2.13 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets
Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is
probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable
estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.
Contingent Liability is disclosed in case of a present obligation arising from past events, when it is not probable that an
outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation or where no reliable estimate is possible. Contingent liabilities
are not recognised in financial statements but are disclosed in notes.
Contingent asset is a possible asset that arises from past events and whose existence will be confirmed only by the
occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the entity,
Contingent assets are not recognised in financial statements and are disclosed in notes.
Foreign Currency Transactions
Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at exchange rates prevailing at the date of transactions. Exchange differences
arising on foreign exchange transactions settled during the year are recognised in the statement of profit and loss of the
year.
Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies which are outstanding, as at the reporting date are
translated at the closing exchange rates and the resultant exchange differences are recognised in the statement of profit and
loss.
Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are recognised using the exchange
rate at date of initial transactions, are not retranslated.
In respect of forward contracts, the premium or discount on these contracts is recognized as income or expenditure over -.he
period of the contract. Any profit or loss arising on the cancellation or the renewal of such contracts is recognized as income
_or expense for the year. _ -I
Financial assets
The Company assesses at each date of balance sheet whether a financial asset or a group of financial assets is impaired. Ind
AS 109 requires expected credit losses to be measured through a loss allowance. In determining the allowances for doubtful
trade receivables, the Company has used a practical expedient by computing the expected credit loss allowance for trade
receivables based on a provision matrix. The provision matrix takes into account historical credit loss experience and is
adjusted for forward looking information. The expected credit loss allowance is based on the ageing of the receivables that
are due and allowance rates used in the provision matrix.
2.16 Government Grant
Government grants are recognised when there is a reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and all attached
conditions will be complied with. Government grants relating to an expense item is recognised in the statement of profit and
loss over the period necessary to match them with costs that they are intended to compensate are expensed. Government
grants relating to asset is recognised as income in equal amounts over the useful life of the asset.
2.17 Earning Per Share (EPS)
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit/(loss) after tax by the weighted average number of equity shares
outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit/(loss) after tax as adjusted for
dividend, interest and other charges to expense or income relating to the dilutive potential equity shares, by the weighted
average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share and the weighted average number of
equity shares which could have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.
2.18 Cash Flow Statement
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, as set out in Ind AS 7 'Statement of Cash Flows', whereby profit for the
period is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature, any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating
cash receipts or payments and item of income or expenses associated with investing or financing cash flows. The cash flows
from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.
2.19 Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents in the balance sheet comprise cash at banks and on hand and short-term deposits with an original
maturity of three months or less, which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
2.20 Borrowing Costs
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset that necessarily
takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as part of the cost of the asset, until
such time as the assets are substantially ready for the intended use or sale. Interest income earned on temporary
investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs
eligible for capitalisation. The borrowing costs other than attributable to qualifying assets are recognised in the profit or loss
in the period in which they incurred. ____
2,21 Financial Instruments
The company recognizes financial assets and financial liabilities when it becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the
instrument. Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly
attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial
liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial asset or financial
liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transactions costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets
or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognised immediately in Statement of Profit and loss,
Financial assets
All regular way purchases or sale of financial assets are recognised and derecognised on a trade date basis. Regular way
purchases or sales are purchases or sale of financial assets that require delivery of assets within the time frame established
by regulation or convention in the market place. All recognised financial assets are subsequently measured in their entirety
at either amortized cost or fair value, depending on the classification of the financial assets.
Classification of Financial Assets
(i) Financial assets carried at amortised cost
A financial asset is subsequently measured at amortised cost if it is held within a business model whose objective is to hold
the asset in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified
dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
(ii) Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income
A financial asset is subsequently measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if it is held within a business
model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets and the contractual
terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the
principal amount outstanding.
(iii) Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
A financial asset which is not classified in any of the above categories is subsequently fair valued through profit or loss.
(iv) Financial liabilities
Financial liabilities are subsequently carried at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method. For trade and other
payables maturing within one year from the balance sheet date, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to the
short maturity of these instruments.
(v) Equity instrument
An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Company after deducting all of its
liabilities. Equity instruments are recorded at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs,
c) Derecognition
The company derecognizes a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire or it transfers the financial asset and the transfer qualifies for derecognition under Ind AS 109, A financial liability (or a part of a
financial liability) is derecognized from the company's balance sheet when the obligation specified in the contract is
discharged or cancelled or expires.
d) Offsetting of financial instruments
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet if there is a currently
enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realise tne
assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the
fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as
a whole:
Level 1 - Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
Level 2 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or
indirectly observable.
Level 3 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement
unobservable.
2.71 Recent Accounting Pronouncement
Ministry of Corporate Affairs ("MCA") notifies new standards or amendments to the existing standards under Companies
(Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. For the year ended March 31, 2025, MCA has not notified
any new standard or amendments to the existing standards applicable to the Company.
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