KYC is one time exercise with a SEBI registered intermediary while dealing in securities markets (Broker/ DP/ Mutual Fund etc.). | No need to issue cheques by investors while subscribing to IPO. Just write the bank account number and sign in the application form to authorise your bank to make payment in case of allotment. No worries for refund as the money remains in investor's account.   |   Prevent unauthorized transactions in your account – Update your mobile numbers / email ids with your stock brokers. Receive information of your transactions directly from exchange on your mobile / email at the EOD | Filing Complaint on SCORES - QUICK & EASY a) Register on SCORES b) Mandatory details for filing complaints on SCORE - Name, PAN, Email, Address and Mob. no. c) Benefits - speedy redressal & Effective communication   |   BSE Prices delayed by 5 minutes...<< Prices as on Apr 01, 2026 - 3:59PM >>  ABB India 6080  [ 2.42% ]  ACC 1327.25  [ 5.90% ]  Ambuja Cements 420.15  [ 4.80% ]  Asian Paints 2221  [ 2.61% ]  Axis Bank 1192.85  [ 2.66% ]  Bajaj Auto 8892.5  [ 1.32% ]  Bank of Baroda 253.5  [ 2.44% ]  Bharti Airtel 1782  [ -0.13% ]  Bharat Heavy 250.85  [ 2.16% ]  Bharat Petroleum 281.2  [ 0.05% ]  Britannia Industries 5499.4  [ 1.35% ]  Cipla 1200.7  [ -1.83% ]  Coal India 449.25  [ -0.22% ]  Colgate Palm 1830  [ 2.29% ]  Dabur India 415.15  [ 1.16% ]  DLF 509  [ 1.05% ]  Dr. Reddy's Lab. 1209.2  [ -3.62% ]  GAIL (India) 140.5  [ 2.03% ]  Grasim Industries 2584.15  [ 1.13% ]  HCL Technologies 1356.8  [ 1.17% ]  HDFC Bank 742.15  [ 1.41% ]  Hero MotoCorp 5148  [ 1.73% ]  Hindustan Unilever 2064.45  [ 0.42% ]  Hindalco Industries 906.5  [ 2.48% ]  ICICI Bank 1212.55  [ 0.61% ]  Indian Hotels Co. 585.65  [ 2.61% ]  IndusInd Bank 785.75  [ 4.38% ]  Infosys 1276.25  [ 2.00% ]  ITC 291.4  [ 1.29% ]  Jindal Steel 1135  [ 2.01% ]  Kotak Mahindra Bank 356.05  [ 0.81% ]  L&T 3607.55  [ 2.95% ]  Lupin 2270  [ -1.85% ]  Mahi. & Mahi 3030.95  [ 2.53% ]  Maruti Suzuki India 12500  [ 1.64% ]  MTNL 24.3  [ 13.18% ]  Nestle India 1177  [ 0.19% ]  NIIT 55.75  [ 10.40% ]  NMDC 78.15  [ 2.46% ]  NTPC 364.85  [ -1.64% ]  ONGC 287.95  [ 1.18% ]  Punj. NationlBak 104  [ 3.43% ]  Power Grid Corpn. 292.85  [ -1.13% ]  Reliance Industries 1368.85  [ 1.83% ]  SBI 1017.9  [ 3.89% ]  Vedanta 677.4  [ 3.44% ]  Shipping Corpn. 231.25  [ 5.21% ]  Sun Pharmaceutical 1728.45  [ -1.64% ]  Tata Chemicals 606.8  [ 4.06% ]  Tata Consumer 1026  [ 1.14% ]  Tata Motors Passenge 302.9  [ 2.24% ]  Tata Steel 194.7  [ 1.51% ]  Tata Power Co. 380.2  [ 0.40% ]  Tata Consult. Serv. 2408.3  [ 2.09% ]  Tech Mahindra 1404.65  [ 1.29% ]  UltraTech Cement 10713.4  [ -0.29% ]  United Spirits 1250  [ 2.54% ]  Wipro 191.15  [ 1.92% ]  Zee Entertainment 76.07  [ 5.62% ]  

Company Information

Indian Indices

  • Loading....

Global Indices

  • Loading....

Forex

  • Loading....

DANGEE DUMS LTD.

01 April 2026 | 03:50

Industry >> Food Processing & Packaging

Select Another Company

ISIN No INE688Y01022 BSE Code / NSE Code / Book Value (Rs.) 1.01 Face Value 1.00
Bookclosure 26/09/2024 52Week High 6 EPS 0.00 P/E 0.00
Market Cap. 44.96 Cr. 52Week Low 3 P/BV / Div Yield (%) 2.90 / 0.00 Market Lot 1.00
Security Type Other

ACCOUNTING POLICY

You can view the entire text of Accounting Policy of the company for the latest year.
Year End :2025-03 

1. Corporate information:

The Dangee Dums Limited ('the Company') is a listed company, incorporated on August 13, 2010 under the provisions of the Companies Act 1956, having it registered office at 4-A, Ketan Co-Op Housing Society Ltd, Opp. B D Patel House, Naranpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. The shares of the company are listed on NSE. The Company is engaged in the business of manufacturing and trading of Bakery & Confectionery Products. The Company has manufacturing plant located in state of Gujarat.

The financial statements are approved for issue by the Company's Board of Directors on May 27, 2025.

2. Statement of compliance:

The financial statements have been prepared with all material aspect with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind As) notified under section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (the Act) read with the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 as amended. The accounting policies are applied consistently to all the periods presented in the financial statements.

3. Basis of preparation:

The financial statements have been prepared on accrual basis of accounting under historical cost convention, except for the following where the fair valuation have been carried out in accordance with the requirements of respective Ind AS:

a. Employee defined benefit plans - Plan assets - Note 46.

b. Financial Instruments recognied at FVTPL or FVTOCI - Note 48.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, regardless of whether that price is directly observable or estimated using another valuation technique. In estimating the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company takes into account the characteristics of the asset or liability if market participants would take those characteristics into account when pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date.

4.1. Material Accounting Policies:

i) Use of estimates:

The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with the recognition and measurement principles of Ind AS requires the management of the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported balances of assets and liabilities, disclosures relating to contingent liabilities as at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expense for the periods presented. The estimates and assumptions used in the accompanying financial statements are based upon management's evaluation of relevant facts and circumstances as at the date of the financial statements. Management believes that the estimates used in the preparation of financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Actual results could differ from estimates.

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimates are revised and future periods are affected.

Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgements used in application of Accounting Policies:

a. Income Taxes

Significant judgements are involved in determining the provision for Income Taxes, including amount expected to be paid / recovered for uncertain tax positions. (Also refer Note 11 and 42)

b. Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment represent a significant proportion of the asset base of the Company. The charge in respect of periodic depreciation is derived after determining an estimate of an asset's expected useful life and the

expected residual value at the end of its life. The useful life and residual values of the Company's assets are determined by the Management at the time the asset is acquired and reviewed periodically, including at each financial year end. The life is based on historical experience with similar assets as well as anticipation of future events, which may impact their life such as changes in technology. (Refer Note 5)

c. Impairment of Financial Assets

The impairment provisions for financial assets are based on assumptions about risk of default and expected loss rates. The Company uses judgement in making these assumptions and selecting the inputs to the impairment calculation based on empirical evidence available without under cost or effort, existing market conditions as well as forward looking estimates at the end of each reporting period. (Refer Note 14 and 49)

d. Defined Benefit Plan

The cost of the defined benefit plan and other post-employment benefits and the present value of such obligations is determined using actuarial valuation. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases, mortality rates and attrition rate. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date. (Refer Note 38 and 46)

e. Fair Value Measurement of Financial Instruments

When the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities recorded in the balance sheet cannot be measured based on quoted prices in active markets, their fair value is measured using valuation techniques including the Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) model. The inputs to these models are taken from observable markets, where possible, but where this is not feasible, a degree of judgement is required in establishing fair values. Judgements include consideration of inputs such as liquidity risk, credit risk and volatility. Changes in assumptions about these factors could affect the reported fair values of financial instruments. (Refer Note 48)

ii) Revenue recognition:

Revenue from Contracts with Customers, revenue is recognised upon transfer of control of promised goods or services to customers. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, excluding discounts, incentives, performance bonuses, price concessions, amounts collected on behalf of third parties, or other similar items, if any, as specified in the contract with the customer.

Sale of Products

Revenue from the sale of products is recognised at a point in time, upon transfer of control of products to the customers which coincides with their delivery and is measured at fair value of consideration received/receivable, net of discounts, amount collected on behalf of third parties and applicable taxes.

Sale of Scrap

Sale of scrap is recognised upon transfer of control of products to the customers which coincides with their delivery to customer.

Loyalty points programme

The Company operates a loyalty programme which allows customers to accumulate points on purchases made in retail stores. The points give rise to a separate performance obligation as it entitles them for redemption as settlement of future purchase transaction price. Consideration received is allocated between the sale of products and the points issued, with the consideration allocated to the points equal to their fair value. Fair value of points is determined by applying statistical techniques based on the historical trends.

Consideration allocated to reward points is deferred and recognised when points are redeemed or when the points expire. The amount of revenue is based on the value of points redeemed/ expired.

Franchise Fees

Franchisee fee is recognised on accrual basis over the period of the relevant franchise agreement.

Interest income

Interest income is calculated by applying the effective interest rate to the gross carrying amount of the fainancial assets except when the financial asset is credit-impaired in which case the effective interest rate is applied to the amortised cost of the financial asset. Effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset to that asset's gross carrying amount on initial recognition.

Dividend income

Dividend income is recognised when the Company's right to receive the payment has been established.

iii) Property, Plant & Equipment:

Property, Plant & Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are tangible items that are held for use in the production or supply of goods and services, rental to others or for administrative purposes and are expected to be used during more than one period. The cost of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognised as an asset if and only, if it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. Freehold land is carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses if any. All other items of property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. Cost of an item of property, plant and equipment comprises:

• Its purchase price, all costs including financial costs till commencement of commercial production are capitalized to the cost of qualifying assets. GST/Tax credit, if any, are accounted for by reducing the cost of capital goods;

• Any other costs directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management.

All other repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred. Capital Work-in-progress

Capital work in progress is stated at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable borrowing cost and net of accumulated impairment losses, if any. All the direct expenditure related to implementation including incidental expenditure incurred during the period of implementation of a project, till it is ready for use in intended manner is accounted as Capital work in progress (CWIP) and after commissioning the same is transferred / allocated to the respective item of property, plant and equipment. Pre-operating costs, being indirect in nature, are expensed to the profit or loss as and when incurred.

Derecognition of Property, Plant and Equipment:

The carrying amount of an item of property, plant and equipment is derecognized on disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. The gain or loss from the derecognition of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognised in the profit or loss account when the item is derecognized.

iv) Depreciation on Property, Plant & Equipment:

Depreciation is provided on straight line method for property, plant and equipment so as to expense the cost over their estimated useful lives based on evaluation which are as indicated in Schedule II to Companies Act,2013. The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

The estimated useful lives are mentioned below:

Nature of Assets

Useful life (in Years)

Buildings

30/9

Computer

6

Furniture & Fixtures

10

Office Equipments

5

Plant & Machinery

15

Vehicle

8

Intangible Assets

6

v) Intangible Assets and Amortization:

Intangible assets purchased are measured at cost or fair value as on the date of acquisition, as applicable, less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment, if any.

Intangible assets are amortised on a straight line basis over their estimated useful lives, commencing from the date the asset is available to the Company for its intended use.

Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Internally generated intangible assets, excluding capitalised development costs, are not capitalised and expenditure is reflected in the profit or loss in the year in which the expenditure is incurred.

The estimated useful life of the intangible assets and the amortisation period are reviewed at the end of each financial year and the amortisation period is revised to reflect the changed pattern, if any

vi) Impairment of Property, Plant & Equipment and intangible assets :

At the end of each reporting period, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its Property, Plant & Equipment and intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any). When it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs. When a reasonable and consistent basis of allocation can be identified, corporate assets are also allocated to individual cash-generating units, or otherwise they are allocated to the smallest group of cash-generating units for which a reasonable and consistent allocation basis can be identified.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives and intangible assets not yet available for use are tested for impairment at least annually, and whenever there is an indication that the asset may be impaired.

Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.

Carrying amount equals to cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses recognised previously.

If the recoverable amount of an asset (or cash-generating unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss.

vii) Borrowing Costs:

Interest and other costs that the Company incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds are identified as borrowing costs. The Company capitalises borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset as part of the cost of that asset. Other borrowing costs are recognised as an expense in the period in which it is incurred. A qualifying asset is an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use. The Company identifies the borrowings into specific borrowings and general borrowings. Specific borrowings are borrowings that are specifically taken for the purpose of obtaining a qualifying asset. General borrowings include all other borrowings except the amount outstanding as on the balance sheet date of specific borrowings for assets that are not yet ready for use. Borrowing cost incurred actually on specific borrowings are capitalised to the cost of the qualifying asset. For general borrowings, the Company determines the amount of borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation by applying a capitalisation rate to the expenditures on the qualifying asset based on the weighted average of the borrowing costs applicable to general borrowings. The capitalisation on borrowing costs commences when the Company incurs expenditure for the asset, incurs borrowing cost and undertakes activities that are necessary to prepare the asset for its intended use or sale. The capitalisation of borrowing costs is suspended during extended periods in which active development of a qualifying asset is suspended. The capitalisation of borrowing costs ceases when substantially all the activities necessary to prepare the qualifying asset for its intended use or sale are complete.

viii) Inventories:

Raw Materials, Packing Materials, Stores and Spares

Raw Materials, Packing Materials, Stores & Spares and consumables are valued at lower of cost (net of refundable taxes and duties) and net realisable value. Inventories are not written down below cost if the related finished products are expectsed to be sold at or above cost. Cost is determined of First-In-First-Out basis and includes all cost incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.

Finished Goods and Work-in-progress

Work-in-progress and finished goods are valued at lower of cost and net realisatble value. Cost includes direct material and labour and a proportion of manufacturing overheads based on normal operating capacity. Cost in respect of Finished Goods and Work-1 n-progress are computed on Weighted Average Basis Method. Net Realizable Value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and estimated costs necessary to make the sale. Obsolete, slow moving and defective inventories are identified and provision made wherever necessary.

Stock in Trade

Stock in Trade is valued at lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost is determined on FIFO basis.

ix) Leases:

The Company assesses at contract inception whether a contract is, or contains, a lease. That is, if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

Company as a Lessee:

The Company applies a single recognition and measurement approach for all leases. The Company recognises lease liabilities to make lease payments and right-of-use assets representing the right to use the underlying assets.

a-Right-of-use Assets

The Company recognises right-of-use assets at the commencement date of the lease (i.e., the date the underlying asset is available for use). Right-of-use assets are measured at cost, less any accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, and adjusted for any remeasurement of lease liabilities. The cost of right-of-use assets includes the amount of lease liabilities recognised, initial direct costs incurred, and lease payments made at or before the commencement date less any lease incentives received. Right-of-use assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term and the estimated useful lives of the assets. If ownership of the leased asset transfers to the Company at the end of the lease term or the cost reflects the exercise of a purchase option, depreciation is calculated using the estimated useful life of the asset. The right-of-use assets are also subject to impairment.

b-Lease Liabilities

At the commencement date of the lease, the Company recognises lease liabilities measured at the present value of lease payments to be made over the lease term. The lease payments include fixed payments (including insubstance fixed payments) less any lease incentives receivable, variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, and amounts expected to be paid under residual value guarantees. The lease payments also include the exercise price of a purchase option reasonably certain to be exercised by the Company and payments of penalties for terminating the lease, if the lease term reflects the Company exercising the option to terminate. Variable lease payments that do not depend on an index or a rate are recognised as expenses (unless they are incurred to produce inventories) in the period in which the event or condition that triggers the payment occurs.

In calculating the present value of lease payments, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate at the lease commencement date because the interest rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable. After the commencement date, the amount of lease liabilities is increased to reflect the accretion of interest and reduced for the lease payments made. In addition, the carrying amount of lease liabilities is remeasured if there is a modification, a change in the lease term, a change in the lease payments (e.g., changes to future payments resulting from a change in an index or rate used to determine such lease payments) or a change in the assessment of an option to purchase the underlying asset. The Company's lease liabilities are included in Other non-current financial liabilities.

c-Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets

The Company has elected not to recognise right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short term lease that have a lease term of 12 months or less and leases of low-value assets. The Company recognises the lease payments associated with

these leases on straight line basis as per the terms of the lease, x) Financial Instruments:

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.

Financial Assets

a. Initial recognition and measurement

All financial assets except trade receivables are initially measured at fair value. Fair value is adjusted for transaction costs if the financial asset or financial liability is not classified as subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss. Trade receivables are initially measured at transaction price.

b. Subsequent measurement

For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified in following categories:

i) Financial assets measured at amortised cost;

ii) Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL) and

iii) Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI).

The Company classifies its financial assets in the above mentioned categories based on:

a) The Company's business model for managing the financial assets, and

b) The contractual cash flows characteristics of the financial asset.

i) Financial assets measured at amortised cost:

A financial asset is measured at amortised cost if both of the following conditions are met:

a) A financial asset is measured at amortised cost if the financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and the Contractual terms of the financial assets give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.

b) Financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate (EIR) method. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included in finance income in the profit or loss. The losses arising from impairment are recognised in the profit or loss.

ii) Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL):

Financial assets are measured at fair value through profit and loss unless it is measured at amortised cost or at fair value through other comprehensive income on initial recognition. The transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are immediately recognized in profit or loss.

c. Derecognition

The Company derecognizes a financial asset when contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or when it transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another party.

On derecognition of a financial asset in its entirety, the difference between the assets's carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and receivable is recognized in the profit or loss.

d. Impairment

The company assesses at the end of each reporting period whether a financial assets or group of financial assets is impaired. In accordance of Ind AS 109, the Company applies expected credit losses (ECL) model for recognition and measurement of loss allowance on the following:

i. Trade receivables,

ii. Financial assets measured at amortized cost (other than trade receivables and lease receivables),

iii. Financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI).

ECL is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract

and all the cash flows that the entity expects to receive (i.e., all cash shortfalls), discounted at the original effective interest rate.

In case of trade receivables, the Company follows a simplified approach wherein an amount equal to lifetime ECL is measured and recognized as loss allowance. As a practical expedient, the Company uses a provision matrix to measure lifetime ECL on its portfolio of trade receivables.

In case of other assets (listed as ii and iii above), the Company determines if there has been a significant increase in credit risk of the financial asset since initial recognition. If the credit risk of such assets has not increased significantly, an amount equal to 12-month ECL is measured and recognized as loss allowance. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, an amount equal to lifetime ECL is measured and recognized as loss allowance.

Subsequently, if the credit quality of the financial asset improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, the Company reverts to recognizing impairment loss allowance based on 12-month ECL

Lifetime ECL are the expected credit losses resulting from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial asset. 12-month ECL are a portion of the lifetime ECL which result from default events that are possible within 12 months from the reporting date.ECL impairment loss allowance (or reversal) recognized during the period is recognized as income/ expense in the profit or loss under the head 'Other expenses'.

ECL are measured in a manner that they reflect unbiased and probability weighted amounts determined by a range of outcomes, taking into account the time value of money and other reasonable information available as a result of past events, current conditions and forecasts of future economic conditions.

Financial Liabilities

a. Initial recognition and measurement

All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

The company's financial liabilities include trade and other payables, loans and borrowings including bank overdrafts.

b. Subsequent measurement

The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:

i) Financial liabilities measured at amortised cost.

ii) Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss.

i) Financial liabilities measured at amortised cost:

All financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost. Any discount or premium on redemption/ settlement is recognised in the profit or loss as finance cost over the life of the liability using the effective interest method and adjusted to the liability figure disclosed in the Balance Sheet.

ii) Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL):

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term. Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the profit or loss.

c. Derecognition

Financial liabilities are derecognised when the liability is extinguished, that is, when the contractual obligation is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the profit or loss.

xi) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits with banks. Cash equivalents are short-term balances (with an origi-

nal maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition), which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

For the purpose of the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and short-term deposits, as defined above, net of outstanding bank overdrafts as they are considered an integral part of the Company's cash management.

xii) Employee benefits Shortterm employee benefits

Short Term benefits are recognised as an expense at the undiscounted amounts in the profit or loss of the year in which the related service is rendered.

Post employment benefits

a. Defined contribution plans

The Employee and Company make monthly fixed Contribution to Government of India Employee's Provident Fund equal to a specified percentage of the employees' salary, Provision for the same is made in the year in which service are rendered by employee.

b. Defined benefit plans

The Liability for Gratuity to employees, which is a defined benefit plan, as at Balance Sheet date determined on the basis of actuarial Valuation based on Projected Unit Credit method.

The present value of the defined benefit obligations is determined by discounting the estimated future cash flows by reference to market yields at the end of the reporting period on government bonds that have terms approximating to the terms of the related obligation. The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets. This cost is included in employee benefit expenses in the profit or loss.

Remeasurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognized in the period in which they occur, directly in other comprehensive income. They are included in retained earnings in the statement of changes in equity and in balance sheet. Changes in present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendment or curtailments are recognized immediately in the profit or loss as past service cost.

xiii) Income Taxes:

Income tax expense represents the sum of tax currently payable and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in profit or loss except to the extent that it relates to items recognised directly in equity or in other comprehensive income.

Current tax

Current tax is determined on income for the year chargeable to tax on the basis of the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the reporting period. Current tax items are recognised in correlation to the underlying transaction either in profit or loss or in OCI or directly in equity. The Company has provided for the tax liability based on the significant judgment that the taxation authority will accept the tax treatment.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the balance sheet and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences, unabsorbed losses and tax credits to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences, unabsorbed losses and tax credits will be utilised. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is expected to be settled or the asset realised, based on tax rates and tax laws that have been substantively enacted by the balance sheet date. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and when they relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority and the Company intends to settle its current tax assets and liabilities on a net basis.

xiv) Provisions:

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that the Company will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.

The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of the time value of money is material).

xv) Earnings per equity share:

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the profit or loss for the period attributable to the equity holders of the Company by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year. For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

xvi) GST:

GST credit on materials purchased for production / service availed for production / input service are taken into account at the time of purchase and GST credit on purchase of capital items wherever applicable are taken into account as and when the assets are acquired.

The GST credits so taken are utilized for payment of GST on goods sold. The unutilized GST credit is carried forward in the books.

(xvii) Statement of Cash flows

Cash flow from operating activities are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit / (loss) before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of non cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated based on the available information.

(xviii) Operating cycle

The Operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realization in cash and cash equivalents. The Company has identified twelve months as its operating cycle. Accordingly, all assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company's operating cycle and other criteria set out in Ind AS 1-'Presentation of Financial Statements' and Schedule III to the Companies Act,2013.

4.2. Recent Accounting pronuncement:

Ministry of Corporate Affairs ("MCA") notifies new standards or amendments to the existing standards under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. For the year ended March 31, 2025, MCA has notified Ind AS -117 Insurance Contracts and amendments to Ind AS 116 - Leases, relating to sale and leaseback transactions, applicable to the Company w.e.f. April 1, 2024. The Company has reviewed the new pronouncements and based on its evaluation has determined that it does not have any significant impact in its financial statements.

4.3. Standards issued but not yet effective:

(a) The MCA notified Ind AS 117 on 9 September 2024 to be applicable from 1 April 2024. However, the same was withdrawn vide notification dated 28 September 2024 wherein the applicability of Ind AS 117 was made subject to notification of IRDAI. IRDAI has not notified Ind AS 117. Therefore, as of now, Ind AS 117 has been issued but from when it will be applicable is uncertain. The company is evaluating the impact of the amendment to Ind AS 21 on its balance sheet, statement of profit and loss and statement of cash flows.

(b) Ministry of Corporate Affairs vide its notification no. G.S.R. 291(E) dated 7th May 2025 has issued an amendment to Ind AS 21 providing guidance on determining exchange rate in case of lack of exchangeability. The amendment is effective from 1 April 2025. In accordance with the amendment to Ind AS 21 - Lack of Exchangeability, the Company is required to estimate the exchange rate using the most reliable inputs available. The company is evaluating the impact of the amendment to Ind AS 21 on its balance sheet, statement of profit and loss and statement of cash flows.