2. Material accounting policies Basis of preparation and presentation
The financial statements of the Company comply in all material aspects with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (the ‘Act’) read with the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 as amended from time to time and other relevant provisions of the Act.
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Ind AS 1- Presentation of Financial Statements as notified under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 read with Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013.
The Balance Sheet, the Statement of Changes in Equity, the Statement of Profit and Loss and disclosures are presented in the format prescribed under Division II of Schedule III of the companies Act, as amended from time to time that are required to comply with Ind AS. The Statement of Cash Flows has been presented as per the requirements of Ind AS 7 Statement of Cash Flows.
The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention and on accrual basis, except for certain financial assets and liabilities.
Accounting policies have been consistently applied except where newly issued accounting standard is initially adopted or a revision to an existing accounting standard requires a change in the accounting policy hitherto in use. The Company’s financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (INR)/(Rs.), which is also its functional currency and all values are rounded to the nearest millions, except when otherwise indicated.
The financial statements for the period ended 31 March 2025 are being authorized for issue in accordance with a resolution of the directors on 09 July, 2025.
The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of the financial statements are set out below. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.
(All amounts are in INR Millions unless otherwise slated)
2. Material accounting policies (continued)
a. Property, plant and equipment I. Recognition and measurement
Property, plant and equipment are staled at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Subsequent costs are included in the asset s carrying amount.
Items of properly, plant and equipment are initially recorded at cost. Cost comprises acquisition cost, borrowing cost if capitalization criteria are met, and directly attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for the intended use. Subsequent expenditure relating to property, plant and equipment is capitalized only when it is probable that future economic benefit associated with these will flow with the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably.
Capital work-in-progress are property, plant and equipment which arc not yet ready for their intended use. Advances given towards acquisition of fixed assets outstanding at each reporting date are shown as other non-financial assets. Depreciation is not recorded on capital work-in progress until construction and installation is completed and assets are ready for its intended use.
Items of Property, plant and equipment that have been retired from active use and are held for disposal are stated at the lower of their net book value or net realisable value and are shown separately in the financial statements, if any.
ii. Depreciation
Depreciation provided on property, plant and equipment is calculated on a straight line basis using the rates arrived at based on the useful lives specified in Schedule II of the Act.
The estimated useful lives of items of property, plant and equipment for the current and comparative periods are as follow's:
Asset Useful life
Computers, laptops and peripherals 3 years
Furnitures and fixtures 10 years
Office equipments 5 years
Network equipments 6 years
Depreciation is provided on a straight line basis from the date the asset is ready for its intended use. In respect of assets sold, depreciation is provided up to the date of
disposal. The residual values, estimated useful lives and methods of depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at the end of each financial year and
changes if any, are accounted for on a prospective basis.
Improvements to leasehold premises are amortised over the non-cancellable period of the lease term or useful lives of the assets, whichever is lower.
iii. De-recognition
The carrying amount of an item of property, plant and equipment is derecognized on disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Gains or losses arising from de-recognition, disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and equipment are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognised net, within “Other Income” or “Other Expenses”, as the case maybe, in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year of derecognition, disposal or retirement.
b. Intangible assets
/. Recognition and measurement
An intangible asset is recognised only when its cost can be measured reliably, and it is probable that the expected future economic benefits that are attributable to it will flow to the Company. Intangible assets are capitalised at cost of acquisition including cost attributable to readying the asset for use. Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization. The useful life of these intangible assets is estimated at 10 years with zero residual value.
Amortisation
Amortisation is provided using the straight-line method on the cost of intangible assets over their estimated useful lives and is included in the statement of profit and loss.
c. Revenue from contracts with customers
Revenue is measured at transaction price (net of variable consideration, if any). Revenue from contracts with customers is recognised when control of the goods or services are transferred to the customer at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.
The Company recognises revenue from contracts with customers based on a five step model as set out in Ind AS 115:
Step I: Identify contract(s) with a customer: A contract is defined as an agreement between two or more parties that creates enforceable rights and obligations and sets out the criteria for every contract that must be met.
Step 2: Identify performance obligations in the contract: A performance obligation is a promise in a contract with a customer to transfer a good or service to the customer.
Step 3: Determine the transaction price: The transaction price is the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring promised goods or services to a customer, excluding amounts collected on behalf of third parties.
Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract: For a contract that has more than one performance obligation, the Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation in an amount that depicts the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for satisfying each performance obligation.
Step 5: Recognise revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation.
The Company recognises revenue from the following sources:
(a) Income from tech platform services, support services and fees and commission income is recognised upon completion of services, in accordance with the terms of contract which is satisfied at a point in time.
(b) Interest income on a financial asset carried at amortised cost is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the effective interest rate (‘EIR’). The EIR is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash flows of the financial assets through the expected life of the financial asset or, where appropriate, a shorter period, to the net carrying amount of the financial instrument. The internal rate of return on financial assets after netting off the fees received and cost incurred approximates the effective interest rate method of return for the financial asset. The future cash flows are estimated taking into account all the contractual terms of the instrument.
The interest income is calculated by applying the EIR to the gross carrying amount of non-credit impaired financial assets (i.e. at the amortised cost of the financial asset before adjusting for any expected credit loss allowance). For credit-impaired financial assets the interest income is calculated by applying the EIR to the amortised cost of the credit-impaired financial assets (i.e. the gross carrying amount less the allowance for ECLs).
(c) The Company has the right to consideration which is unconditional but an invoice for the same has not been raised accordingly it is classified as unbilled revenue under trade receivable
Advances received from customers in respect of contracts are treated as liabilities and adjusted against billing as per terms of the contract.
d. Financial instruments /. Date of Recognition
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised in the Company's balance sheet when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.
ii. Initial Measurement
Financial assets and liabilities are initially recognised on the trade date, i.e. the date on which the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Recognised financial instruments arc initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss arc recognised immediately in profit or loss.
iii. Classification and Subsequent Measurement A. Financial assets
Based on the business model, the contractual characteristics of the financial assets and specific elections where appropriate, the Company classifies and measures financial assets in the following categories:
a) Amortised cost: A financial assets is measured at amortised cost if it meets both of the following conditions and is not designated as at Fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL):
• the asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets to collect contractual cash flows ('Asset held to collect contractual cash flows'); and
• the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (’SPP1’) on the principal amount outstanding.
After initial measurement and based on the assessment of the business model as asset held to collect contractual cash flows and SPPI, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using effective interest rate (‘EIR’) method. Interest income and impairment expenses are recognised in profit or loss. Interest income from these financial assets is included in finance income using the EIR method. Any gain and loss on derecognition is also recognised in profit or loss.
The EIR method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial instrument and of allocating interest over the relevant period. The EIR is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash flows (including all fees paid or received that form an integral part of the EIR, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the instrument, or, where appropriate, a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition.
b) Fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI): Financial assets that arc held within a business model whose objective is both to collect the contractual cash flows and to sell the assets, ('Contractual cash flows of assets collected through hold and sell model') and contractual cash flows that are SPPI, are subsequently measured at FVOCI. Movements in the carrying amount of such financial assets are recognised in Other Comprehensive Income (‘OCR), except interest / dividend income which is recognised in profit and loss. Amounts recorded in OC1 are subsequently transferred to the statement of profit and loss in case of debt instruments however, in case of equity instruments it will be directly transferred to reserves. Equity instruments at FVOCI are not subject to an impairment assessment.
c) Fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL): Financial assets, which do not meet the criteria for categorisation as at amortised cost or as FVOCI or either designated, are measured at FVTPL. Subsequent changes in fair value are recognised in profit or loss. The Company records investments in equity instruments and mutual funds at FVTPL.
B. Financial liabilities
Debt and equity instruments issued by the Company are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument.
(a) Equity Instrument - An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by the Company is recognised at the proceeds received, net of directly attributable transaction costs.
(b) Financial Liabilities Financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost. The carrying amounts are initially recognised at fair value and subsequently determined based on the EIR method. Interest expense is recognised in profit or loss. Any gain or loss on de-recognition of financial liabilities is also recognised in profit or loss. The Company does not have any financial liability which are measured at FVTPL.
Financial liabilities are carried at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method. For trade and other payables, the carrying amount approximates the fair value due to short maturity of these instruments.
In order to show how fair values have been derived, financial instruments are classified based on a hierarchy of valuation techniques, as summarised below:
Level 1 : Those where the inputs used in the valuation are unadjusted quoted prices from active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has access to at the measurement date. The Company considers markets as active only if there are sufficient trading activities with regards to the volume and liquidity of the identical assets or liabilities and when there are binding and exercisable price quotes available on the balance sheet date.
Level 2 : Those where the inputs that are used for valuation and are significant, are derived from directly or indirectly observable market data available over the entire period of the instrument’s life.
Level 3 : Those that include one or more unobservable input that is significant to the measurement as whole.
Reclassification:
Financial assets and financial liabilities are not reclassified subsequent to their initial recognition, apart from the exceptional circumstances in which the Company acquires, disposes of, or terminates a business line or in the period the Company changes its business model for managing financial assets.
v. Derecognition:
(A) A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a group of similar financial assets) is derecognised when:
• The contractual rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset have expired, or
• The Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset and the Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or the Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.
If the Company neither transfers nor retains substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership and continues to control the transferred asset, the Company recognises its retained interest in the asset and an associated liability for the amount it may have to pay.
On derecognition of a financial asset, the difference between the carrying amount of the asset (or the carrying amount allocated to the portion of the asset derecognised) and the sum of (i) the consideration received (including any new asset obtained less any new liability assumed) and (ii) any cumulative gain or loss that had been recognised in OCI is recognised in profit or loss (except for equity instruments measured at FVOC1).
(B) A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged, cancelled or expires. Where an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as a derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. In this case, a new financial liability based on the modified terms is recognised at fair value. The difference between the carrying value of the original financial liability and the new financial liability with modified terms is recognised in profit or loss.
vi. Offsetting:
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount presented in the balance sheet when, and only when, the Company currently has a legally enforceable right to set off the amounts and it intends either to settle them on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
vii. Impairment of financial assets:
A. Trade receivables
The Company applies the Ind AS 109 simplified approach to measuring expected credit losses which uses a lifetime expected loss allowance (ECL) for all trade receivables. The application of simplified approach does not require the Company to track changes in credit risk. Rather, it recognises impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition.
To measure the expected credit losses, trade receivables have been grouped based on shared credit risk characteristics and the days past due. The expected loss rates are based on average of historical loss rate adjusted to reflect current and available forward looking information affecting the ability of the customers to settle the receivables.
B. Other Financial Assets
A financial asset is written off when there is no reasonable expectation of recovering the contractual cash flows.
The gross carrying amount of a financial asset is written off (either partially or in full) to the extent that there is no realistic prospect of recovery. This is generally the case when the Company determines that the debtor does not have assets or sources of income that could generate sufficient cash flows to repay the amounts subject to the write - off. However, financial assets that are written off could still be subject to enforcement activities under the Company’s recovery procedures, taking into account legal advice where appropriate. Any recoveries made are recognised in profit or loss
e. Employee Benefits
i. Short-term employee benefits
Short-term employee benefits include salaries and short-term bonus. A liability is recognised if the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service provided by the employee, and the obligation can be estimated reliably. These costs are recognised as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss at the undiscounted amount expected to be paid over the period of services rendered by the employees to the Company.
ii. Gratuity
Every employee is entitled to a benefit equivalent to 15 days salary last drawn for each completed year of service in line with The Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972. The same is payable at the time of separation from the Company or retirement, whichever is earlier. The benefit vest after five years of continuous service.
The Company’s gratuity scheme is a defined benefit plan. The Company’s net obligation in respect of the gratuity benefit scheme is calculated by estimating the amount of future benefit that the employees have earned in return for their service in the current and prior period. Such benefit is discounted to determine its present value, and the fair value of any plan assets, if any, is deducted.
The present value of the obligation under such benefit plan is determined based on actuarial valuation using the Projected Unit Credit Method which recognises each period of services as giving rise to additional unit of employee benefit entitlement and measures each unit separately to build up the final obligation.
The obligation is measured at present values of estimated future cash flows. The discounted rates used for determining the present value are based on the market yields on Government Securities as at the balance sheet date.
Remeasurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in the period in which they occur, directly in other comprehensive income. They are included in retained earnings in the statement of changes in equity and in the balance sheet.
iii, Provident fund
The contribution to provident fund is considered as defined contribution plan. The Company has no obligation, other than the contribution payable to the provident fund. The Company recognises contribution payable to the provident fund scheme as an expense, when an employee renders the related service.
/V. Share based payment arrangements
The grant date fair value of equity-settled share-based payment arrangements granted to employees is measured by reference to the fair value of the options using option pricing model at the date on which the options are granted and generally recognised as an employee benefits expense, with a corresponding increase in equity, over the vesting period of the awards. The amount recognised as an expense is adjusted to reflect the number of awards for which the related service conditions are expected to be met, such that the amount ultimately recognised is based on the number of awards that meet the related service conditions at the vesting date.
v.. Long term employee benefits
The long term employee benefits is measured by reference to the fair value of the benefits using generally accepted valuation methodologies which takes into account performance based conditions subject to continuous service.
f. Borrowing costs
Expenses related to borrowing cost are accounted using effective interest rate. Borrowing costs are interest and other costs (including exchange differences relating to foreign currency borrowings to the extent that they are regarded as an adjustment to interest costs) incurred in connection with the borrowing of funds. Borrowing costs directly attributable to acquisition or construction of an asset which necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use are capitalised as part of the cost of that asset. Other borrowing costs are recognised as an expense in the period in which they are incurred. The difference between the discounted amount mobilised and redemption value of commercial papers is recognised in the statement of profit and loss over the life of the instrument using the EIR.
g. Foreign exchange transactions
Transactions in foreign currencies are recorded at the rate of exchange prevailing on the date of the transaction. Exchange differences arising on settlement of revenue transactions are recognised in the statement of profit and loss. Monetary assets and liabilities contracted in foreign currencies are restated at the rate of exchange ruling at the Balance Sheet date. Non-monetary assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rate when the fair value was determined. Non-monetary assets and liabilities that are measured based on historical cost in a foreign currency are translated at the exchange rate at the date of the transaction.
h. Leases
The determination of whether an arrangement is a lease, or contains a lease, is based on the substance of the arrangement and requires an assessment of whether the fulfilment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets or whether the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset. The Company assesses whether a contract contains a lease, at inception of a contract. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified assets, the Company assess whether (i) the contract involves the use of an identified assets; (ii) the Company has substantially all the economic benefits from use of the assets through the period of the lease and (iii) the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset.
At the date of commencement of the lease, the Company recognises a right of use assets (ROU) and a corresponding lease liability for all lease arrangements in which it is a lessee, except for leases with a term of 12 month or less (short-term leases) and low value leases. For these short-term and low value leases, the Company recognises the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.
Certain lease arrangements includes the options to extend or terminate the lease before the end of the lease term. ROU assets and lease liabilities includes these options when it is reasonably certain that they will be exercised.
The cost of the right of use assets comprises the amount of the initial measurement of the lease liability, any lease payments made at or before the inception date of the lease, less any lease incentives received. Subsequently, the right of use assets is measured at cost less any accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. The right of use assets is depreciated using the straight line method from the commencement date over the shorter of lease term or useful life of right of use assets.
For lease liabilities at inception, the Company measures the lease liability at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at that date. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease, if that rate is readily determined. If that rale is not readily determined the lease payments are discounted using the incremental borrowing rate.
Lease liabilities and ROU asset has been separately presented in the Balance Sheet and lease payments have been classified as financing activities in statement of cash flows.
|