1. Corporate information

eClerx Services Limited (the “Company”) (CIN: L72200MH2000PLC125319) provides critical business operations services to global Fortune 500 clients, including several of the world’s leading companies across financial services, cable and telecommunications, retail, fashion, media & entertainment, manufacturing, travel and leisure, software and high-tech. The Company provides innovative business process management, change management, data-driven insights, advanced analytics powered by subject matter experts and smart automation. The Company is a public limited company incorporated and domiciled in India and has its registered office at Sonawala Building, 1^st floor, 29 Bank Street, Fort, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

The standalone financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2024 were approved for issue in accordance with a resolution of the board of directors on May 16, 2024.

2. A. Material accounting policies 2.1 Basis of preparation

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (“Ind AS”) notified under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015, as amended from time to time and presentation requirements of Division II of Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013, (Ind AS compliant Schedule III), as applicable to the Company’s financial statements.

The financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for the following assets and liabilities which have been measured at fair value :

• Derivative financial instruments

• Certain financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value (refer accounting policy regarding financial instruments)

• Share based payments

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current and non-current as per the Company’s normal operating cycle. Based on the nature of services rendered to customers and time elapsed between deployment of resources and the realisation in cash and cash equivalents of the consideration for such services rendered, the Company has considered an operating cycle of 12 months.

The standalone financial statements are presented in “Rs.” and all values are stated Rs. in million, except when otherwise indicated.

Accounting policies have been consistently applied except where a newly issued accounting standard is initially adopted or a revision to an existing accounting standard requires a change in the accounting policy hitherto in use.

2.2. Summary of material accounting policies

a. Foreign currencies

The Company’s financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (“Rs.”), which is also the Company’s functional currency.

Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded by the Company in its functional currency using spot rates at the date the transaction first qualifies for recognition. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at exchange rates at the reporting date.

Exchange differences arising on settlement or translation of monetary items are recognised in profit or loss.

b. Fair value measurement

The Company measures financial instruments such as derivatives and certain investments, at fair value at each balance sheet date.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

• In the principal market for the asset or liability or,

• In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.

The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company.

The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants

would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their best economic interest.

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant's ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.

The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

• Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

• Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable

• Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable”

For assets and liabilities that are recognised in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorisation (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Company has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the nature, characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above.

This note summarises accounting policy for fair value. Other fair value related disclosures are given in the relevant notes.

c. Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognised upon transfer of control of promised products or services to

the customers in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those products or services.

Arrangement with customers for services rendered by the Company are either on time and material or on fixed price basis. Revenue from contracts on time-and-material basis is recognised as the related services are performed. Revenue from fixed-price contracts where the performance obligations are satisfied over time and where there is no uncertainty as to measurement or collectability of consideration, is recognised as per the percentage-of-completion method. Efforts expended have been used to measure progress towards completion as there is a direct relationship between input and productivity. When there is uncertainty as to measurement or ultimate collectability, revenue recognition is postponed until such uncertainty is resolved. Revenue from maintenance contracts are recognised on pro-rata basis over the period of the contract.

Revenue is measured based on the transaction price, which is the consideration, adjusted for volume discounts and other variable considerations, if any, as specified in the contracts with the customers.

Contract modifications are accounted for when additions, deletions or changes are approved either to the contract scope or contract price. The accounting for modifications of contracts involves assessing whether the services added to an existing contract are distinct and whether the pricing is at the standalone selling price. Services added that are not distinct are accounted for on a cumulative catch up basis, while those that are distinct are accounted for prospectively, either as a separate contract, if the additional services are priced at the standalone selling price, or as a termination of the existing contract and creation of a new contract if not priced at the standalone selling price.

The Company presents revenue net of indirect taxes in its standalone statement of profit and loss.

Revenue in excess of billing is classified as contract asset i.e. unbilled revenue while billing in excess of revenue is classified as contract liability i.e. deferred revenue.Contract assets are classified as unbilled receivables when there is unconditional right to receive

cash, and only passage of time is required, as per contractual terms. Unbilled Revenues are classified as non-financial asset if the contractual right to consideration is dependent on completion of contractual milestones.

The billing schedules agreed with customers include periodic performance based payments and / or milestone based progress payments. Invoices are payable within the contractually agreed period.

Deferred contract costs are incremental costs of obtaining a contract which are recognised as assets and amortized over the benefit period.

Interest Income

For all financial instruments measured at amortised cost, interest income is recorded using the effective interest rate (“EIR”), which is the rate that exactly discounts the estimated future cash payments or receipts through the expected life of the financial instrument or a shorter period, where appropriate, to the gross carrying amount of the financial asset. When calculating the effective interest rate, the Company estimates the expected cash flows by considering all the contractual terms of the financial instrument but does not consider the expected credit losses.

Dividends

Dividend income is recognised when Company’s right to receive dividend is established by the reporting date.

Government Grants

Government grants are recognised when there is reasonable assurance that grant will be received and all attached conditions will be complied with.

d. TaxesCurrent income tax

Current income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted, at the reporting date in India where the Company operates and generates taxable income.

Current income tax relating to items recognised outside profit or loss is recognised outside profit or loss (either in Other comprehensive income (“OCI”) or in equity). Current tax items

are recognised in correlation to the underlying transaction either in OCI or directly in equity. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate. Significant judgments are involved in determining the provision for income taxes, including amount expected to be paid / recovered for uncertain tax positions. Also, refer to Notes 30.c and 40.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all taxable temporary differences, except:

• When the deferred tax liability arises from an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss and does not give rise to equal taxable and deductible temporary differences.

• In respect of taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries when the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences can be controlled and it is probable that the temporary differences will not reverse in the foreseeable future.

• Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised, except:

• When the deferred tax asset relating to the deductible temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilised. Unrecognised deferred tax assets are re-assessed at each reporting date and are

recognised to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realised or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

Deferred tax relating to items recognised outside profit or loss is recognised outside profit or loss (either in OCI or in equity). Deferred tax items are recognised in correlation to the underlying transaction either in OCI or directly in equity.

Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred taxes relate to the same taxable entity and the same taxation authority.

e. Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment (“PPE”) are stated at the cost of acquisition including incidental costs related to acquisition and installation less accumulated depreciation and impairment loss, if any.

Advances paid towards acquisition of property, plant and equipment are disclosed as capital advances under other non - current assets.

Capital work-in-progress includes cost of property, plant and equipment under installation/ under development as at the balance sheet date and are carried at cost, comprising of direct cost and directly attributable cost.

Gains or losses arising from disposal of property, plant and equipment are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognised in the statement of profit and loss when the asset is disposed.

The Company provides depreciation on property, plant and equipment (other than leasehold improvements) using the Written Down Value method. The rates of depreciation are arrived at, based on useful lives estimated by the management as follows:

The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

f. Intangible assets

Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed as either finite or indefinite. There are no intangible assets assessed with indefinite useful life.

Intangible assets with finite lives are amortised over the useful economic life and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. The amortisation period and the amortisation method for an intangible asset with a finite useful life are reviewed at least at the end of each reporting period. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits embodied in the asset are considered to modify the amortisation period or method, as appropriate, and are treated as changes in accounting estimates. The amortisation expense on intangible assets with finite lives is recognised in the statement of profit and loss unless such expenditure forms part of carrying value of another asset.

Gain or losses arising from the derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognised in the statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognised.

Intangible assets are amortised on straightline basis as follows:

g. Research and development expenses for software product

Research expenses for software product are expensed as incurred. Software product development cost are expensed as incurred unless technical feasibility of project is established, further economic benefit are probable, the Company has an intention and ability to complete and use or sell the software and the cost can be measured reliably. The cost which can be captialised include the cost of material, direct labor and overhead cost that are directly attributable to preparing the asset for its intended use.

h. LeasesThe Company as lessee

The determination of whether an arrangement is, or contains, a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at the inception date. The arrangement is, or contains a lease if, fulfilment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets or the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset or assets, even if that right is not explicitly specified in an arrangement.

The Company recognises right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability for all lease arrangements in which the Company is a lessee, except for a short term lease of 12 months or less and leases of lowvalue assets. For short term lease and low-value asset arrangements, the Company recognises the lease payments as an rent expense on straight-line basis over the lease term.

Certain lease arrangements include the options to extend or terminate the lease before the end of the lease arrangement. Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are measured according to such options when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise these options.

The right-of-use asset are recognised at the inception of the lease arrangement at the amount of the initial measurement of lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date of lease arrangement reduced by any lease incentives received, added by initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to be incurred by the Company in dismantling and removing the underlying asset or restoring the underlying asset or site on which it is located. The right-of-use assets are depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date over the shorter of lease term or useful life of right-of-use asset. Estimated useful life of right-of-use assets is

determined on the basis of useful life of property, plant and equipment. Right-of-use assets are tested for impairment whenever there is an indication that their carrying value may not be recoverable. Impairment loss, if any is recognised in the statement of profit and loss account.

The lease liability is measured at amortized cost, at the present value of the future lease payments. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease arrangement or, if not readily determinable, at the incremental borrowing rate in the country of domicile of such leases. Lease liabilities are remeasured with corresponding adjustments to right-of-use assets to reflect any reassessment or lease modifications.

i. Impairment of non-financial assets

The Company assesses, at each reporting date, whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates the asset’s recoverable amount. An asset’s recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s or cash generating unit’s (“CGU”) fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. Recoverable amount is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash flows that are largely independent of those from other assets or group of assets. When the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount.

In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining fair value less costs of disposal, recent market transactions are taken into account. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used. These calculations are corroborated by valuation multiples, quoted share prices for publicly traded companies or other available fair value indicators. The Company bases its impairment calculation on detailed budgets and forecast calculations, which are prepared separately for each of the Company’s CGUs to which the individual assets are allocated.

For assets excluding goodwill, an assessment is made at each reporting date to determine whether there is an indication that previously recognised impairment losses no longer exists or have decreased. If such indication exists, the Company estimates the asset's or CGU's recoverable amount. A previously recognised impairment loss is reversed only if there has been a change in the assumptions used to determine the asset's recoverable

amount since the last impairment loss was recognised. The reversal is limited so that the carrying amount of the asset does not exceed its recoverable amount, nor exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

j. Provisions and contingencies

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. When the Company expects some or all of a provision to be reimbursed, the reimbursement is recognised as a separate asset, but only when the reimbursement is virtually certain. The expense relating to a provision is presented in the statement of profit and loss net of any reimbursement.

If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost.

Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made. Contingent liabilities are disclosed in the notes.

k. Retirement and other employee benefits Provident Fund

Retirement benefit in the form of provident fund is a defined contribution scheme. Both the employee and the employer make monthly contributions to the plan at a predetermined rate of the employees' basic salary. These contributions are made to the fund administered and managed by the Government of India. The Company recognises contribution payable to the provident fund

scheme as an expense, when an employee renders the related service. The Company has no further obligations under these plans beyond its monthly contributions.

Defined benefit plan

Gratuity

The Company operates a defined benefit gratuity plan, which requires contributions to be made to a separately administered fund with the insurance service provider. The cost of providing benefits under the defined benefit plan is determined using the projected unit credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at periodic intervals.

Re-measurements, comprising of actuarial gains and losses and the return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability), are recognised immediately in the balance sheet with a corresponding charge or credit to retained earnings through OCI in the period in which they occur. Re-measurements are not reclassified to statement of profit and loss in subsequent periods.

Past service costs are recognised in profit or loss on the earlier of:

• The date of the plan amendment or curtailment, and

• The date that the Company recognises related restructuring costs

Net interest is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined benefit liability or asset. The Company recognises the following changes in the net defined benefit obligation as an expense in the statement of profit and loss:

• Service costs comprising current service costs; and

• Net interest expense or income

Compensated Absences

Accumulated leave, which is expected to be utilised within the next 12 months, is treated as short-term employee benefit. The Company measures the expected cost of such absences as the additional amount that it expects to pay as a result of the unused entitlement that has accumulated at the reporting date. The Company treats accumulated leave expected to be carried forward beyond twelve months, as long-term employee benefit for measurement

purposes. Such long-term compensated absences are provided for based on the actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method at the year-end. The Company treats the entire leave as current liability in the balance sheet, since it does not have an unconditional right to defer its settlement for 12 months after the reporting date.

The Code on Social Security, 2020 relating to employee benefits during the employment and post- employment benefits received President’s assent on September 28, 2020. The Code has been published in the Gazette of India. However, the date on which the Code will come into effect has not been notified. The Company will assess and record the impact of the Code, if any, when it becomes effective.

l. Share - based payments

Employees of the Company receive remuneration in the form of share-based payments, whereby employees render services as consideration for equity instruments (equity-settled transactions).

The cost of equity-settled transactions is determined by the fair value at the date when the grant is made using an appropriate valuation model. The cost is recognised, together with a corresponding increase in share-based payment (“SBP”) reserves in equity, over the period in which the performance and/or service conditions are fulfilled in employee benefits expense. The cumulative expense recognised for equity-settled transactions at each reporting date until the vesting date reflects the extent to which the vesting period has expired and the Company’s best estimate of the number of equity instruments that will ultimately vest. The statement of profit and loss expense or credit for a period represents the movement in cumulative expense recognised as at the beginning and end of that period and is recognised in employee benefits expense.

m. Financial instruments

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity. The Company recognises a financial asset or a liability in its balance sheet only when the entity becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

Financial assetsInitial recognition and measurement

All financial assets are recognised initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets

not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset, except trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component or for which the Company has applied the practical expedient are measured at the transaction price determined under Ind AS 115. The Company has accounted for its investment in subsidiaries at cost, less impairment, if any.“

Subsequent measurement

For purposes of subsequent measurement financial assets are classified into three categories:

• Financial assets at fair value through OCI

• Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

• Financial assets at amortised cost

Where assets are measured at fair value, gains and losses are either recognised entirely in the statement of profit and loss (i.e. fair value through profit or loss), or recognised in other comprehensive income (i.e. fair value through other comprehensive income).

A financial asset that meets the following two conditions is measured at amortised cost (net of any write down for impairment) unless the asset is designated at fair value through profit or loss (“FVTPL”) under the fair value option.

• Business model test: The objective of the Company's business model is to hold the financial asset to collect the contractual cash flows (rather than to sell the instrument prior to its contractual maturity to realise its fair value changes).

• Cash flow characteristics test: The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (“SPPI”) on the principal amount outstanding.

This category is the most relevant to the Company. After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate (“EIR”) method. The EIR amortisation is included in finance income in the profit or loss. The losses arising from impairment are recognised in the profit or loss.

A financial asset is classified as at the Financial assets measured at Fair value through other comprehensive income (“FVTOCI”) if both of the following criteria are met:

• The objective of the business model is achieved both by collecting contractual cash flows and selling the financial assets, and

• The asset’s contractual cash flows represent SPPI.

A financial asset included within the FVTOCI category are measured initially as well as at each reporting date at fair value. Fair value movements are recognised in the OCI. On derecognition of the asset, cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from the equity to P&L.

FVTPL is a residual category for financial assets. Any instrument, which does not meet the criteria for categorization as at amortized cost or as FVTOCI, is classified as at FVTPL. In addition, the Company may elect to designate a financial asset, which otherwise meets amortized cost or FVTOCI criteria, as at FVTPL. However, such election is allowed only if doing so reduces or eliminates a measurement or recognition inconsistency (referred to as ‘accounting mismatch’).

Financial assets included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognised in the P&L.

Derecognition

A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a group of similar financial assets) is primarily derecognised (i.e. removed from the Company’s statement of financial position) when:

• The rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired, or

• The Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a ‘pass-through’ arrangements and either (a) the Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) the Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.

When the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from an asset or has entered into a pass-through arrangement, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset, nor transferred control of the asset, the Company continues to

recognise the transferred asset to the extent of the Company’s continuing involvement. In that case, the Company also recognises an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.

Continuing involvement that takes the form of a guarantee over the transferred asset is measured at the lower of the original carrying amount of the asset and the maximum amount of consideration that the Company could be required to repay.

Impairment of financial assets

The Company assesses impairment based on expected credit losses (“ECL”) model to the following:

• Financial assets measured at amortised cost; and

• Financial assets measured at FVTOCI”

Expected credit losses (“ECL”) are measured through a loss allowance at an amount equal to:

• the 12-month expected credit losses (expected credit losses that result from those default events on the financial instrument that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date); or

• full lifetime expected credit losses (expected credit losses that result from all possible default events over the life of the financial instrument).”

For trade receivables or contract revenue receivables, the Company follows ‘simplified approach’ for recognition of impairment loss allowance.

Under the simplified approach, the Company does not track changes in credit risk. Rather, it recognises impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition.

As a practical expedient, the Company uses a provision matrix to determine impairment loss allowance on the portfolio of trade receivables. The provision matrix is based on its historically observed default rates over the expected life of the trade receivable and is adjusted for forward looking estimates. At every reporting date, the historical observed default rates are updated and changes in the forward-looking estimates are analysed.

For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the

Company determines that whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12-month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If, in a subsequent period, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, then the Company reverts to recognising impairment loss allowance based on 12-month ECL.

For assessing increase in credit risk and impairment loss, the Company combines financial instruments on the basis of shared credit risk characteristics with the objective of facilitating an analysis that is designed to enable significant increases in credit risk to be identified on a timely basis.

Financial liabilitiesInitial recognition and measurement

Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, payables, or derivatives as appropriate or as derivatives designated as hedging instruments in an effective hedge as appropriate. All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value and, in the case of payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.

Subsequent measurement

The Company measures all financial liabilities at amortised cost using the Effective Interest Rate (“EIR”) method except for financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. Financial liabilities held for trading are measured at fair value through profit and loss. The Company has not designated any financial liability as at fair value through profit or loss.

Derecognition

A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires.

Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet if there is a current enforceable legal right

to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

n. Derivative financial instruments and hedge accountingInitial recognition and subsequent measurement

The Company enters into derivative contracts to hedge foreign currency/price risk on highly probable forecast transactions. Such derivative financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value on the date on which a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently remeasured at fair value. Derivatives are carried as financial assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is negative.

Any gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of derivatives are recorded in the statement of profit or loss, except for the effective portion of cash flow hedges, which is recognised in other comprehensive income (“OCI”) and later reclassified to profit or loss when the hedge item affects profit or loss.

At the inception of a hedge relationship, the Company formally designates and documents the hedge relationship to which the Company wishes to apply hedge accounting and the risk management objective and strategy for undertaking the hedge. The documentation includes the Company’s risk management objective and strategy for undertaking hedge, the hedging/ economic relationship, the hedged item or transaction, the nature of the risk being hedged, hedge ratio and how the entity will assess the effectiveness of changes in the hedging instrument’s fair value in offsetting the exposure to changes in the hedged item’s cash flows attributable to the hedged risk. Such hedges are expected to be highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in cash flows and are assessed on an ongoing basis to determine that they actually have been highly effective throughout the financial reporting periods for which they were designated.

Hedges that meet the strict criteria for hedge accounting are accounted for, as described below:

Cash flow hedges

The effective portion of the gain or loss on the hedging instrument is recognised in OCI in the cash flow hedge reserve, while any ineffective portion is recognised immediately in the statement of profit and loss.

and final dividend is authorised when it is approved by the shareholders of the Company. A corresponding amount is recognised directly in equity.

r. Earnings per share

The earnings considered in ascertaining the Company's earnings per share comprise the net profit after tax. The number of shares used in computing basic earnings per share are the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year. The number of shares used in computing diluted earnings per share comprises the weighted average number of shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share, and also the weighted average number of shares, if any which would have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares. For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

2.B. Significant accounting judgements, estimates and assumptions

The preparation of the Company’s standalone financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities, and the accompanying disclosures, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities. Uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes that require a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets or liabilities affected in future periods.

The key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the reporting date, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are described below. The Company based its assumptions and estimates on parameters available when the standalone financial statements were prepared. Existing circumstances and assumptions about future developments, however, may change due to market changes or circumstances arising that are beyond the control of the Company. Such changes are reflected in the assumptions when they occur.

a. Revenue recognition

The Company uses the percentage-of-completion method in accounting for its

fixed-price contracts. Use of the percentage-of-completion method requires the Company to estimate the efforts expended to date as a proportion of the total efforts to be expended.

Judgement is also required to determine transaction price for the contract. The transaction price could be either a fixed amount of customer consideration or variable consideration with elements such as volume discounts, service level credits etc. The estimated amount of variable consideration is adjusted in the transaction price only to the extent that it is highly probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognised will not occur and is reassessed at the end of each reporting period.

b. Leases

The Company has entered into commercial property leases for its offices.The Company evaluates if an arrangement qualifies to be a lease as per the requirements of Ind AS 116 'Leases'. Identification of a lease requires significant judgment. The Company uses significant judgement in assessing the lease term and the applicable discount rate. The Company has lease contracts which include extension and termination option and this requires exercise of judgement by the Company in evaluating whether it is reasonably certain whether or not to exercise the option to renew or terminate the lease. The discount rate is generally based on the incremental borrowing rate specific to the lease period.

c. Share - based payments

The Company measures share-based payments and transactions at fair value and recognises over the vesting period using Black Scholes valuation model. Estimating fair value for share-based payment transactions requires determination of the most appropriate valuation model, which is dependent on the terms and conditions of the grant. This estimate also requires determination of the most appropriate inputs to the valuation model including the expected life of the share option, volatility and dividend yield and making assumptions about them. This requires a reassessment of the estimates used at the end of each reporting period. The Company is applying forfeiture rate based on historical trend. The assumptions and models used for estimating fair value for share-based payment transactions are disclosed in note 29.

d. Defined benefit plans (gratuity benefits)

The cost of the defined benefit gratuity plan and the present value of the gratuity obligation

are determined using actuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases and mortality rates. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.

The parameter most subject to change is the discount rate. In determining the appropriate discount rate, the management considers the interest rates of government bonds in currencies consistent with the currencies of the postemployment benefit obligation.

The mortality rate is based on the rates given under Indian Assured Lives Mortality (2006-08) Ultimate. Those mortality tables tend to change only at interval in response to demographic changes. Future salary increases and gratuity increases are based on expected future inflation rates.

Further details about gratuity obligations are given in note 28.

e. Fair value measurement of financial instruments

When the fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities recorded in the balance sheet cannot be measured based on quoted prices in active markets, their fair value is measured using valuation techniques including the discounted cash flow (“DCF”) model. The inputs to these models are taken from observable markets where possible, but where this is not feasible, a degree of judgement is required in establishing fair values. Judgements include considerations of inputs such as liquidity risk, credit risk and volatility. Changes in assumptions about these factors could affect the reported fair value of financial instruments. See note 34 & 35 for further disclosures.

f. Impairment of non-financial assets

Impairment exists when the carrying value of an asset or cash generating unit exceeds its recoverable amount, which is the higher of its fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. The fair value less costs of disposal calculation is based on available data from binding sales transactions, conducted at arm’s length, for similar assets or observable market prices less incremental costs for disposing of the asset. The value in use calculation is based on a DCF model. The cash flows are derived from the projections for the next three to five years and do not include

restructuring activities that the Company is not yet committed to or significant future investments that will enhance the asset’s performance of the CGU being tested. The recoverable amount is sensitive to the discount rate used for the DCF model as well as the expected future cash-inflows and the growth rate used for extrapolation purposes.

g. Impairment of other financial assets

For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets (other than trade receivables or contract revenue receivables) and risk exposure, the Company determines that whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12-month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If, in a subsequent period, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, then the Company reverts to recognising impairment loss allowance based on 12-month ECL.

2.C. New and amended standards

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs has notified Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2023 dated 31 March 2023 to amend the following Ind AS which are effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 April 2023. The Company applied for the first-time these amendments.

(i) Disclosure of Accounting Policies -Amendments to Ind AS 1

The amendments aim to help entities provide accounting policy disclosures that are more useful by replacing the

requirement for entities to disclose their ‘significant’ accounting policies with a requirement to disclose their ‘material’ accounting policies and adding guidance on how entities apply the concept of materiality in making decisions about accounting policy disclosures.

The amendments have had an impact on the Company’s disclosures of accounting policies, but not on the measurement, recognition or presentation of any items in the Company’s financial statements.

(ii) Deferred Tax related to Assets and Liabilities arising from a Single Transaction - Amendments to Ind AS 12

The amendments narrow the scope of the initial recognition exception under Ind AS 12, so that it no longer applies to transactions that give rise to equal taxable and deductible temporary differences such as leases.

The amendments narrow the scope of the initial recognition exception under Ind AS 12, so that it no longer applies to transactions that give rise to equal taxable and deductible temporary differences such as leases.

The Company previously recognised for deferred tax on leases on a net basis. As a result of these amendments, the Company has recognised a separate deferred tax asset in relation to its lease liabilities and a deferred tax liability in relation to its right-of-use assets. Since, these balances qualify for offset as per the requirements of paragraph 74 of Ind AS 12, there is no impact in the balance sheet. There was also no impact on the opening retained earnings as at 1 April 2022.