2) Summary of Material Accounting Policy Information
a) Property, Plant and Equipment (PPE)
i) Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, net of recoverable taxes, trade discount and rebates less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Such cost includes purchase price, borrowing cost and any cost directly attributable to bringing the assets to its working condition for its intended use, net charges on foreign exchange contracts and adjustments arising from exchange rate variations attributable to the assets.
ii) Subsequent costs are included in the asset's carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the entity and the cost can be measured reliably.
iii) Subsequent expenditures are capitalised only when they increase the future economic benefits embodied in the specific asset to which they relate. Such assets are classified to the appropriate categories of property, plant and equipment when completed and ready for intended use. Depreciation of these assets, on the same basis as other assets, commences when the assets are ready for their intended use.
iv) In the carrying amount of an item of property, plant and equipment, the cost of replacing the part of such an item is recognised when that cost is incurred if the recognition criteria are met. The carrying amount of those parts that are replaced is derecognised in accordance with the derecognition principles.
v) An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from the continued use of the asset.
vi) Any gains or losses arising from derecognition of a property, plant and equipment are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the property, plant and equipment and are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognised.
vii) The government grants in the form of subsidy are presented in the balance sheet by deducting it from the carrying amount of the eligible assets on a pro rata basis. The grant is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss over the life of a depreciable asset as a reduced depreciation expense.
viii) Spare parts procured along with the plant & machinery or subsequently which meet the recognition criteria, are capitalised and added in the carrying amount of such item. The carrying amount of those spare parts that are replaced is derecognised when no future economic benefits are expected from their use or upon disposal. Other machinery spares are treated as 'stores & spares' forming part of the inventory.
ix) Freehold land is not depreciated.
x) Depreciation is recognised on the cost of assets less their residual values. Depreciation is provided based on useful life of the assets. The management has evaluated that the useful life is in conformity with the useful life as prescribed in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013 except in case of assets as described in sub-note (xv) below and therefore such prescribed useful life has been considered by applying the straight-line method. Each part of an item of Property, Plant & Equipment with a cost that is significant in relation to the total cost of the item is depreciated separately based on its' useful life.
xi) When parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.
xii) The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year end and, if expectations differ from previous estimates, the changes are accounted for as change in an accounting estimate.
xiii) The depreciation for each year is recognised in the Statement of Profit & Loss unless it is included in the carrying amount of another asset.
xiv) Depreciation has been provided on the Straight-line basis (SLM) based on life assigned to each asset in accordance with Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013.
xv) The Company, based on assessment made by technical experts has evaluated useful lives of following items of PPE as mentioned hereunder which is different from the useful life considered in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013,
The useful life of assets has been considered as higher than the life prescribed by Schedule II on account of proper use, regular maintenance undertaken by the Company and the condition of the assets.
b) Leases
i) The Company has acquired industrial land at Plot N0. 200 - A & B, Sector I, Industrial Area, Pithampur, Madhya Pradesh and at Plot no. D-1/2, Vallam -Vadagal, Sriperumbudur, Kancheepurarm, Tamil Nadu, on long term lease from the respective State Industrial Development Authorities. The lease deed conveys the right to control the use of the leasehold land and the Company has substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the leasehold land and has right to direct the use of the leasehold land. The cost of the right-of-use leasehold land comprises of the amount of the initial measurement of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date plus any initial direct costs incurred/ deemed cost at the date of transition to Ind AS. Since, the entire amount is paid for, no lease liability is existing.
ii) The right-of-use of leasehold land is depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date over the lease term.
iii) For short-term and low value leases, the Company recognises the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
c) Intangible assets
i) Intangible Assets that are acquired by the company and that have finite useful lives are stated at cost of acquisition net of recoverable taxes, trade discount and rebates less accumulated amortization /depletion and impairment loss, if any. Such cost includes purchase price, borrowing costs, and any cost directly attributable to bringing the asset to its working condition for the intended use, and adjustments arising from exchange rate variations attributable to the intangible assets.
ii) Subsequent costs are included in the asset's carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the entity and the cost can be measured reliably.
iii) Intangible assets are de-recognised either on their disposal or where no future economic benefits are expected from their use. Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognised.
iv) Intangible assets having finite useful life are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. The residual value of such intangible assets is assumed to be zero. An intangible asset with an indefinite useful life is tested for impairment by comparing it's recoverable amount with its' carrying amount (a) annually and (b) whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired.
v) The management has assessed the useful life of software classified as intangible assets as three years.
vi) The amortisation period and the amortisation method for intangible asset with a finite useful life are reviewed at each financial year end. If the expected useful of such asset is different from the previous estimates, the changes are accounted for as change in an accounting estimate.
d) Capital Work-in-progress
i) Expenditure incurred on assets under construction (including a project) is carried at cost under Capital Work-in-Progress. Such costs comprise purchase price of asset including import duties and non-refundable taxes after deducting trade discounts and rebates and costs that are directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management.
ii) Cost directly attributable to projects under construction, net of income earned during such period, include costs of employee benefits, expenditure in relation to survey and investigation activities of the projects, cost of site preparation, initial delivery and handling charges, installation and assembly costs, professional fees, expenditure on maintenance and upgradation, among others of common public facilities, depreciation on assets used in construction of project, interest during construction and other costs if attributable to construction of projects. Such costs are accumulated under 'Capital Work-in-Progress' and subsequently allocated on systematic basis over major assets, other than land and infrastructure facilities, on commissioning of projects.
iii) Capital expenditure incurred for creation of facilities, over which the Company does not have control but the creation of which is essential principally for construction of the project is capitalised and carried under 'Capital work-in-progress' and subsequently allocated on systematic basis over major assets, other than land and infrastructure facilities, on commissioning of projects, keeping in view the 'attributability' and the 'Unit of Measure' concepts in Ind AS 16- 'Property, Plant & Equipment'. Expenditure of such nature incurred after completion of the project, is charged to Statement of Profit and Loss.
e) Goodwill
i) The business combination of the entities under common control is accounted as per Appendix C of Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS 103)- Business Combinations. Goodwill represents the amount of difference between consideration and the value of net identifiable assets (adjusted for credit balance in revaluation reserves) acquired.
ii) Goodwill is measured at cost less accumulated impairment losses. The recoverable amount of Goodwill is determined based on value in use calculations which uses cash flow projections covering generally a period of five years which are based on key assumptions such as margins, expected growth rates based on past experience and Management's expectations/ extrapolation of normal increase/ steady terminal growth rate and appropriate discount rates that reflects current market assessments of time value of money.
iii) Goodwill is tested for impairment annually.
f) Research and Development Expenditure
i) Expenditure on research activities undertaken with the prospect of gaining new scientific or technical knowledge and understanding are recognised as an expense when incurred.
ii) Development activities involve a plan or design to produce new or substantially improved products and processes.
iii) Revenue expenditure pertaining to research is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Development costs of products are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss unless the following characteristics are demonstrated;
Ý the technical feasibility of completing the intangible asset so that it will be available for use or sale.
Ý its intention to complete the intangible asset and use or sell it.
Ý its ability to use or sell the intangible asset.
Ý the intangible asset will generate probable future economic benefits. Among other things, the entity can demonstrate the existence of a market for the output of the intangible asset or the intangible asset itself or, if it is to be used internally, the usefulness of the intangible asset.
Ý the availability of adequate technical, financial and other resources to complete the development and to use or sell the intangible asset.
Ý its ability to measure reliably the expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during its development.
iv) The expenditure to be capitalised include the cost of materials and other costs directly attributable to preparing the asset for its intended use. Other development expenditure is recognised in profit or loss as incurred.
g) Finance Cost
i) Borrowing costs include exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost. Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalised as part of the cost of the asset. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes substantial period to get ready for its intended use.
ii) Interest income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation.
iii) All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they occur.
iv) Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds.
h) Inventories
i) Inventories consists of raw materials and packing materials, work-in-progress, stock-in-trade, stores and spares and finished goods.
ii) Items of inventories are measured at lower of cost and net realisable value after providing for obsolescence, if any, except in case of by-products which are valued at net realisable value. Cost of inventories comprise of cost of purchase, cost of conversion and other costs including manufacturing overheads net of recoverable taxes incurred in bringing them to their respective present location and condition.
iii) The cost formulas used are Weighted Average Cost in case of raw material. Ancillary raw material, stores and spares, packing materials, trading and other products are determined at cost, with moving average price on FIFO basis.
iv) Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated cost of completion and the estimated cost necessary to make the sale.
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