A. Basis of preparation of Financial Statements:
These financial statements are prepared in accordance with Indian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) under the historical cost convention on the accrual basis. GAAP comprises mandatory accounting standards as prescribed under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (‘the Act’) read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014, the provisions of the Act. The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of financial statements have been consistently applied. All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the company’s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. Based on the nature of operations and time difference between the provision of services and realization of cash and cash equivalents, the company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current and non-current classification of assets and liabilities.
B. Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements is in conformity with Indian GAAP requires judgments, estimates and assumptions to be made that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which the results are known / materialized.
C. ACCOUNTING CONVENTION
The Company follows the mercantile system of accounting, recognizing income and expenditure on accrual basis. The accounts are prepared on historical cost basis and as a going concern. Accounting policies not referred to specifically otherwise, are consistent with the generally accepted accounting principles.
The following significant accounting policies are adopted in the preparation and presentation of these financial statements:
1. Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured.
Sales of goods are recognized on transfer of significant risks and rewards of ownership to the buyer, which generally coincides with the delivery of goods to customers.
Interest income is accrued on a time proportion basis, by reference to the principle outstanding and the effective interest rate applicable.
2. Property, Plant and Equipment
a) Property, Plant and Equipment are stated as per Cost Model i.e., at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment, if any;
b) Costs directly attributable to acquisition are capitalized until the Property, Plant and Equipment are ready for use, as intended by the management;
c) Subsequent expenditures relating to Property, Plant and Equipment are capitalized only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with these will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. Repairs & maintenance costs are recognized in the Statement of profit & Loss when incurred;
d) The cost and related accumulated depreciated are eliminated from the financial statements upon sale or retirement of the asset and the resultant gains or losses are recognized in the Statement of Profit or Loss. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying value or the fair value less cost to sell;
e) Depreciation on fixed assets will be calculated using the Straight-Line Method (SLM) method, which involves applying depreciation rates prescribed under Schedule II to the Companies Act 2013. to the carrying amount of the asset. The carrying amount is reduced each year by the amount of depreciation charged.
f) Depreciation methods, useful lives, and residual values are reviewed periodically, including at each financial year end;
3. IMPAIRMENT
The Management periodically assesses, using external and internal sources, whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying value of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is higher of the asset's net selling price and value in use, which means the present value of future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use of the asset and its eventual disposal. An impairment loss for an asset is reversed if, and only if, the reversal can be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment loss was recognized. The carrying amount of an asset is increased to its revised recoverable amount, provided that this amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined (net of any accumulated amortization or depreciation) had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years.
4. INVENTORIES
Inventories are valued after providing for obsolescence, as follows:
Raw Materials -Lower of cost and net realizable value. However, materials and other items held for use in the production of inventories are not written down below cost if the finished products in which they will be incorporated are expected to be sold at or above cost. Cost is determined on First in First out basis.
5. RETIREMENT BENEFITS & OTHER EMPLOYEE BENEFITS Short-term employee benefits:
Short-term employee benefits are recognized as an expense at the undiscounted amount in the Statement of Profit and Loss for the year which includes benefits like Salary, wages and bonus, and are recognized as expenses in the period in which the employee renders the related service.
Post- Employment Benefits:
(a) Defined Contribution Plans
The Company makes contributions to defined contribution plans such as Provident Fund and Employees’ State Insurance (ESI) in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. Provident Fund contributions are made to the statutory provident fund maintained by the Government of India. These contributions are recognised as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which the employee renders the related service. The Company has no further obligation beyond its monthly contributions. Employees’ State Insurance (ESI) contributions are made in accordance with the (a) Employees’ State Insurance Act, 1948. These contributions are also recognised as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which the employee renders the related service. The Company’s liability is limited to the amount of contribution required under the statute. All the above schemes are classified as defined contribution plans under Accounting Standard 15 (Revised) - Employee Benefits, and the Company’s liability is limited to the extent of contributions made.
(b) Defined Benefit Plans
The Company’s defined benefit plan includes gratuity, which provides for a lump-sum payment to eligible employees at retirement, death, incapacitation, or termination of employment, based on the employee’s last drawn salary and tenure of service. The liability for gratuity is determined using the projected unit credit method, based on actuarial valuation carried out at each reporting date by an independent actuary. The present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows using market yields on government bonds at the reporting date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they arise. Past service cost, if any, is recognized immediately.
6. FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS
Foreign-currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities if any are translated at exchange rates in effect at the Balance Sheet date. The gains or losses resulting from the transactions relating to purchase of current a0073sets like Raw Material or other products are included in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Revenue, expense and cash-flow items denominated in foreign currencies are translated using the exchange rate in effect on the date of the transaction.
7. CASH FLOW STATEMENT
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non- cash nature, any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts or payments and item of income or expenses associated with investing or financing cash flows. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities are segregated.
8. BORROWING COSTS
Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or construction of a qualifying asset are capitalized as part of the cost of that asset till such time the asset is ready for its intended use. A qualifying asset is an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use. Costs incurred in raising funds are amortized equally over the period for which the funds are acquired. All other borrowing costs are charged to profit and loss account.
9. INCOME TAX
The accounting treatment for the Income Tax in respect of the Company’s income is based on the Accounting Standard on ‘Accounting for Taxes on Income’ (AS-22). The provision made for Income Tax in Accounts comprises both, the current tax and deferred tax. Provision for Current Tax is made on the assessable Income Tax rate applicable to the relevant assessment year after considering various deductions available under the Income Tax Act, 1961.
Deferred tax is recognized for all timing differences; being the differences between the taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. Such deferred tax is quantified using the tax rates and laws enacted or substantively enacted as on the Balance Sheet date. The carrying amount of deferred tax asset/liability is reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and consequential adjustments are carried out.
10. EARNINGS PER SHARE
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the net profit after tax by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit after tax by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share and also the weighted average number of equity shares that could have been issued upon conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.
The diluted potential equity shares are adjusted for the proceeds receivable had the shares been actually issued at fair value which is the average market value of the outstanding shares. Dilutive potential equity shares are deemed converted as of the beginning of the period, unless issued at a later date. Dilutive potential equity shares are determined independently for each period presented.
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