per the previous GAAP and use that carrying value as the deemed cost of the property, plant and equipment.
Depreciation methods, estimated useful lives and residual value : Property, plant and equipment are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the useful life of the assets as prescribed under the Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013.
An asset's carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the asset's carrying amount is greater than its estimated recoverable amount. Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in profit or loss within other gains/(losses).
(p) Intangible assets : Intangible assets are recognised at acquisition cost net of accumulated amortisation and impairment losses.
Transition to Ind AS : On transition to Ind AS, the Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of intangible assets recognised as at 1 April 2017 measured as per the previous GAAP and use that carrying value as the deemed cost of intangible assets.
(q) Trade and other payables : These amounts represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Company prior to the end of financial year which are unpaid. The amounts are unsecured. Trade and other payables are presented as current liabilities unless payment is not due within 12 months after the reporting period. They are recognised initially at their fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
(r) Borrowings : Borrowings are initially recognised at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption amount is recognised in profit or loss over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method. Fees paid on the establishment of loan facilities are recognised as transaction costs of the loan to the extent that it is probable that some or all of the facility will be drawn down. In this case, the fee is deferred until the draw down occurs. To the extent there is no evidence that it is probable] that some or all of the facility will be drawn down, the fee is capitalised as a prepayment for liquidity services and amortised over the period of the facility to which it relates.The fair value of the liability portion of an mandatorily convertible bonds is determined using a market interest rate for an equivalent non-convertible bonds. This amount is recorded as a liability on an amortised cost basis until extinguished on conversion or redemption of the bonds. The remainder of the proceeds is attributable to the equity portion of the compound instrument. This is recognised and included in shareholders' equity, net of income tax effects, and not subsequently remeasured.Borrowings are removed from the balance sheet when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged, cancelled or expired. The difference between the carrying amount of a financial liability that has been extinguished or transferred to another party and the consideration paid, including any non-cash assets transferred or liabilities assumed, is recognised in profit or loss as other gains/(losses).
Borrowings are classified as current liabilities unless the group has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the reporting period. Where there is a breach of a material provision of a long-term loan arrangement on or before the end of the reporting period with the effect that the liability becomes payable on demand on the reporting date, the entity does not classify the liability as current, if the lender agreed, after the reporting period and before the approval of the financial statements for issue, not to demand payment as a consequence of the breach.
(s) Borrowing costs : General and specific borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalised during the period of time that is required to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use or sale. Qualifying assets are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale.lnvestment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation.Other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.
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