Significant Accounting Policies
1. Basis of Preparation Compliance with Ind AS
These standalone financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Indian Accounting Standards (hereinafter referred to as the 'Ind AS') as notified by Ministry of Corporate Affairs pursuant to Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 ('Act') read with of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 as amended and other relevant provisions of the Act.
The accounting policies are applied consistently to all the periods presented in the financial statements, including the preparation of the opening Ind AS Balance Sheet as at 1st April, 2020 being the date of transition to Ind AS.
Historical cost convention
The financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost except for certain financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value at the end of each reporting period.
Current non-current classification
All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company's normal operating cycle (twelve months) and other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the Act.
Based on the nature of services rendered to customers and time elapsed between deployment of resources and the realization in cash and cash equivalents of the consideration for such services rendered, the Company has considered an operating cycle of twelve months.
Rounding of Amounts
All amounts disclosed in the financial statements and notes have been rounded off to the nearest Lakhs as per the requirement of Schedule III, unless otherwise stated. While preparing the financial statements where amounts have been rounded off in rupees lakhs, value 0.00 represents value less than 1,000.
2. Property, Plant and Equipment
The Company has applied for the one time transition exemption of considering the carrying cost on the transition date i.e. April 1,2020 as the deemed cost under Ind AS. Hence regarded thereafter as historical cost.
All other items of Property, Plant and Equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items and to bring the asset to its working condition for its intended use.
Subsequent costs are included in the asset's carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably.
The company identifies and determines cost of each component/part of the plant and equipment separately, if the component/part has a cost which is significant to the total cost of the plant and equipment and has useful life that is materially different from that of the remaining plant and equipment.
Gains or losses arising from derecognition of tangible property, plant and equipment are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognized in the Statement of Profit and loss when the asset is derecognized.
Depreciation is provided on assets to get the initial cost down to the residual value. Depreciation in respect of Property, Plant and Equipment is provided on straight line basis over the estimated useful life of the asset in accordance with Schedule II of Companies Act 2013 or based on the technical evaluation of the asset. The charge in respect of periodic depreciation is derived after determining an estimate of an asset's expected useful life and the expected residual value at the end of its life. Cost incurred on assets under development are disclosed under capital work-in-progress and not depreciated till asset is ready to use. The residual values and useful lives for depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate. An asset's carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the asset's carrying amount is greater than its estimated recoverable amount. Recoverable amount is higher of value in use or exchange. Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the sale proceeds with the carrying amount and are recognized in the statement of profit and loss. Estimated useful lives of items of property, plant and equipment are as follows:
3.Leases
The Company as a lessee
The Company assesses whether a contract contains a lease, at the inception of a contract. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, the Company assesses whether:
1. The contract involves the use of an identified asset
2. The Company has substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset through the period of the lease and
3. The Company has the right to direct the use of the asset.
At the date of commencement of lease, the company has assessed the lease to be of low value and for a term of less than 12 months. For these short-term and low value leases, the Company recognizes the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.
4. Financial Instruments
A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.
Financial Assets
4.1. Initial recognition and measurement
All financial assets and liabilities are initially recognized at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets, which are not at fair value through profit or loss, are adjusted to the fair value on initial recognition. Purchase and sale of financial assets are recognized using trade date accounting.
4.2. Investments in Subsidiaries
Investments in Subsidiaries are carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses, if any. Subsequent measurement
4.2.1.1. Financial assets carried at amortized cost (AC)
A financial asset is measured at amortized cost if it is held within a business model whose objective is to hold the asset in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
4.2.1.2. Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)
A financial asset is measured at FVTOCI if it is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding. Fair value movements are recognized in the other comprehensive income (OCI). When the financial asset is derecognized, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognized in OCI is reclassified from the equity to the Statement of Profit and Loss.
4.2.1.3. Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)
A financial asset, which is not classified in any of the above categories, is measured through FVTPL.
4.2.2. Equity Instruments
All equity investments are measured at fair values. The Company may irrevocably elect to
measure the same either at FVTOCI or FVTPL on initial recognition. The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The fair value changes on the investment are recognized in OCI or reclassified to retained earnings on sale of such investments. Dividend income on the investments in equity instruments are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
4.2.3. Impairment of financial assets
In accordance with Ind AS 109, the Company uses 'Expected Credit Loss' (ECL) model, for evaluating impairment of financial assets other than those measured at fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL).
Expected credit losses are measured through a loss allowance at an amount equal to:
The 12-months expected credit losses (expected credit losses that result from those default events on the financial instrument that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date); or
Full lifetime expected credit losses (expected credit losses that result from all possible default events over the life of the financial instrument)
For Trade Receivables Company applies 'simplified approach' which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognized from initial recognition of the receivables. The Company uses historical default rates to determine impairment loss on the portfolio of trade receivables. At every reporting date these historical default rates are reviewed and changes in the forward looking estimates are analyzed.
For other assets, the Company uses 12-month ECL to provide for impairment loss where there is no significant increase in credit risk. If there is significant increase in credit risk full lifetime ECL is used.
The impairment provisions for financial assets are based on assumptions about risk of defaults and expected cash loss rates. The company uses judgments in making these assumptions and selecting the inputs to the impairment calculation, based on companies past history, existing market conditions as well as forward looking estimates at the end of each reporting period.
4.3. Financial Liabilities
4.3.1. Initial recognition and measurement
All financial liabilities are recognized at fair value and in case of loans, net of directly attributable cost. Fees of recurring nature are directly recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss as finance cost.
4.3.2. Subsequent measurement
Financial liabilities are carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method. For trade and other payables maturing within one year from the balance sheet date, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments.
4.4. De-recognition of financial instruments
The Company derecognizes a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire or it transfers the financial asset and the transfer qualifies for derecognition under Ind AS 109. A financial liability (or a part of a financial liability) is derecognized from the Company's Balance Sheet when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged or cancelled or expires.
5. Segment Reporting:
Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision maker.
6. Finance costs
Interest and other borrowing costs attributable to qualifying assets are capitalized. Other interest and borrowing costs are charged to Statement of Profit and Loss.
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