Background
Oscar Global Limited is a public listed company. The main objects of the Company is to carry on business of Export of Leather Garments of all kinds.
I SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
This note provides a list of the significant accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these financial statements. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.
i)'Basis of preparationa. Compliance with Ind AS
The financial statements are prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards ("Ind AS") notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (the Act) [Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015] and other relevant provisions of the Act. The financial statements up to year ended March 31, 2016 were prepared in accordance with the accounting standards notified under Companies (Accounting Standard) Rules, 2006 (as amended) ("Previous GAAP") and other relevant provisions of the Act.
b. Basis of Measurement
The financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for the following:
- certain financial assets and liabilities that is measured at fair value (refer accounting policies regarding financial instruments)
c. Use of Estimates & Judgements
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Ind AS requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on a periodic basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimates are revised and in any future periods affected. In particular, information about significant areas of estimation, uncertainty and critical judgments in applying accounting policies that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the financial statements is included in the following notes:
i)Income taxes: The Company's tax jurisdiction is India. Significant management judgement is required to determine the amount of deferred tax assets that can be recognised, based upon the likely timing and the level of future taxable profits together with future tax planning strategies.
‘ii)Other estimates: The preparation of financial statements involves estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets, liabilities, disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses for the reporting period. Specifically, the Company estimates the probability of collection of accounts receivable by analyzing historical payment patterns etc.
d. Current versus non-current classification
The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current/ noncurrent classification.
An asset is treated as current when it is:
-Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle Held primarily for the purpose of trading
Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period, or Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period All other assets are classified as non-current.
A liability is current when:
It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle It is held primarily for the purpose of trading
It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period
The Company classifies all other liabilities as non-current.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities.
The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents. Based on the nature of products/ activities of the Company and the normal time between the aquisition of the assets and their realisation in cash or cash equivalent, the Company has determined its operating cycle as 48 months for real estate projects and 12 montths for others for the purpose of classification of its assets and liabilities as current and non current.
II SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIESi)Property, plant and equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment is carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost comprises its purchase price, directly attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use and borrowing Costs attributable to construction of qualifying asset, upto the date assset is ready for its intended use; any trade discounts and rebates are deducted in arriving at the purchase price.
Transition to Ind AS:
On transition to Ind AS, the Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of its property, plant and equipment recognised as at April 1, 2016 measured as per the previous GAAP and use that carrying value as the deemed cost of the property, plant and equipment.
Subsequent costs
Subsequent costs are included in the asset's carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.
Derecoginition
An item of Property, Plant & Equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from the use. Any gains and losses on disposal of an item of Property, Plant and Equipment are determined by comparing the proceeds from disposal with the carrying amount of Property, Plant and Equipment and are recognised net within “Other income/ Other expenses” in the Statement of Profit and Loss
Depreciation
Depreciation is charged on the assets as per Written Down Value method at rates worked out based on the useful lives and in the manner prescribed in the Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013.The depreciation method, useful lives and residual value are reviewed at each of the reporting date. Depreciation on additions (disposals) is provided on a pro-rata basis i.e. from (upto) the date on which the asset is ready for use (disposed off). The residual values and useful life are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period. An asset's carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the asset's carrying amount is greater than its estimated recoverable amount.
ii )Intangible assets
Computer software
Intangible assets are stated at acquisition cost, net of accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any.
Amortisation methods and periods:
The Company amortises intangible assets with the finite useful life (computer software) using straight line method over a period of 5 years.
iii)Financial Instrumentsa) Financial Assets
Financial assets comprise investments in equity instruments, loans and advances , trade receivables, Cash and cash equivalents and other eligible assets.
Initial recognition and measurement:
All financial assets are recognised initially at fair value except trade recievables which are initially measured at transaction price. Transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset (other than financial assets recorded at fair value through profit or loss) are included in the fair value of the financial assets. Purchase or sale of financial assets that require delivery of assets within a time frame established by regulation or convention in the market place (regular way trades) are recognised on the trade date, i.e., the date that the Company commits to purchase or sell the asset.
Subsequent Measurement:
-Financial Assets measured at amortised cost: Financial assets held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payment of principal and interest (SPPI) on principal amount outstanding are measured at amortised cost using effective interest rate (EIR) method.
They are presented as current assets, except for those maturing later than 12 months after the reporting date which are presented as non-current assets. These financial assets are subsequently carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment loss. The EIR amortisation is recognised as finance income in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
- Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI):
Financial assets held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting the contractual cash flows and selling the financial assets and the contractual terms of the financial assets give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payment towards principal and interest (SPPI) on principal outstanding are subsequently measured at FVTOCI. Fair value movements in financial assets at FVTOCI are recognised in other comprehensive income. However, the Company recognises interest income, impairment losses & reversals and foreign exchange gain loss in statement of profit and loss. On derecognition of the asset, cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from equity to profit and loss. Interest earned is recognised under the expected interest rate (EIR) model.
-Equity instruments other than investment in associates: Equity instruments held for trading are classified at fair value through Profit or Loss (FVTPL). For other equity instruments the Company classifies the same as at FVTOCI. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable. Fair value changes on equity instruments at FVTOCI, excluding dividends, are recognised in other comprehensive income (OCI).
- Financial assets at fair value through fair value through Profit or Loss (FVTPL):
Financial assets are measured at FVTPL if is does not meet the criteria for classification as measured at amortised cost or at fair value through other comprehensive income. Fair value changes are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss.
Derecognition of financial assets:
Financial assets are derecognised when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial assets expire or the financial asset is transferred and the transfer qualified for derecognition. On derecognition of financial asset in its entirety the difference between the carrying amount (measured at the date of derecognition) and the consideration received (including any new asset obtained less any new liability assumed) shall be recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss.
Impairment of financial assets:
Trade receivables, contract assets, receivables under Ind AS 109 are tested for impairment based on the expected credit losses (ECL) for the respective financial asset. ECL impairment loss allowance (or reversal) recognised during the period is recognised as income/expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The approach followed by the company for recognising the impairment loss is given below:
1) Trade receivables
An impairment analysis is performed at each reporting date. The expected credit losses over lifetime of the asset are estimated by adopting the simplified approach using a provision matrix which is based on historical loss rates reflecting current condition and forecasts of future economic conditions.
2) Other financial assets
For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines that whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12-month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL issued. If in subsequent period, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, then the entity reverts to recognising impairment loss allowance based on 12 month ECL.
b) Financial liabilities:
Financial liabilities comprise borrowings, trade payables and other eligible liabilities.
Initial recognition and measurement:
Financial liabilities are initially recognised at fair value. Any transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial liabilities (except financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are deducted from the fair value of financial liabilities.
Subsequent measurement
Financial liabilities at amortised cost: The Company has classified the following under amortised cost:
a) Trade payables
b) Other financial liabilities
Amortised cost for financial liabilities represents amount at which financial liability is measured at initial recognition minus the cumulative amortisation using
the effective interest rate (EIR) method of any difference between that initial amount and the maturity amount.
- Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL): Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term.
Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated as such at the initial date of recognition, and only if the criteria in Ind AS 109 are satisfied.
For trade and other payables maturing within one year from the Balance Sheet Date are carried at a value which is approximately equal to fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments.
Derecognition of financial liabilities
A financial liability shall be derecognised when, and only when, it is extinguished i.e. when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged or cancelled or expires.
c) Offsetting financial instruments
Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet where there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. The legally enforceable right must not be contingent on future events and must be enforceable in the normal course of business and in the event of default, insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company or the counterparty.
d) Reclassification of Financial Assets
The Company determines the classification of financial assets and liabilities on initial recognition. After initial recognition, no reclassification is made for financial assets which are categorised as equity instruments at FVTOCI and financial assets or financial liabilities that are specifically designated at FVTPL. For financial assets, which are debt instruments, a reclassification is made only if there is a change in the business model for managing those assets. Changes to the business model are expected to be infrequent. The management determines change in the business model as a result of external or internal changes which are significant to the Company's operations. A change in the business model occurs when the Company either begins or ceases to perform an activity that is significant to its operations. If the company reclassifies financial assets, it applies the reclassification prospectively from the reclassification date which is the first day of immediately next reporting period following the change in business model. The Company does not restate any previously recognised gains, losses (including impairment gains or losses) or interest.
iv Borrowing Costs
Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalised as part of the cost of that asset. Other borrowing costs are recognized as expenses in the period in which they are incurred. To the extent the Company borrows funds generally and uses them for the purpose of obtaining a qualifying asset, the Company determines the amount of borrowings costs eligible for capitalization by applying a capitalization rate to the expenditure incurred on such asset. The capitalization rate is determined based on the weighted average of borrowing costs applicable to the borrowings of the Company which are outstanding during the period, other than borrowings made specifically towards purchase of the qualifying asset. The amount of borrowing costs that the Company capitalizes during a period does not exceed the amount of borrowing costs incurred during that period.
v)Impairment of non-financial assets
The carrying amount of the Company's non-financial assets, other than deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, then the asset's recoverable amount is estimated.
The recoverable amount of an asset or cash generating unit is the greater of its value in use and its fair value less costs to sell. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risk specific to the asset. For the purpose of impairment testing, assets that cannot be tested individually are grouped together into the smallest group of assets that generates cash inflows from the continuing use that are largely independent of cash inflows of other assets or group of assets (the cash generating unit).
An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of an asset or its cash generating unit exceeds its estimated recoverable amount. Impairment losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Impairment losses are recognised in respect of cash generating units are allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the units and then to reduce the carrying amount of the other assets in the unit or group of units on a pro rata basis.
Reversal of impairment loss
Impairment losses recognized in prior periods are assessed at each reporting date for any indications that the loss has decreased or no longer exists.
An impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. An impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset's carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortization, if no impairment loss had been recognized directly in other comprehensive income and presented within equity.
vi Inventories
Inventories are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realisable value of property under construction assessed with refernce to market value of completed property as at the reporting date less estimated cost to complete. Cost of inventory (Work-in-Progress) represents cost of land and all expenditure incurred in connection with.
vii)Provisions and Contingencies
A provision arising from claims, litigation, assessment, fines, penalties, etc. is recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect current management estimates. Contingent liabilities are disclosed in respect of possible obligations that have arisen from past events and the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the enterprise. When there is a possible obligation or present obligation where the likelihood of an outflow is remote, no disclosure or provision is made.
A contingent asset is a possible asset that arises from past events and whose existence will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the entity. A contingent asset is disclosed, where an inflow of economic benefits is probable.
When some or all of the economic benefits required to settle a provision are expected to be recovered from a third party, the receivable is recognized as an asset, if it is virtually certain that reimbursement will be received and the amount of the receivable can be measured reliably.
If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost.
The company does not recognize a contingent liability but disclosed its existence in the financial statements.
VIII Income Taxes
Income tax comprises current tax and deferred tax. Income tax expense is recognized in the statement of profit and loss except to the extent it relates to items directly recognized in equity or in other comprehensive income.
Current tax
Current tax for the current and prior periods are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities based on the taxable income for the period. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the current tax amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date and applicable for the period. The Company offsets current tax assets and current tax liabilities, where it has a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and where it intends either to settle on a net basis or to realize the asset and liability simultaneously.
Deferred tax
Deferred tax is recognized using the balance sheet approach. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for deductible and taxable temporary differences arising between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount in financial statements, except when the deferred tax arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profits or loss at the time of the transaction.
Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized.
Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilized.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.
Minimum Alternate Taxes
Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) is payable when the taxable profit is lower than the book profit. Taxes paid under MAT are available as a set off against regular income tax payable in subsequent years. MAT paid in a year is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss as current tax. The Company recognises MAT credit available as an asset only to the extent that there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period i.e the period for which MAT credit is allowed to be carried forward. MAT credit is recognised as an asset and is shown as ‘MAT Credit Entitlement'. The Company reviews the ‘MAT Credit Entitlement' asset at each reporting date and write down the asset to the extent the Company does not have convincing evidence that it will pay normal tax during the specified period.
ix )Foreign Currency Translations a Functional and Presentation Currency
Items included in the financial statements are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (‘the functional currency'). The financial statements are presented in Indian Rupee (INR), which is Radhika Heights Private Limited's functional and presentation currency. b Transactions and balances
Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end exchange rates are recognised in profit or loss.
x) Leases
As a Lessee:
Leases of property, plant and equipment where the company, as lessee, has substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as finance leases. Finance leases are capitalised at the lease's inception at the fair value of the leased property or, if lower, the present value of the minimum lease payments. The corresponding rental obligations, net of finance charges, are included in borrowings or other financial liabilities as appropriate. Each lease payment is allocated between the liability and finance cost. The finance cost is charged to the profit or loss over the lease period so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability for each period.
Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are not transferred to the company as lessee are classified as operating leases. Payments made under operating leases (net of any incentives received from the lessor) are charged to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the period of the lease unless the payments are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the lessor's expected inflationary cost increases.
The determination of whether an arrangement is (or contains) a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at the inception of the lease. The arrangement is, or contains, a lease if fulfilment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets and the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset or assets, even if that right is not explicitly specified in an arrangement. Arrangements containing a lease have been evaluated as on the date of transition i.e. April 1, 2016 in accordance with Ind-AS 101 First-time Adoption of Indian Accounting Standards.
As a Lessor:
Leases in which the company does not transfer substantially all the risk and benefits of ownership of the assets are classified as operating leases. Assets subject to operating lease are included in Property, Plant & Equipment. Lease income on an operating lease is recognized in the statement of profit and loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Costs, including depreciation are recognized immediately in the statement of profit &
loss. Initial direct costs such as legal costs, brokerage costs, etc. are recognized immediately in the statement of profit and loss.
xi) Cash and Cash Equivalents
For the purpose of presentation in the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions, other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value, and bank overdrafts.
xii) Revenue Recoginition
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured.
Income from Services - Revenue is recognized on an accrual basis in accordance with the terms of the relevant agreement.
Interest Income: Interest income is recognized as it accrues in Statement of Profit and Loss using the effective interest method.
Dividend income - Revenue is recognized when the shareholder's right to receive payment is established at the balance sheet date. Dividend income is included under the head “Other income” in the statement of profit and loss.
XIII) Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period.
Diluted earning per share is computed by dividing the net profit after tax by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic EPS and also weighted average number of equity shares that could have been issued upon conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares. Dilutive potential equity shares are deemed converted as of the beginning of the period, unless issued at a later date. Dilutive potential equity shares are determined independently for each period presented. The number of equity shares and potentially dilutive equity shares are adjusted for bonus shares, as appropriate.
xiv) Segment reporting
The segmental reporting disclosures as required under Indian Accounting Standard-108 are not required, as there are no reportable business segments.
xv) Rounding of amounts
All amounts disclosed in the financial statements and notes have been rounded as per the requirement of Part I of Schedule III, unless otherwise stated.
|