a) Basis for preparation of financial Statements
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Indian Accounting Standards (“Ind AS”)
as prescribed by Ministry of Corporate Affairs pursuant to Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (“the Act”),
read with the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 (as amended), other relevant provisions of
the Act and other accounting principles generally accepted in India.
b) Basis of measurement
The Company maintains accounts on accrual basis following the historical cost convention, except for
followings:
^ Certain Financial Assets and Liabilities is measured at Fair value/ Amortized cost (refer accounting policy
regarding financial instruments);
^ Defined Benefit Plans — Plan assets measured at fair value.
c) Functional and Presentation Currency
The Financial Statements are presented in Indian Rupee (INR), which is the functional currency of the
Company and the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates.
d) Use of Estimates and Judgements
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Ind AS requires judgements, estimates and
assumptions to be made that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent
liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during
the reporting period. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in
which the results are known/ materialized.
e) Presentation of Financial Statements
The Balance Sheet and the Statement of Profit and Loss are prepared and presented in the format prescribed
in the Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013 (“the Act”). The Statement of Cash Flows has been prepared
and presented as per the requirements of Ind AS 7 “Statement of Cash flows”. The disclosure requirements
with respect to items in the Balance Sheet and Statement of Profit and Loss, as prescribed in the Schedule
III to the Act, are presented by way of notes forming part of the financial statements along with the other
notes required to be disclosed under the notified Indian Accounting Standards and the SEBI (Listing
Obligations and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2015 (as amended.
f) Operating Cycle for current and non-current classification
All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company's normal operating
cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013 and Ind AS 1. The Company
has ascertained its operating cycle as twelve months for the purpose of current and non-current classification
of assets and liabilities.
Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities respectively.
g) Measurement of Fair Values
A number of the Company’s accounting policies and disclosures require the measurement of fair values, for both
financial and non-financial assets and liabilities.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction
between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption
that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:
^ In the principal market for the asset or liability, or
^ In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.
The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company. The fair value of an asset
or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or
liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest. A fair value measurement of a
non-financial asset takes into account a market participant’s ability to generate economic benefits by using the
asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest
and best use.
The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data
are available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of
unobservable inputs.
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised
within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the input that is significant to the fair value
measurement as a whole:
^ Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
^ Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value
measurement is directly or indirectly observable and
^ Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value
measurement is unobservable.
h) New Standards / Amendments to Existing Standard issued and effective upto the date of issuance
of the Company’s Financial Statement are disclosed below:
On 28th March, 2018, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) has notified Ind AS 115 - Revenue from
Contracts with Customers and certain amendment to existing Ind AS. These amendments have been applicable
to the Company from 1st April 2018.
> Ind AS 115-Revenue from Contracts with Customers
Ind AS 115 supersedes Ind AS 11, Construction Contracts and Ind AS 18, Revenue. Ind AS 115 requires an
entity to report information regarding nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows
arising from contract with customers. The principle of Ind AS 115 is that an entity should recognize revenue
that demonstrates the transfer of promised goods and services to the customers at an amount that reflects
the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods and services.
Based on preliminary assessment performed by the Company, the impact of the application of the standard
is not expected to be material.
^ Amendment to Existing issued Ind AS
Ind AS 12 - Income Taxes
Ind AS 21 - The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates
Ind AS 28 - Investment in Associates and Joint Ventures
Ind AS 112 - Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities
The impact of the above standards on the financial statements, as assessed by the Company, is not expected
to be material.
i) Inventories
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value (NRV). Cost is measured by including,
unless specifically mentioned below, cost of purchase and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to
their present location and condition. However, materials and other items held for use in the production of
inventories are not written down below cost if the finished products in which they will be incorporated are
expected to be sold at or above cost. NRV is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business,
less estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale. Cost is ascertained on
First in First out basis for all inventories except for by products and scrap materials which are valued at net
realizable value.
j) Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalent in the balance sheet comprise cash at banks and on hand and short term deposits
with an original maturity of three months or less, which are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value.
For the purpose of the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, cash at
banks, term deposits and other short-term highly liquid investment.
k) Income Tax
The income tax expense or credit for the period is the tax payable on the current period’s taxable income
based on the applicable income tax rate for each jurisdiction adjusted by changes in deferred tax assets and
liabilities attributable to temporary differences and to unused tax losses. Current and deferred tax is
recognized in the statement of profit & loss, except to the extent that it relates to items recognized in other
comprehensive income or directly in equity. In this case, the tax is also recognized in other comprehensive
income or directly in equity, respectively.
l) Current Tax
Current tax liabilities (or assets) for the current and prior periods are measured at the amount expected to be
paid to (recovered from) the taxation authorities using the tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or
substantively enacted, at the end of the reporting period.
m) Deferred Tax
^ Deferred Tax assets and liabilities is measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply to the period
when the asset is realized or the liability is settled based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been
enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.
^ Deferred tax is recognized in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets
and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the corresponding amounts used for taxation
purposes (i.e., tax base). Deferred tax is also recognized for carry forward of unused tax losses and
unused tax credits.
^ Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available
against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and
unused tax losses can be utilized.
^ The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period. The
Company reduces the carrying amount of a deferred tax asset to the extent that it is no longer probable
that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow the benefit of part or that entire deferred tax asset
to be utilized. Any such reduction is reversed to the extent that it becomes probable that sufficient
taxable profit will be available.
n) Property, plant and equipment (including Capital work-in-progress)
Freehold land is carried at historical cost. All other items of property, plant and equipment are stated at
historical cost less depreciation. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the
acquisition of the items.
Subsequent cost are included in the asset’s carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate,
only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company
and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as
a separate asset is derecognised when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance expenses are charged to
profit or loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.
Assets acquired but not ready for use are classified under Capital work in progress and are stated at cost
comprising direct cost and related incidental expenses.
On transition to Ind AS, the Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of its property,
plant and equipment recognised as at 01 April 2016 measured as per the previous GAAP and use that carrying
value as the deemed cost of the property, plant and equipment.
o) Depreciation and Amortization
^ Depreciation on Property, Plant & Equipment is provided on Straight Line Method in terms of life span
of assets prescribed in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013 or as reassessed by the Company based
on the technical evaluation.
^ In case the cost of part of tangible asset is significant to the total cost of the assets and useful life of that
part is different from the remaining useful life of the asset, depreciation has been provided on straight
line method based on internal assessment and independent technical evaluation carried out by external
valuers, which the management believes that the useful lives of the component best represent the period
over which it expects to use those components
^ Depreciation on Fixed Assets has been provided on Straight - Line Method (SLM) in accordance with
the rates prescribed under Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013 over the life of the assets.
p) Revenue recognition
Revenue is recognized based to the extent it is probable that the economic benefit will flow to the company
and revenue can be reliably measured regardless of when the payment is being made. Revenue is measured at
the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, taking into account contractually defined terms of
payment, and excludes taxes & duties collected on behalf of the Government and is reduced for estimated
customer returns, rebates and other similar allowances.
q) Sale of Product
The Company recognizes revenue when the amount of revenue can be reliably measured, it is probable that
future economic benefits will flow to the Company and significant risk and reward incidental to sale of products
is transferred to the buyer, usually on delivery of the goods.
r) Revenue from rendering of services
Revenue from rendering of services is recognized on pro-rata basis over the period of contract and when the
performance of agreed contractual task has been completed.
s) Other Income
^ Interest Income: For all debt instruments measured either at amortized cost or at fair value through other
comprehensive income (FVTOCI), interest income is recorded using the effective interest rate (EIR). EIR
is the rate that exactly discounts the estimated future cash receipts over the expected life of the financial
instrument or a shorter period, where appropriate, to the gross carrying amount of the financial asset.
^ Dividend Income: Dividend income is accounted in the period in which the right to receive the same is
established.
^ Other Income: Other items of income are accounted as and when the right to receive such income arises
and it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the company and the amount of income can be
measured reliably.
t) Employee Benefits
^ Short Term Benefits: Short term employee benefit obligations are measured on an undiscounted
basis and are expensed as the related services are provided. Liabilities for wages and salaries, including
non-monetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within twelve months after the end of
the period in which the employees render the related service are recognized in respect of employees’
services up to the end of the reporting period.
^ Other Long Term Employee Benefits: The liabilities for earned/privilege leave that are not
expected to be settled wholly within twelve months are measured as the present value of the expected
future payments to be made in respect of services provided by employees up to the end of the
reporting period using the projected unit credit method. The benefits are discounted using the
government securities (G-Sec) at the end of the reporting period that have terms approximating to
the terms of related obligation. Remeasurements as the result of experience adjustment and changes
in actuarial assumptions are recognized in statement of profit and loss.
^ Post-Employment Benefits: The Company operates the following post-employment schemes
Defined Contribution Plan: Defined contribution plans such as Provident Fund, Employee State
Insurance etc. are charged to the statement of profit and loss as and when incurred and paid to
Authority.
Defined Benefit Plans: The liability or asset recognized in the Balance Sheet in respect of defined
benefit plans is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period
less the fair value of plan assets. The Company’s net obligation in respect of defined benefit plans is
calculated separately for each plan by estimating the amount of future benefit that employees have
earned in the current and prior periods. The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by
Actuaries using the projected unit credit method.
The liability recognized for defined benefit plans is the present value of the defined benefit obligation
at the reporting date less the fair value of plan assets, together with adjustments for unrecognized
actuarial gains or losses and past service costs. The net interest cost is calculated by applying the
discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets. The
benefits are discounted using the government securities (G-Sec) at the end of the reporting period
that have terms approximating to the terms of related obligation.
Remeasurements of the net defined benefit obligation, which comprise actuarial gains and losses, the
return on plan assets (excluding interest) and the effect of the asset ceiling, are recognized in other
comprehensive income. Remeasurements recognized in other comprehensive income is reflected
immediately in retained earnings and will not be reclassified to the statement of profit and loss.
u) Foreign Currency Transactions:
^ Foreign currency (other than the functional currency) transactions are translated into the functional
currency using the spot rates of exchanges at the dates of the transactions. Monetary assets and
liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the functional currency spot rate of
exchanges at the reporting date.
^ Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the
translation of monetary assets and liabilities are generally recognized in profit or loss in the year in
which they arise except for exchange differences on foreign currency borrowings relating to assets
under construction for future productive use, which are included in the cost of those qualifying assets
when they are regarded as an adjustment to interest costs on those foreign currency borrowings, the
balance is presented in the Statement of Profit and Loss within finance costs.
^ Non-monetary items are not retranslated at period end and are measured at historical cost (translated
using the exchange rate at the transaction date).
v) Borrowing Costs:
^ Borrowing Costs consists of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the
borrowings of funds. Borrowing costs also includes foreign exchange difference to the extent
regarded as an adjustment to the borrowing costs.
^ Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition or construction of a qualifying asset are
capitalized as a part of the cost of that asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to
complete and prepare the asset for its intended use or sale.
^ Transaction costs in respect of long term borrowing are amortized over the tenure of respective
loans using Effective Interest Rate (EIR) method. All other borrowing costs are recognized in the statement
of profit and loss in the period in which they are incurred.
w) Financial Instruments:
A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial
liability or equity instrument of another entity
> Financial Assets :
1. Recognition and Initial Measurement:
All financial assets are initially recognized when the company becomes a party to the
contractual provisions of the instruments. A financial asset is initially measured at fair
value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or
loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset.
2. Classification and Subsequent Measurement:
For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified in four
categories:
o Measured at Amortized Cost
o Measured at Fair Value Through Other Comprehensive Income (FVTOCI)
o Measured at Fair Value Through Profit or Loss (FVTPL); and
o Equity Instruments designated at Fair Value through Other Comprehensive
Income (FVTOCI).
Financial assets are not reclassified subsequent to their initial recognition, except if
and in the period the Company changes its business model for managing financial
assets
o Measured at Amortized Cost: A debt instrument is measured at the
amortized cost if both the following conditions are met
Ý The asset is held within a business model whose objective is
achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows; and
Ý The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified
dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and
interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.
After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured
at amortized cost using the effective interest rate (EIR) method. Amortized
cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on
acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR
amortization is included in finance income in the statement of profit or loss.
The losses arising from impairment are recognized in the profit or loss. This
category generally applies to trade receivables, cash and bank balances,
loans and other financial assets of the company
o Measured at FVTP : FVTPL is a residual category for debt instruments.
Any debt instrument, which does not meet the criteria for categorization as
at amortized cost or as FVTOCI, is classified as FVTPL. In addition, the
company may elect to designate a debt instrument, which otherwise meets
amortized cost or FVTOCI criteria, as at FVTPL. Debt instruments
included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all
changes recognized in the statement of profit and loss. Equity instruments
which are, held for trading are classified as at FVTPL.
3. Derecognition:
The Company derecognizes a financial asset on trade date only when the contractual
rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or when it transfers the financial asset
and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another entity
4. Impairment of Financial Assets:
The Company assesses at each date of balance sheet whether a financial asset or a
group of financial assets is impaired. Ind AS — 109 requires expected credit losses to
be measured through a loss allowance. The company recognizes impairment loss for
trade receivables that do not constitute a financing transaction using expected credit
loss model, which involves use of a provision matrix constructed on the basis of
historical credit loss experience. For all other financial assets, expected credit losses
are measured at an amount equal to the 12 month expected credit losses or at an
amount equal to the life time expected credit losses if the credit risk on the financial
asset has increased significantly since initial recognition.
> Financial Liabilities:
1. Recognition and Initial Measurement:
Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as at fair value through profit
or loss, loans and borrowings, payables or as derivatives, as appropriate. All financial
liabilities are recognized initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings
and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.
2. Subsequent Measurement:
Financial liabilities are measured subsequently at amortized cost or FVTPL. A
financial liability is classified as FVTPL if it is classified as held-for-trading, or it is a
derivative or it is designated as such on initial recognition. Financial liabilities at
FVTPL are measured at fair value and net gains and losses, including any interest
expense, are recognized in profit or loss. Other financial liabilities are subsequently
measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method. Interest expense
and foreign exchange gains and losses are recognized in profit or loss. Any gain or
loss on derecognition is also recognized in profit or loss.
3. Derecognition:
A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability is
discharged or cancelled or expires.
x) Earnings Per Share:
Basic Earnings per share (EPS) amounts are calculated by dividing the profit for the year attributable to
equity holders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted EPS
amounts are calculated by dividing the profit attributable to equity holders adjusted for the effects of
potential equity shares by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year plus
the weighted average number of equity shares that would be issued on conversion of all the dilutive
potential equity shares into equity shares.
y) Impairment of Non-Financial Assets:
The Company assesses, at each reporting date, whether there is an indication that an asset may be
impaired. An asset is treated as impaired when the carrying cost of the asset exceeds its recoverable value
being higher of value in use and net selling price. Value in use is computed at net present value of cash
flow expected over the balance useful lives of the assets. For the purpose of assessing impairment, assets
are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash inflows which are largely
independent of the cash inflows from other assets or group of assets (Cash Generating Units — CGU).
An impairment loss is recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which
an asset is identified as impaired. The impairment loss recognized in earlier accounting period is reversed
if there has been an improvement in recoverable amount.
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