1 Background of the Company and nature of operations

Metropolis Healthcare Limited (the 'Company'), was incorporated in India as Pathnet India Private Limited in the year 2000 and is engaged in the business of providing pathology and related healthcare services.

The registered office of the Company is located at 4^th Floor, East Wing, Plot-254 B, Nirlon House, Dr. Annie Besant Road, Worli, Mumbai - 400030, Maharashtra, India. The Company got listed on Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and National Stock Exchange (NSE) on April 15, 2019 through sale of equity shares by Dr. Sushil Shah and CA Lotus Investments.

2 Basis of preparation, measurement and material accounting policies2.1 Basis of preparation and measurement a Statement of compliance:

The Standalone Balance Sheet of the Company as at March 31, 2025 and the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss (including Other Comprehensive Income), the Standalone Statement of Changes in Equity and the Standalone Statement of Cash flows for the year ended March 31, 2025 and summary of material accounting policies and other financial information (together referred as 'Standalone Financial Statements') has been prepared under Indian Accounting Standards ('Ind AS') notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015, as amended from time to time.

The Standalone Financial Statements of the Company for year ended March 31, 2025 were authorised for issue in accordance with a resolution of the Board of Directors on May 13, 2025.

The accounting policies are applied consistently to all the periods presented in the Standalone Financial Statements, unless stated otherwise.

b Current vs non-current classification:

All the assets and liabilities have been classified into current and non current.

Assets:

An asset is classified as current when it satisfies any of the following criteria:

a) it is expected to be realised in, or is intended for sale or consumption in, the Company's normal operating cycle;

b) it is held primarily for the purpose of being traded;

c) i t is expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting date; or

d) it is cash or cash equivalent unless it is restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting date.

Liabilities:

A liability is classified as current when it satisfies any of the following criteria:

a) it is expected to be settled in the Company's normal operating cycle;

b) it is held primarily for the purpose of being traded;

c) it is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting date; or

d) the Company does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting date. Terms of a liability that could, at the option of the counterparty, result in its settlement by the issue of equity instruments do not affect its classification.

Operating cycle:

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company's normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in Schedule III to the Companies Act 2013. Based on the nature of services and the time taken between acquisition of assets/inventories for processing and their realization in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as twelve months for the purpose of the classification of assets and liabilities into current and non-current.

c Basis of measurement

These standalone financial statements have been prepared on accrual and going concern basis and under the historical cost convention except for the following assets and liabilities which have been measured at fair value or revalued amount:

• Certain financial assets and liabilities (including derivative instruments) measured at fair value

• Assets and liabilities assumed on business combination measured at fair value

• Equity settled share-based payments measured at fair value

• Net defined benefit asset / liability - Fair value of plan assets less present value of defined benefit obligations.

d Key estimates and assumptions

The preparation of financial statements requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimates are revised and in any future periods affected.

Judgments

Information about judgements made in applying accounting policies that have the most significant effects on the amounts recognised in the financial statements is included in the following notes:

- Leasing arrangement (classification) - Note 2.2(o) and Note 40

Assumptions and estimation uncertainties

Information about assumptions and estimation uncertainties that have a significant risk of resulting in a material adjustment is included in the following notes:

- Financial instruments - Note 2.2(f)

- Fair value measurement - Note 2.2(f) and Note 35 B

- Impairment test of goodwill and intangible assets: key assumptions underlying recoverable amounts - Note 2.2(d),

- Measurement of ECL allowance for trade receivables and other assets - Note 2.2(f)

- Assessment of useful life and residual value of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets - Note 2.2(b)

- Leasing arrangement (accounting) - Note 2.2(o) and Note 40

- Estimation of assets and obligations relating to employee benefits (including actuarial assumptions)- Note 2.2 (n) and Note 43.

e Measurement of fair values

Company's accounting policies and disclosures require the measurement of fair values, for both financial and non-financial assets and liabilities.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant's ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.

Fair values are categorized into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows.

Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices).

Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).

I f the inputs used to measure the fair value of an asset or a liability fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy, then the fair value measurement is categorized in its entirety in the same level of the fair value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the entire measurement.

The Company recognises transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy at the end of the reporting year during which the change has occurred.

Further information about the assumptions made in measuring fair values is included in the following notes

- Financial instruments (Note 35)

- Business combination (Note 55)

- Share based payment arrangements (Note 43(c))

2.2 Material accounting policiesa) Business combinations

Business combinations arising from transfers of interests in entities that are under the control of the shareholders that control the Company are accounted for as if the acquisition had occurred at the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented or, if later, at the date that common control was established; for this purpose comparatives are revised.

Common Control:

Business combinations involving entities that are ultimately controlled by the same parties before and after the business combination are considered as Common control entities and are accounted using the pooling of interest method as follows:

- The assets and liabilities of the combining entities are reflected at their carrying amounts.

- No adjustments are made to reflect the fair values, or recognise new assets or liabilities. Adjustments are made to harmonise accounting policies.

- The financial information in the financial statements in respect of prior periods is restated as if the business combination has occurred from the beginning of the preceding period in the financial statements, irrespective of the actual date of the combination.

- The balance of the retained earnings appearing in the financial statements of the transferor is aggregated with the corresponding balance appearing in the financial statements of the transferee or is adjusted against general reserve.

- The identity of the reserves are preserved and the reserves of the transferor become the reserves of the transferee.

- The difference if any, between the amounts recorded as share capital plus any additional consideration in the form of cash or other assets and the amount of share capital of the transferor is transferred to capital reserve and is presented separately from other capital reserves.

Other than common control business combinations:

The Company applies the acquisition method to account for business combination. The consideration transferred for the acquisition of a business comprises the:

- fair values of the assets transferred,

- I iabilities incurred to the former owners of the acquired business,

- equity interests issued by the Company, and

- fair value of any asset or liability resulting from a contingent consideration arrangement

I dentifiable assets acquired and liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed in a business combination are measured initially at their fair values at the acquisition date. The excess of the fair value of consideration over the identifiable net asset acquired is recorded as goodwill, if the consideration is lower, the gain is recognised directly in equity as capital reserve. In case, business acquisition is classified as bargain purchase, the aforementioned gain is recognised in the other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity as capital reserve. Acquisition-related costs are expensed as incurred. Any contingent consideration to be transferred by the Company is recognised at fair value at the acquisition date. Subsequent changes to the fair value of the contingent consideration that is deemed to be an asset or liability is recognised in the statement of profit and loss. Contingent consideration that is classified as equity is not re-measured, and its subsequent settlement is accounted for within equity.

b) Property plant and equipment (PPE) Recognition and measurement:

The cost of an item of property, plant and equipment shall be recognised as an asset if, and only if its probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to

the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably.

I tems of property, plant and equipment, other than freehold land are measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses.

Freehold land is carried at cost and is not depreciated. The cost of an item of property, plant and equipment comprises its purchase price, including import duties and non-refundable purchase taxes, (after deducting trade discounts and rebates), any directly attributable costs of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use and estimated costs of dismantling and removing the item and restoring the item and restoring the site on which it is located.

If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.

Any gain or loss on derecognition of an item of property, plant and equipment is included in statement of profit and loss when the item is derecognized.

The cost of property, plant and equipment at April 1, 2018, the Company's date of transition to Ind AS, was determined with reference to its carrying value recognised as per the previous GAAP (deemed cost), as at the date of transition to Ind AS.

Subsequent costs are included in the assets carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and that the cost of the item can be reliably measured. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognized when replaced. All other repair and maintenance are charged to statement of profit and loss during the reporting year in which they are incurred.

Depreciation:

Depreciation on PPE is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives. The management basis its past experience and technical assessment has estimated the useful lives, which is at variance with the life prescribed in Part C of Schedule II to the Act and

has accordingly, depreciated the assets over such useful lives. The Company has established the estimated range of useful lives for different categories of PPE as follows:

Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the tenure of lease term.

Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted if appropriate.

c) Intangible assets Goodwill

Goodwill is initially recognised as the excess of consideration paid over acquirer's interest in the net fair value of the identifiable net assets of acquired business. Goodwill that arises on a business combination is subsequently measured at cost less any accumulated impairment losses. The Company estimates the value-in-use of the cash generating units (CGUs) based on the future cash flows after considering current economic conditions and trends, estimated future operating results and growth rate and anticipated future economic and regulatory conditions. The estimated cash flows are developed using internal forecasts. The discount rates used for the CGUs represent the weighted average cost of capital based on the historical market returns of comparable companies.

Other Intangible assets:

An intangible asset is recognised only if it is probable that future economic benefits attributable to the asset will flow to the Company and the cost of the asset can be measured reliably.

Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.

Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only when it increases the future economic benefits embodied in the specific asset to which it relates and the cost of the asset can be measured reliably. All other expenditure, including expenditure on internally generated goodwill and brands, is recognised in profit or loss as incurred.

The cost of intangible assets at April 1, 2018, the Company's date of transition to Ind AS, was determined with reference to its carrying value recognised as per the previous GAAP (deemed cost), as at the date of transition to Ind AS.

I ntangible assets under development that are not ready for their intended use at the end of reporting period are carried at cost comprising direct costs, related incidental expenses, other directly attributable costs and borrowing costs, less impairment losses if any.

Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. The cost of intangible assets acquired in a business combination is their fair value at the date of acquisition.

Amortization:

Amortization is calculated to write off the cost of intangible assets using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, and is recognized in statement of profit and loss.

The estimated useful lives for current and comparative periods are as follows:

Computer software - 5 years

Brand - 10 years

Customer relationship - 5 years

Amortisation method, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at the end of each financial year and adjusted, if appropriate.

d) Impairment of non-financial assets

The Company's non-financial assets, other than inventories and deferred tax assets, are reviewed at each reporting date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, then the asset's recoverable amount is estimated. Goodwill is tested annually for impairment

For impairment testing, assets are grouped together into the smallest group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets or CGUs. Goodwill arising from a business combination is allocated to CGUs that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination.

Goodwill, which has an indefinite useful life is not subject to amortisation and is tested annually for impairment. Assets that are subject to amortisation are reviewed for impairment, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset's carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount.

Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset, for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.

If the recoverable amount of an asset (or cashgenerating unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

When an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (or a cash-generating unit) is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount, that would have been determined, had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset (or cash-generating unit) in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

e) I nvestments in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures:

The Company accounts for its equity investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures at cost less accumulated impairment, if any.

- contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.

After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate (EIR) method.

Fair value through profit and loss ('FVTPL'):

All financial assets that do not meet the criteria for amortised cost or fair value through other comprehensive income are measured at fair value through profit or loss with all changes recognized in the standalone statement of profit and loss. Interest income (basis EIR method), from financial assets at fair value through profit or loss is recognised in the statement of profit and loss within finance income/ finance costs separately from the other gains/ losses arising from changes in the fair value.

Derivative financial instruments are classified as financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss. Such derivative financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value.

They are subsequently re-measured at their fair value, with changes in fair value being recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

Fair value through Other Comprehensive Income ('FVOCI')

Financial assets are measured at FVOCI if both the following conditions are met:

The asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both

- collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets and

- contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are SPPI on the principal amount outstanding.

After initial measurement, these assets are subsequently measured at fair value.

Dividends, Interest income under effective interest method, foreign exchange gains and losses and impairment losses are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Other net gains and losses on remeasurement of defined benefit obligations are recognized in Other Comprehensive Income.

Derecognition:

A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or a part of a group of similar financial assets) is primarily derecognized (i.e. removed from the Company's balance sheet) when:

The contractual rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset have expired, or

The Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a 'pass-through' arrangement; and either

(a) the Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or

(b) the Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.

On de-recognition, any gains or losses on all equity instruments (measured at FVTPL) and debt instruments (other than debt instruments measured at FVOCI) are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Gains and losses in respect of debt instruments measured at FVOCI and that are accumulated in OCI are reclassified to profit or loss on de-recognition.

Impairment of financial assets

In accordance with Ind-AS 109, the Company applies Expected Credit Loss ("ECL") model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss on the financial assets measured at amortized cost and debt instruments measured at FVOCI.

Loss allowances on trade receivables are measured following the 'simplified approach' at an amount equal to the lifetime ECL at each reporting date. In respect of

other financial assets, the loss allowance is measured at 12 month ECL only if there is no significant deterioration in the credit risk since initial recognition of the asset or asset is determined to have a low credit risk at the reporting date.

2 Financial liabilities

Initial recognition and measurement

Financial liabilities are initially recognized when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

Financial liability is initially measured at fair value plus, for an item not at fair value through profit and loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to its acquisition or issue.

Classification and subsequent measurement

Subsequent measurement is determined with reference to the classification of the respective financial liabilities.

Financial Liabilities at Fair Value through Profit or Loss (FVTPL):

A financial liability is classified as Fair Value through Profit or Loss (FVTPL) if it is classified as held-for trading or is designated as such on initial recognition. Financial liabilities at FVTPL are measured at fair value and changes therein, including any interest expense, are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Financial Liabilities at amortized cost:

After initial recognition, financial liabilities other than those which are classified as FVTPL are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate ("EIR") method.

Amortized cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The amortization done using the EIR method is included as finance costs in the Statement of Profit and Loss

Derecognition

A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different

terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized in the statement of profit or loss.

Derivative financial instruments

Derivative financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value on the date on which a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at fair value through profit or loss account. Derivatives are carried as financial assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is negative.

Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, or to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

g) Borrowings

Borrowings are initially recognised at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption amount is recognised in profit or loss over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method. Fees paid on the establishment of loan facilities are recognised as transaction costs of the loan to the extent that it is probable that some or all of the facility will be drawn down. In this case, the fee is deferred until the drawdown occurs. To the extent there is no evidence that it is probable that some or all of the facility will be drawn down, the fee is capitalised as a prepayment for liquidity services and amortised over the period of the facility to which it relates.

Borrowings are removed from the balance sheet when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged, cancelled or expired. The difference between the carrying amount of a financial liability that has been extinguished or transferred to another party and the consideration paid, including any non-cash assets transferred or liabilities assumed, is recognised in profit or loss as other gains/(losses).

Borrowings are classified under current financial liabilities unless the company has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the reporting period. Where there is a breach of a material provision of a long-term loan arrangement on or before the end of the reporting period with the effect that the liability becomes payable on demand on the reporting date, the entity does not classify the liability as current, if the lender agreed, after the reporting period and before the approval of the financial statements for issue, not to demand payment as a consequence of the breach.

h) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs are interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds. General and specific borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalised during the period of time that is required to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use or sale. Qualifying assets are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale.

Other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.

i) Inventories

I nventories comprise of reagents, chemicals, diagnostic kits, medicines and consumables. Inventories are measured at lower of cost (on weighted average basis) and net realisable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses, where considered necessary. Cost comprises the cost of purchase and all other costs attributed to bring the goods to that particular condition and location. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and selling expenses.

The Company uses weighted average method to determine cost for all categories of inventories except for goods in transit which are valued at specifically identified purchase cost. Cost includes all cost of purchase, and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition inclusive of non refundable (adjustable) taxes wherever applicable.

Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less

estimated costs necessary to make the sale. The comparison of cost and net realisable value is made on an item-by-item basis.

j) Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents in the balance sheet and cash flow statement includes cash at bank and on hand, deposits held at call with banks, with original maturities less than three months which are readily convertible into cash and which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value.

k) Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets

A provision is recognized when the company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current management estimates.

Contingent Liabilities are disclosed in respect of possible obligations that arise from past events but their existence is confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company.

A contingent asset is a possible asset that arises from past events and whose existence will be confirmed only by the occurrence or nonoccurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the entity. Contingent Assets are not recognized till the realization is virtually certain. However the same are disclosed in the financial statements where an inflow of economic benefit is probable. Contingent liability and contingent asset are reviewed at each balance sheet date.

l) Revenue Recognition

Revenue comprises of revenue from providing healthcare services such as health checkup and laboratory services. Pathology service is the only principal activity and reportable segment from which the Company generates its revenue.

Revenue is recognised at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring the goods or services to a customer i.e. on transfer of control of the service to the customer.

Revenue from rendering of services is net of indirect taxes, reversals and discounts.

Revenue is recognised once the testing samples are processed for requisitioned test, to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and revenue can be reliably measured.

Revenue is measured based on the consideration specified in a contract with a customer. Revenue is recognised at a point in time when the Company satisfies performance obligations by transferring the promised services to its customers. Generally, each test represents a separate performance obligation for which revenue is recognised when the test report is generated i.e. when the performance obligation is satisfied. For allocating the transaction price, the Company has measured the revenue in respect of each performance obligation of a contract at its relative standalone selling price. The price that is regularly charged for a test when registered separately is the best evidence of its standalone selling price

Contract liabilities - A contract liability is the obligation to transfer services to a customer for which the Company has received consideration from the customer. If a customer pays consideration before the Company transfers services to the customer, a contract liability is recognised when the payment is made. Contract liabilities are recognised as revenue when the Company performs under the contract.

m) Recognition of Interest income and Dividend income Interest income

For all financial instruments measured at amortized cost, interest income is recorded using the effective interest rate (EIR). EIR is the rate which exactly discounts the estimated future cash receipts over the expected life of the financial instrument to the gross carrying amount of the financial asset. When calculating the EIR the Company estimates the expected cash flows by considering all the contractual terms of the financial instrument (for example, prepayments, extensions, call and similar options); expected credit losses are considered if the credit risk on that financial instrument has increased significantly since initial recognition

Dividend income

Dividends are recognized in statement of profit and loss on the date on which the Company's right to receive payment is established.

n) Employee Benefits

(i) Short-term Employee benefits

Liabilities for wages and salaries, compensated absences, bonus and ex gratia including non-monetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within twelve months after the end of the year in which the employees render the related service are classified as short term employee benefits and are recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss as the related service is provided.

A liability is recognized for the amount expected to be paid if the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service provided by the employee and the obligation can be estimated reliably.

(ii) Share-based payments

The cost of equity settled transactions is determined by the fair value at the grant date which is based on the Black Scholes model. The grant date fair value of options granted to employees is recognized as an employee expense, with a corresponding increase in equity under "Employee Stock Options Reserve", over the period that the employees become unconditionally entitled to the options.

The expense so determined is recognised over the requisite vesting period, which is the period over which all of the specified vesting conditions are to be satisfied. As at each reporting date, the Company revises its estimates of the number of options that are expected to vest, if required.

When the terms of an equity-settled award are modified, in addition to the expense pertaining to the original award, an incremental expense is recognised for any modification that results in additional fair value, or is otherwise beneficial to the employee as measured at the date of modification.

(iii) Post-Employment Benefits Defined Contribution Plans:

A defined contribution plan is a postemployment benefit plan under which a Company pays specified contributions to a separate entity and has no obligation to pay any further amounts. The Company makes contribution to provident fund in accordance with Employees Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 and Employee State Insurance. Contribution paid or payable in respect of defined contribution plan is recognized as an expense in the year in which services are rendered by the employee.

Defined Benefit Plans:

The Company's gratuity benefit scheme is a defined benefit plan. The liability is recognised in the balance sheet in respect of gratuity is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the balance sheet date less the fair value of plan assets (being funded portion), together with adjustments for unrecognised actuarial gain losses and past service costs. The defined benefit obligation is calculated at balance sheet date by an independent actuary using the projected unit credit method.

Re-measurement of the net defined benefit liability, which comprise actuarial gains and losses, the return on plan assets (excluding interest) and the effect of the asset ceiling (if any, excluding interest), are recognised immediately in other comprehensive income (OCI).

o) Leases Ind-As 116:

At inception of a contract, the Company assesses whether a contract is, or contains, a lease. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

As a lessee

Leases are recognised as a right-of-use asset and a corresponding liability at the date at which the leased asset is available for use by the Company. Contracts may contain both lease and non-lease components. The Company allocates the consideration in the contract to the lease and non-lease components based on their relative stand-alone prices. However, for

leases of real estate for which the Company is a lessee, it has elected not to separate lease and non-lease components and instead accounts for these as a single lease component.

Assets and liabilities arising from a lease are initially measured on a present value basis. Lease liabilities include the net present value of the following lease payments:

- Fixed payments (including in-substance fixed payments), less incentives receivables

- Variable lease payments that are based on an index or a rate, initially measured using the index or rate at the commencement date

- amount expected to be payable by the company under residual value guarantees

- the exercise price of a purchase option if the Company is reasonably certain to exercise that option, and

- Payments of penalties for terminating the lease, if the lease term reflects the Company exercising that option.

The lease liability is measured at amortised cost using effective interest method. It is remeasured when there is change in assessment of whether it will exercise a purchase, extension or termination option or if there is a revised insubstance fixed lease payment.

When the lease liability is remeasured in this way, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the right of use asset, or is recorded in profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right of use asset has been reduced to zero.

Lease payments to be made under reasonably certain extension options are also included in the measurement of the liability. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease. If that rate cannot be readily determined, which is generally the case for leases in the Company, the lessee's incremental borrowing rate is used, being the rate that the individual lessee would have to pay to borrow the funds necessary to obtain an asset of similar value to the right-of-use asset in a similar economic environment with similar terms, security and conditions.

To determine the incremental borrowing rate, the Company:

• where possible, uses recent third-party financing received as a starting point,

adjusted to reflect changes in financing conditions since third party financing was received

• uses a build-up approach that starts with a risk-free interest rate adjusted for credit risk for leases held, which does not have recent third party financing, and makes adjustments specific to the lease, e.g. term, country, currency and security.

Variable lease payments that depend on sales are recognised in profit or loss in the period in which the condition that triggers those payments occurs.

The right of use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any incentives received.

Right-of-use assets are generally depreciated over the shorter of the asset's useful life and the lease term on a straight-line basis. If the Company is reasonably certain to exercise a purchase option, the right-of-use asset is depreciated over the underlying asset's useful life.

Payments associated with short-term leases of equipment and all leases of low-value assets are recognised on a straight-line basis as an expense in profit or loss. Short-term leases are leases with a lease term of 12 months or less.

The lease liability is presented as a separate line in the statement of financial position. The lease liability is subsequently measured by increasing the carrying amount to reflect interest on the lease liability (using the effective interest method) and by reducing the carrying amount to reflect the lease payments made. The Company remeasures the lease liability (and makes a corresponding adjustment to the related right-of-use asset) whenever

• the lease term has changed or there is a change in the assessment of exercise of a purchase option, in which case the lease liability is remeasured by discounting the revised lease payments using a revised discount rate.

• the lease payments change due to changes in an index or rate or a change in expected

payment under a guaranteed residual value, in which cases the lease liability is remeasured by discounting the revised lease payments using the initial discount rate (unless the lease payments change is due to a change in a floating interest rate, in which case a revised discount rate is used).

• a lease contract is modified and the lease modification is not accounted for as a separate lease, in which case the lease liability is remeasured by discounting the revised lease payments using a revised discount rate.

The right-of-use assets are presented as a separate line in the statement of financial position.

p) Income-tax

Income tax expense /income comprises current tax expense/ income and deferred tax expense/ income. It is recognized in statement of profit and loss except to the extent that it relates to items recognized directly in equity or in Other Comprehensive Income, in which case, the tax is also recognized directly in equity or other comprehensive income, respectively.

Current Tax

Current tax comprises the expected tax payable or recoverable on the taxable profit or loss for the year and any adjustment to the tax payable or recoverable in respect of previous years. It is measured at the amount expected to be paid to (or recovered from) the taxation authorities, using the applicable tax rates and tax laws.

• Current tax assets and liabilities are offset only if the Company has a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts; and

• intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Deferred Tax

Deferred tax is recognized in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purpose and the amount considered for tax purpose.

Deferred tax assets are recognized for unused tax losses, unused tax credits and deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which they can be utilized.

Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow the benefit of part or all of that deferred tax asset to be utilized, such reductions are reversed when it becomes probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available.

Unrecognized deferred tax assets are reassessed at each reporting date and recognized to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will be available against which they can be recovered.

Deferred tax is measured at the tax rates that are expected to be applied to temporary differences when they reverse, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.

The measurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the reporting date, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset only if:

i) the entity has a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities; and

ii) the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority on the same taxable entity.

Uncertain tax provision

Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate. The provision is estimated based on one of two methods, the expected value method (the sum of the probability weighted amounts in a range of possible outcomes) or the single most likely amount method, depending on which is expected to better predict the resolution of the uncertainty.

q) Foreign currency transactions Functional and Presentation currency

The Company's financial statements are prepared in Indian Rupees (INR) which is also the Company's functional currency.

Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions are recorded on initial recognition in the functional currency using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction.

Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rate at the reporting date. Non-monetary items that are measured based on historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the initial transaction. Nonmonetary items that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rate at the date the fair value is determined.

Exchange differences arising on the settlement or translation of monetary items are recognized in statement of profit or loss in the year in which they arise.

r) Dividend

The Company recognises a liability for any dividend declared but not distributed at the end of the reporting period, when the distribution is authorized by the shareholders in AGM and the distribution is no longer at the discretion of the Company on or before the end of the reporting period.

I nterim dividends are recognized as a liability in the period in which they are approved by the Board of Directors. They are accounted for in the Statement of Changes in Equity and adjusted against retained earnings. No provision is made for dividends declared after the reporting date unless approved before the end of the reporting period.

s) Earnings per share:

Basic Earnings per share is calculated by dividing the profit or loss for the year attributable to the equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the profit or loss for the period attributable to the equity shareholders and the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period is adjusted to take into account:

• The after income tax effect of interest and other financing costs associated with dilutive potential equity shares, and

• Weighted average number of additional equity shares that would have been outstanding assuming the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.

t) Segment Reporting

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which discrete financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker, in deciding how to allocate resources and assessing performance. The Company's chief operating decision maker is the CEO of the Company.

Segment revenue, segment expenses, segment assets and segment liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Inter segment revenue is accounted on the basis of transactions which are primarily determined based on market / fair value factors. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis have been included under "unallocated revenue / expenses / assets / liabilities".

Based on the nature of the business and line of products/ services, there is only one reportable segment - Pathology service.

u) Recent Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS)

Ministry of Corporate Affairs ("MCA") notifies new standards or amendments to the existing standards under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. For the year ended March 31, 2025, MCA has notified Ind AS - 117 Insurance Contracts and amendments to Ind AS 116 - Leases, relating to sale and leaseback transactions, applicable to the Company w.e.f. April 1, 2025. The Company has reviewed the new pronouncements and based on its evaluation has determined that it does not have any significant impact in its financial statements.

v) Rounding off amounts

All amounts disclosed in financial statements and notes have been rounded off to the nearest lakhs as per the requirement of Schedule III. The transactions and balances with values below the rounding off norms adopted by the Company have been reflected as "0.00" in the relevant note to these financial statements.