B. MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
a) Basis of preparation
These financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 (as amended from time to time) and presentation requirements of Division II of Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013, (Ind AS compliant Schedule III). These standalone financial statements are presented in INR Lakhs and all values are rounded to the nearest lakhs, except when otherwise indicated. The standalone financial statements were authorised for issue by the Company's Board of Directors on May 22, 2025.
b) Use of estimates and judgements
The preparation of standalone financial statements in conformity with the recognition and measurement principles of Ind AS requires the management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the balances of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent liabilities as at the date of the standalone financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses for the periods presented. The Company has a policy to review these estimates and underlying assumptions on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimates are revised and future periods are affected.
c) Revenue recognition
Revenue in the Statement of Profit and Loss of the company arising in the course of activities which includes rendering of services, sale of Goods and use by others of resources of the enterprise yielding interest and rentals, have been recognized as per Ind-AS 115 on “Revenue from contract with customers.
(i) Rendering of Services
Service income is recognized as per the terms of contracts with the customers when the related services are performed or the agreed milestones are achieved and are net of GST, wherever applicable.
Revenue is recognized with reference to the performance of each service in a particular month as per terms of contract with the clients upon fulfillment of performance obligations. Such revenues are under fixed price contracts, where there is no uncertainty towards measurement or collectability of consideration.
Uncompleted services as on the year/ quarter end are classified as Unbilled Revenue. Such revenue is one which has been earned in the current accounting period by fulfilling performance obligations but in respect of which no enforceable claim has become due to the company during the said period.
Revenues are shown net of returns, GST, discounts and allowances as applicable.
(ii) Goods
Revenue from sale of products is recognized when the control on the goods have been transferred to the customer. The performance obligation in case of sale of product is satisfied at a point in time i.e., when the material is shipped to the customer or on delivery to the customer, as may be specified in the contract.
Revenue from the sale of goods is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, net of returns and allowances, trade discounts and volume rebates/claims, GST etc.
(iii) Other income
Other income comprises interest income on deposits, dividend income and gains / (losses) on disposal of investments. Interest income is recognized using the effective interest method. Dividend income is recognized when the right to receive payment is established.
d) Employee Benefits Expense
Short Term Employee Benefits obligation
All employee benefits payable wholly within twelve months of rendering the service are classified as short-term employee benefits. The undiscounted amount of short term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees are recognized as an expense during the period when the employees render the services. These benefits include compensated absences and performance incentives.
Other long-term Employee Benefit obligations
The liabilities for earned leave which are not expected to be settled wholly within 12 months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are measured on the basis of independent actuarial valuation certificate as the present value of the expected future payments to be made in respect of service provided by the employees up to the end of the reporting period.
Defined Contribution Plans
A defined contribution plan is a post-employment benefit plan under which the Company pays specified contributions to a separate entity. The Company makes specified monthly contributions towards Provident Fund, and Pension Scheme. The Company's contribution is recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss during the period in which the employee renders the related service.
Defined Benefit Plans
The Company pays gratuity to the eligible employees in accordance with the payment of Gratuity act, 1972. The liability recognized in the balance sheet in respect of defined benefit gratuity plan is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period. The defined benefit obligations are calculated at the end of the reporting period by actuaries using the projected unit credit method. Re-measurement of defined benefit plans in respect of post-employment are charged to the Other Comprehensive Income.
e) Property, Plant and Equipment
(i) Measurement
Items of Property, plant and equipment, are measured at cost (which includes capitalized borrowing costs, if any) less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.
Cost of an item of property, plant and equipment includes its purchase price, duties, taxes, after deducting trade discounts and rebates, any directly attributable cost of bringing the item to its working condition for its intended use and estimated costs of dismantling and removing the item and restoring the site on which it is located.
The cost of a self-constructed item of property, plant and equipment comprises the cost of materials, direct labour and any other costs directly attributable to bringing the item to its intended working condition and estimated costs of dismantling, removing and restoring the site on which it is located, wherever applicable.
If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.
Any gain or loss on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognized in profit or loss.
(ii) Subsequent expenditure
Subsequent expenditure is capitalized only if it is probable that it will increase the future economic benefits from the existing asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance/life. All other expenses on existing Property, plants and equipment, including day to day repair and maintenance and cost of replacing parts are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss for the period during which such expenses are incurred.
(iii) Derecognition
An item of Property, plant and equipment is derecognized upon its disposal or when no future economic benefit is expected to arise from its continued use. Any gain or loss arising on the same (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and its carrying amount) is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period the item is derecognized.
(iv) Depreciation
Depreciation is calculated on cost of items of Property, plant and equipment less their estimated residual value using Written down value method over the useful lives of assets and is recognized in the Statement of profit and loss. Assets acquired under finance lease are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term and their useful lives unless it is reasonably certain that the Company will obtain ownership by the end of the lease term. Depreciation for assets purchased / sold during the period is proportionately charged. Depreciation is provided based on useful life of the assets as prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013
The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year-end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.
(v) Reclassification to investment property
When the use of a property changes from owner-occupied to investment property, the property is reclassified as investment property at its carrying amount on the date of classification.
(vi) Capital work-in-progress includes cost of property, plant and equipment under installation / under development as at the balance sheet date.
f) Investment Properties
Investment property is property held either to earn rental income or for capital appreciation or for both, but not for sale in the ordinary course of business, use in the production or supply of goods or services or for administrative purposes. Upon initial recognition, an investment property is measured at cost. Subsequent to initial recognition, investment property is measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.
Any gain or loss on disposal of an investment property is recognized in Statement of Profit and loss.
Investment properties are depreciated using Written down value method over their estimated useful life.
Investment properties are derecognized either when they have been disposed of or when they are permanently withdrawn from use and no future economic benefit is expected from their disposal. The difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset is recognized in profit or loss in the period of derecognition.
The fair values of investment property is disclosed in the notes accompanying these financial statements. Fair values is determined by an independent valuer who holds a recognized and relevant professional qualification and has recent experience in the location and category of the Investment property being valued.
g) Impairment of Non-financial Assets
The Company assesses, at each reporting date, whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates the asset's recoverable amount. An asset's recoverable amount is the higher of an asset's or cash-generating unit's (CGU) fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. Recoverable amount is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or groups of assets. Where the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount.
In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining fair value less costs of disposal, recent market transactions are taken into account, if available.
If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used. Impairment losses including impairment on inventories are recognized in the Statement of profit and loss. After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.
h) Investment in Subsidiaries and Joint venture
Investment in Subsidiaries and Joint ventures are shown at cost in accordance with the option available in Ind AS 27, 'Separate Financial Statements'. Where the carrying amount of an investment in greater than its estimated recoverable amount, it is written down immediately to its recoverable amount and the difference is transferred to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Upon disposal of investment, the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount is credited or charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss.
I) Leasehold Improvements
Leasehold Improvements are carried at historical cost. Such cost includes purchase price, borrowing cost and any cost directly attributable to bringing the assets to its working condition for its intended use.
Subsequent costs are included in the asset's carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the entity and the cost can be measured reliably.
Depreciation on leasehold improvements are provided using straight line method based on management estimate of useful life of the assets. Gains or losses arising from de-recognition of leasehold improvements are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognized in the Statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognized.
j) Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalent in the balance sheet and in the Statement of Cash flows comprise of cash in hand and balance with banks in current accounts.
k) Borrowing Costs
Borrowing cost includes interest and other costs incurred in connection with the borrowing of funds and charged to Statement of Profit & Loss on the basis of effective interest rate (EIR) method. Borrowing cost also includes exchange differences to the extent regarded as an adjustment to the borrowing cost.
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as part of the cost of the respective asset. All other borrowing costs are recognized as expense in the period in which they occur.
l) Exceptional Items
Exceptional items are transactions which due to their size or incidence are separately disclosed to enable a full understanding of the Company's financial performance. Items which may be considered exceptional are significant restructuring charges, gains or losses on disposal of investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint venture and impairment losses/ write down in value of investment in subsidiaries, associates and joint venture and significant disposal of fixed assets etc.
m) Inventories
Company's inventory are the assets in the form of materials or supplies to be consumed in the rendering of services and accounting policies adopted in measuring inventories, including the cost formula used are below as per IND-AS-2 on “Inventories”: -
(i) Measurement of inventories
Inventories are valued at lower of cost or net realizable value.
(ii) Cost of inventories
The cost of inventories comprises all costs of purchase and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.
The costs of purchase consist of the purchase price including duties and taxes (other than those subsequently recoverable by the company from the taxing authorities), freight inwards and other expenditure directly attributable to the acquisition. Trade discounts, rebates, input tax credits and other similar items are deducted in determining the costs of purchase.
Other costs are included in the cost of inventories only to the extent that they are incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.
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