NOTE 1: MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES:1.1. Basis of preparation of financial statements
(i) Compliance with Ind AS
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards
(hereinafter referred to as the ‘Ind AS’) as notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (‘Act’)
read with the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 as amended and other relevant
provisions of the Act.
These financial statements have been prepared and presented under the historical cost convention,
on the accrual basis of accounting except for certain financial assets and financial liabilities (including
Derivative Instrument) that are measured at fair values and Defined benefit planned assets measured
at fair value at the end of each reporting period, as stated in the accounting policies set out below. The
accounting policies have been applied consistently over all the periods presented in these financial
statements.
These financial statements have been approved for issue by the Board of Directors at its meeting
held on May 26, 2026.
Recent accounting pronouncements
The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (‘MCA’) notifies new standards or amendments to the existing
standards under Companies (Indian Accounting standards) Rules as issued from time to time.
MCA has notified amendments to Ind AS-1 Presentation of Financial Statements (classification of
liabilities as current vs non-current, including liabilities with covenants), Ind AS-21 The Effects of
Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates (Lack of Exchangeability), Ind AS 7 Statement of Cash Flows
and Ind AS 107- Financial Instruments: Disclosures (Supplier Finance Arrangements), effective from
April 1, 2025. The Company has reviewed these amendments and based on its evaluation, has
determined that they do not have any impact on the Company’s Financial Statements.
(ii) Use of estimates and judgments
The estimates and judgments used in the preparation of the financial statements are continuously
evaluated by the Company and are based on historical experience and various other assumptions
and factors (including expectations of future events) that the Company believes to be reasonable
under the existing circumstances. Differences between actual results and estimates are recognized
in the period in which the results are known/materialized.
The said estimates are based on the facts and events, that existed as at the reporting date, or that
occurred after that date but provide additional evidence about conditions existing as at the reporting
date.
(iii) Current / Non- Current Classification
All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company’s normal
operating cycle (not exceeding twelve months) and other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the
Companies Act, 2013.
(iv) Rounding of amounts
All amounts disclosed in the financial statements and notes have been rounded off to the nearest
lacs as per the requirement of Schedule III, unless otherwise stated.
1.2. Property, Plant and Equipment
Freehold land is carried at historical cost. All other items of property, plant and equipment are stated
at cost less depreciation and impairment, if any. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly
attributable to the acquisition of the items.
The Company identifies and determines cost of each part of an item of property, plant and equipment
separately, if the part has a cost which is significant to the total cost of that item of property, plant and
equipment and has useful life that is materially different from that of the remaining item.
The cost of an item of property, plant and equipment comprises of its purchase price including import
duties and other non refundable purchase taxes or levies, directly attributable cost of bringing the asset
to its working condition for its intended use and the initial estimate of decommissioning, restoration and
similar liabilities, if any. Any trade discounts and rebates are deducted in arriving at the purchase price.
Cost includes cost of replacing a part of a plant and equipment if the recognition criteria are met. Expenses
directly attributable to new manufacturing facility during its construction period are capitalized if the
recognition criteria are met. Expenditure related to plans, designs and drawings of buildings or plant and
machinery is capitalized under relevant heads of property, plant and equipment if the recognition criteria
are met.
Capital work-in-progress and Capital advances
Cost of assets not ready for intended use, as on the Balance Sheet date, is shown as capital work in progress.
Advances given towards acquisition of fixed assets outstanding at each Balance Sheet date are disclosed
as Other Non-Current Assets.
Depreciation
Depreciation on each part of an item of property, plant and equipment is provided using the Straight
Line Method based on the useful life of the asset as estimated by the management and is charged to
the Statement of Profit and Loss as per the requirement of Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013. The
estimate of the useful life of the assets is determined as prescribed in Schedule II of Companies Act, 2013.
The residual values are not more than 5% of the original cost of the asset. The assets residual values and
useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period.
Derecognition
The carrying amount of an item of property, plant and equipment is derecognized on disposal or when
no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. The gain or loss arising from the
Derecognition of an item of property, plant and equipment is measured as the difference between the
net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the item and is recognized in the Statement of Profit
and Loss when the item is derecognized.
1.3. Intangible Assets
Intangible assets are initially recognized at cost. Intangible assets are recognized when it is probable that
the future economic benefits that are attributable to the assets will flow to the Company and the cost of
the asset can be measured reliably.
Amortization
Intangible Assets with finite lives are amortized on a Straight Line basis over the estimated useful economic
life. The amortization expense on intangible assets with finite lives is recognized in the Statement of Profit
and Loss. The estimated useful life of intangible assets is mentioned below:
Computer Software 5 - 6 Years
Licenses & Commercial Rights 12 Years
Trade Mark 10 Years
The amortization period and the amortization method for an intangible asset with finite useful life is
reviewed at the end of each financial year. If any of these expectations differ from previous estimates, such
change is accounted for as a change in an accounting estimate.
Derecognition
The carrying amount of an intangible asset is derecognized on disposal or when no future economic
benefits are expected from its use or disposal. The gain or loss arising from the Derecognition of an
intangible asset is measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying
amount of the intangible asset and is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is
derecognized.
1.4. Investment Property
Properties that are held for long-term rental yields or for capital appreciation or both, and that are not
occupied by the company, are classified as Investment Property. These are measured initially at cost,
including transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, investment properties are stated at cost less
accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment loss, if any. Subsequent expenditure related to
investment properties are added to its book value only when it is probable that future economic benefits
associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably.
Investment properties are depreciated using the Straight-Line Method on the useful life of the asset as
estimated by the management and is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss as per the requirement
of Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013. The estimate of the useful life of the assets is determined as
prescribed in Schedule II of Companies Act, 2013.
1.5. Impairment
Assets that are subject to depreciation are reviewed for impairment, whenever events or changes in
circumstances indicate that carrying amount may not be recoverable. Such circumstances include,
though are not limited to, significant or sustained decline in revenues or earnings and material adverse
changes in the economic environment.
An impairment loss is recognized whenever the carrying amount of an asset or its cash generating unit
(CGU) exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount of an asset is the greater of its fair value
less cost to sell and value in use. To calculate value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted
to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market rates and the risk specific
to the asset. For an asset that does not generate largely independent cash inflows, the recoverable amount
is determined for the CGU to which the asset belongs. Fair value less cost to sell is the best estimate of
the amount obtainable from the sale of an asset in an arm’s length transaction between knowledgeable,
willing parties, less the cost of disposal.
Impairment losses, if any, are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss and included in depreciation
and amortization expense. Impairment losses are reversed in the Statement of Profit and Loss only to
the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been
determined if no impairment loss had previously been recognized.
1.6. Lease
The Company as lessee
At inception of a contract, the Company assesses whether a contract is or contains a lease. A contract is,
or contains, a lease if a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of
time in exchange for consideration. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an
identified asset, the Company assesses whether:
- the contract conveys the right to use an identified asset;
- the Company has the right to obtain substantially all the economic benefits from use of the asset
throughout the period of use; and
- the Company has the right to direct the use of the identified asset.
At the date of commencement of a lease, the Company recognizes a right-of-use asset ("ROU assets”) and
a corresponding lease liability for all leases, except for leases with a term of twelve months or less (short¬
term leases) and low value leases. For short-term and low value leases, the Company recognizes the lease
payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.
Certain lease arrangements include the options to extend or terminate the lease before the end of the
lease term. Lease payments to be made under such reasonably certain extension options are included in
the measurement of ROU assets and lease liabilities.
Lease liability is measured by discounting the lease payments using the interest rate implicit in the lease
or, if not readily determinable, using the incremental borrowing rates in the country of domicile of the
leases. Lease liabilities are remeasured with a corresponding adjustment to the related right of use asset
if the Company changes its assessment of whether it will exercise an extension or a termination option.
Lease payments are allocated between principal and finance cost. The finance cost is charged to
statement of profit and loss over the lease period so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on
the remaining balance of the liability for each period.
The ROU assets are initially recognized at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability
adjusted for any lease payments made at or prior to the commencement date of the lease plus any initial
direct costs less any lease incentives and restoration costs.
They are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any.
ROU assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the asset’s useful life or the lease whichever is
shorter.
Impairment of ROU assets is in accordance with the Company’s accounting policy for impairment of
tangible and intangible assets.
Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets
The Company has elected not to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases
that have a lease term of 12 months or less and leases of low-value assets. The Company recognizes the
lease payments associated with these leases as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Company as a Lessor
Leases in which the company does not substantially transfer all the risks and rewards incidental to
ownership of an asset are classified as an operating lease. Rental income arising on such leases is
accounted for on a straight-line basis over the lease terms. Initial direct cost in negotiating and arranging
an operating lease are added to the carrying amount of the leased asset and recognized over the lease
term on the same basis as rental income. Contingent rents are recognized as revenue in the period in
which they are earned.
A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial
liability or equity instrument of another entity.
Financial assets
Initial recognition and measurement
A financial asset is recognized in the balance sheet when the Company becomes party to the contractual
provisions of the instrument. At initial recognition, the Company measures a financial asset at its fair
value plus or minus, in the case of a financial asset not at fair value through statement of profit and loss,
transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of the financial asset.
Subsequent measurement
For purpose of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified into:
a. Financial assets measured at amortized cost;
b. Financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI);
c. Financial assets measured at fair value through statement of profit and loss (FVTPL)
The Company classifies its financial assets in the above-mentioned categories based on:
a. The Company’s business model for managing the financial assets;
b. The contractual cash flows characteristics of the financial asset.
Financial assets measured at amortized cost
This category generally applies to trade and other receivables.
A financial asset is measured at amortized cost if both of the following conditions are met:
a. The financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order
to collect contractual cash flows;
b. The contractual terms of the financial assets give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely
payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.
Financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate (EIR)
method
Amortized cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees
or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortization is included in finance income in the
statement of profit and loss. The losses arising from impairment are recognized in the statement of profit
and loss.
Financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)
A financial asset is measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if both of the following
conditions are met:
a. The financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting the
contractual cash flows and selling financial assets;
b. The asset’s contractual cash flows represent SPPI.
Financial assets measured at fair value through the statement of profit and loss (FVTPL)
FVTPL is a residual category. Any financial asset, which does not meet the criteria for categorization as at
amortized cost or as FVTOCI, is classified as at FVTPL. In addition, the Company may elect to designate
a financial asset, which otherwise meets amortized cost or FVTOCI criteria, as at FVTPL. Such financial
assets are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value, including interest income and dividend
income if any, recognized as ‘other income’ in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
All the equity instruments in scope of Ind AS 109 are measured at fair value. Equity instruments which are
held for trading are classified as at FVTPL.
If the company decides to classify an equity instrument as at FVTOCI, then all the fair value changes on
the instrument, excluding dividends, are recognized in the OCI. There is no recycling of the amounts from
OCI to statement of profit and loss, even on sale of investment. However, the company may transfer the
cumulative gain or loss within equity. Equity instruments included within FVTPL category are measured
at fair value with all the changes recognized in statement of profit and loss.
Derecognition
A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a group of similar financial
assets) is derecognized (i.e. removed from the Company's balance sheet) when:
a. The contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset have expired, or
b. The Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an
obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a ‘pass¬
through’ arrangement; and either
c. The Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or
d. The Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset,
but has transferred control of the asset.
Impairment of financial assets
In accordance with Ind AS 109, the Company assesses impairment based on expected credit loss (ECL)
model to the following:
a. Financial assets measured at amortized cost;
b. Financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
Expected credit losses are measured through a loss allowance at an amount equal to:
a. The 12-months expected credit losses (expected credit losses that result from those default events on
the financial instrument that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date); or
b. Full time expected credit losses (expected credit losses that result from all possible default events
over the life of the financial instrument).
The Company follows simplified approach for recognition of impairment loss allowance on trade
receivables, under the simplified approach; the Company uses a provision matrix to determine impairment
loss allowance on the portfolio of trade receivables. The provision matrix is based on its historically
observed default rates over the expected life of the trade receivable which is adjusted for management’s
estimates. At every reporting date, the historical observed default rates are updated and changes in the
forward-looking estimates are analyzed.
Financial Liabilities
Initial recognition and measurement
Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through statement
of profit and loss, loans and borrowings, payables, or as derivatives designated as hedging instruments in
an effective hedge, as appropriate.
All financial liabilities are recognized initially at fair value and, in case of loans and borrowings and
payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.
The Company’s financial liabilities include trade and other payables and short-term borrowings.
Subsequent measurement
a. Financial liabilities measured at amortized cost;
b. Financial liabilities subsequently measured at fair value through statement of profit and loss
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and
financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. Financial
liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near
term. Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognized in the statement of profit and loss.
Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through statement of profit and loss
are designated as such at the initial date of recognition, and only if the criteria in Ind AS 109 are satisfied.
Trade and other payables
These amounts represent liability for goods and services provided to the Company prior to the end of
financial year which are unpaid. Trade and other payables are presented as current liabilities unless
payment is not due within 12 months after the reporting period. They are recognized initially at fair value
and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.
Fair Value
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly
transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based
on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:
(i) In the principal market for the asset or liability, or
(ii) In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability
The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would
use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their best economic
interest.
The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sudcient
data are available to measure fair value, maximizing the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing
the use of unobservable inputs.
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are
categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is
significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:
• Level 1 - Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
• Level 2 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value
measurement is directly or indirectly observable.
• Level 3 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value
measurement is unobservable.
1.8. Derivative financial instruments and Hedge Accounting
Initial recognition and subsequent measurement
The Company uses derivative financial instruments, such as forward currency contacts, to hedge its foreign
currency risks. Such derivative financial instruments are initially recognized at fair value on the date on
which a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at fair value. Derivatives are
carried as financial assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is
negative.
Any gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of derivatives are taken directly to profit or loss.
1.9. Inventories
Raw materials, work-in-progress, finished goods, packing materials, stores, spares, components and
consumables are carried at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Goods-in-Transit are stated at cost.
However, materials and other items held for use in production of inventories are not written down below
cost if the finished goods in which they will be incorporated are expected to be sold at or above cost. The
comparison of cost and net realizable value is made on an item-by item basis.
In determining the cost of raw materials, packing materials, stock-in-trade, stores, spares, components
and consumables, FIFO method is used. Cost of inventory comprises all costs of purchase, duties, taxes
(other than those subsequently recoverable from tax authorities) and all other costs incurred in bringing
the inventory to their present location and condition.
Cost of finished goods and work-in-progress includes the cost of raw materials, packing materials, an
appropriate share of fixed and variable production overheads, and other costs incurred in bringing the
inventories to their present location and condition. Fixed production overheads are allocated on the basis
of normal capacity of production facilities.
1.10. Revenue Recognition
Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized on transfer of control of promised goods or services
to a customer at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company is expected to be
entitled to in exchange for those goods or services.
Revenue towards satisfaction of a performance obligation is measured at the amount of transaction price
(net of variable consideration) allocated to that performance obligation. The transaction price of goods
sold and services rendered is net of variable consideration on account of various discounts and schemes
offered by the Company as part of the contract. This variable consideration is estimated based on the
expected value of outflow. Revenue (net of variable consideration) is recognized only to the extent that it
is highly probable that the amount will not be subject to significant reversal when uncertainty relating to
its recognition is resolved.
Sale of products
Revenue from sale of products is recognized when the control on the goods have been transferred to the
customer. The performance obligation in case of sale of product is satisfied at a point in time i.e. when the
material is shipped to the customer or on delivery to the customers either at factory gate of the Company
or specific location of the customer or when the goods are handed over to the freight carrier, as per the
terms of the contract.
Revenue from services
Revenue from services is recognized over time by measuring progress towards satisfaction of performance
obligation for the services rendered.
Interest and dividends
Interest income is recognized using effective interest method. Dividend income is recognized when the
right to receive dividend is established.
Rental Income
Rental income arising from operating lease of investment properties are accounted on straight line basis
over the lease term.
Other Operating Revenue - Export Incentive
Export Incentives are recognized as income when right to receive credit as per the terms of the scheme
is established in respect of the exports made and when there is no significant uncertainty regarding the
ultimate collection of the relevant export proceeds.
Advance from customers is recognised under other liabilities and released to revenue on satisfaction of
performance obligation.
1.11. Segment Reporting
The Chief Operational Decision Maker (CODM) monitors the operating results of its business segments
separately for the purpose of making decisions about resource allocation and performance assessment.
Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the
CODM.
The Board of Directors (BOD) of the Company assesses the financial performance and position of the
Company, and makes strategic decisions; hence the Board of Directors are CODM. Refer note 37 for
segment related information.
1.12. Borrowing Costs
There are no Interest and other borrowing costs that are attributable to qualifying assets. Other interest
and borrowing costs are charged to Statement of Profit and Loss.
1.13. Earnings per Share
Basic earnings per share
Basic EPS amounts are calculated by dividing the profit or loss for the year attributable to equity holders
of the Company by the weighted average number of Equity Shares outstanding during the year.
Diluted earnings per share
Diluted earnings per share is calculated by dividing the profit or loss for the year attributable to the equity
holders of the Company by weighted average number of Equity shares outstanding during the year plus
the weighted average number of equity shares that would be issued on conversion of all the dilutive
potential Equity shares in to Equity shares.
1.14. Foreign Currency Translation
Functional and presentation currency
The financial statements are presented in Indian rupee (INR), which is Company’s functional and
presentation currency.
Initial Recognition
On initial recognition, transactions in foreign currencies entered into by the Company are recorded in the
functional currency (i.e. Indian Rupees), by applying to the foreign currency amount, the spot exchange rate
prevailing on the date of the transaction. Exchange differences arising on foreign exchange transactions
settled during the year are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Transactions and balances
Transactions in foreign currencies are recognized at the prevailing exchange rates on the transaction
dates. Realized gains and losses on settlement of foreign currency transactions are recognized in the
Statement of Profit and Loss.
Monetary foreign currency assets and liabilities at the year-end are translated at the year-end exchange
rates. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated
using the exchange rates at the dates of the initial transactions. Non-monetary items measured at fair
value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value is
determined.
Exchange differences arising out of these Translations are recognized in the Statement of Profit and
Loss.
1.15. Income Taxes
Tax expense is the aggregate amount included in the determination of profit or loss for the period in
respect of current tax and deferred tax.
Current tax
Current tax is the amount of income taxes payable in respect of taxable profit for a period. Taxable profit
differs from ‘profit before tax’ as reported in the Statement of Profit and Loss because of items of income
or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and items that are never taxable or deductible
under the Income Tax Act, 1961.
Current tax is measured using tax rates that have been enacted by the end of reporting period for the
amounts expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities.
Deferred tax
Deferred tax is recognized on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities
in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit
under Income Tax Act, 1961.
Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognized for all taxable temporary differences.
Deferred tax assets are generally recognized for all deductible temporary differences to the extent it is
probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary difference can
be utilized.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to
the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow the benefits
of part or all of such deferred tax assets to be utilized.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that have been enacted or substantively
enacted by the Balance Sheet date and are expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which
those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.
Presentation of current and deferred tax
Current and deferred tax are recognized as income or an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss,
except when they relate to items that are recognized in Other Comprehensive Income, in which case, the
current and deferred tax income/ expense are recognized in Other Comprehensive Income.
The Company offsets current tax assets and current tax liabilities, where it has a legally enforceable right
to set off the recognized amounts and where it intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realize the asset
and settle the liability simultaneously. In case of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities, the same
are offset if the Company has a legally enforceable right to set off corresponding current tax assets against
current tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities relate to income taxes levied
by the same tax authority on the Company.
1.16. Government Grants and subsidies
The Company recognize grant as income when there is a reasonable assurance that the grant will be
received, and all the attached conditions will be complied with.
Where Government grants relates to non-monetary assets, the cost of assets is presented at gross value
and grant significantly complied thereon is recognized as income in the statement of profit and loss over
the useful life of the related assets in proportion in which depreciation is charged.
Grants related to income are recognized in the statement of profit and loss systematically over the periods
in which related costs are expensed. These can be presented separately as profit or loss, under "Other
Income," or deducted from the related expense
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