B) Material Accounting Policies Statement of Compliance:
The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention on accrual basis of accounting and in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under the section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (the Act), the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 and other relevant provisions of the Act.
These financial statement has been approved for issue by the Board of Directors at their meeting held on May 23, 2025.
Basis of preparation of financial statements:
The financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for the following assets and liabilities which have been measured at fair value:
Ý Certain financial assets and liabilities and contingent consideration that is measured at fair value;
Ý Defined benefit plans - plan assets measured at fair value
Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for goods and services.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between the market participants at the measurement date.
The statement of financial position (including statement of changes in equity) and the statement of profit and loss are prepared and presented in the format prescribed in Division II of Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. The cash flow statement has been prepared under indirect method and presented as per the requirements of Ind AS 7 “Cash Flow Statements”. The disclosure requirements with respect to items in the balance sheet and statement of profit and loss, as prescribed in Schedule III to the Act, are presented by way of notes forming part of accounts along with the other notes required to be disclosed under the notified Accounting Standards.
Functional and Presentation Currency:
These financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (INR), which is also the Company’s functional currency. All amounts have been rounded off to the nearest lakhs unless otherwise indicated. Per share data are presented in Indian Rupees.
Use of Estimates & Judgements:
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with recognition and measurement principles of Ind AS requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported balances of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities as at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. Although these estimates are based upon Management’s best knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ from these estimates. Differences between the actual results and estimates are recognised in the year is which the results are known/ materialised. Any revision to the estimates is recognized and disclosed prospectively in the current and future periods.
Estimates & underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimates are revised and future periods are affected.
Fair Value Measurement:
A number of the Company’s accounting policies and disclosures require measurement of fair values, for both financial and non-financial assets and liabilities.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer of liability takes place either:
Ý In the principal market for the asset or liability or
Ý In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for assets or liability
The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.
The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs.
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:
Ý Level 1 - Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active market for identical assets or liabilities.
Ý Level 2 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable.
Ý Level 3 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable.
For assets and liabilities that are recognised in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in hierarchy by re¬ assessing categorisation (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.
For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Company has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the nature, characteristics and risks of the assets and liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above.
This note summarises accounting policy for fair value. Other fair value related disclosures are given in the relevant notes.
Ý Disclosures for valuation methods, significant estimates and assumptions
Ý Financial Instruments (including those carried at amortised cost)
Revenue recognition:
Ý IND AS 115 Revenue from contracts with customers outlines a single comprehensive model of accounting for revenue from contracts with customers and supersedes current revenue recognition guidance found within IND AS.
Ý Revenue from sale of goods is recognised net of rebates and discounts on transfer of significant risks and rewards of ownership to buyer. Sale of goods is recognised gross of taxes.
Ý Revenue on service contracts is recognized on the basis of completed service contract method
Ý Export benefits available are accounted for in the year of export, to the extent the realisation of the same is not considered uncertain by the Company.
Ý Interest is accounted on time proportion basis except in the case of tax assessment dues/refund, which are accounted on cash basis.
Ý Dividend income is accounted as and when the right to receive is established.
Leases:
The determination of whether an arrangement is (or contains) a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at the inception of the lease. The arrangement is, or contains, a lease if fulfilment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets and the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset or assets, even if that right is not explicitly specified in an arrangement.
Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessee. All other leases are classified as operating leases.
Finance leases are capitalised at the commencement of the lease at the inception date fair value of the leased property or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. Lease payments are apportioned between finance charges and reduction of the lease liability so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance charges are recognised in finance costs in the statement of profit and loss, unless they are directly attributable to the qualifying assets, in which case they are capitalised in accordance with the Company’s policy on the borrowing costs.
Contingent rentals, if any, are recognised as expenses in the periods in which they are incurred.
A leased asset is depreciated over the useful life of the asset. However, if there is no reasonable certainty that the Company will obtain ownership by the end of the lease term, the asset is depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset and the lease term.
Operating lease payments are recognised as an expense in the statement of profit and loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Income Taxes:
(i) Current income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities. Taxable profit differs from ‘profit before tax’ as reported in the statement of profit and loss because of items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in the other years and the items that are never taxable or deductible. The Company’s current tax is calculated using tax rates which have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of reporting period. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in tax return with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.
(ii) Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax base used in computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets (including unused tax credits and unused tax losses) are generally recognised for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilised.
The carrying amount of deferred tax asset is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of asset to be recovered.
Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset is realised based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantially enacted by the end of the reporting period.
Deferred tax relating to items recognised outside profit or loss is recognised outside profit or loss (either in OCI or in equity). Deferred tax items are recognised in correlation to the underlying transactions either in OCI or directly in equity.
Property, Plant and Equipment:
Recognition and Measurement:
Property, plant & equipment acquired by the Company are reported at acquisition cost, with deductions for accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. The acquisition cost includes purchase price (excluding refundable taxes) and expenses, such as delivery and handling costs, installation, legal and consultancy services, directly attributable to bringing the asset to the site and in working condition for its intended use.
Subsequent Expenditure
Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company.
Depreciation:
Depreciation is calculated on cost of items of property, plant and equipment less their estimated residual value over their estimated useful lives using the straight line method and is generally recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
The Company has charged Depreciation based on the basis of Straight Line Method and useful life of assets prescribed in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013, except for individual assets costing up to Rupees five thousand are depreciated in full in the period of purchase.
The residual values, useful lives and method of depreciation of PPE is reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate. Any gain or loss arising on disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and equipment is determined as the difference between the sale proceeds and the carrying value of the asset and is recognised in profit and loss account.
Capital work in progress is stated at cost.
Intangible Assets:
Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed as either finite or indefinite.
Intangible assets with finite lives are amortised over useful economic life and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. The amortisation period and the amortisation method for an intangible asset with a finite useful life are reviewed at least at the end of each reporting period.
Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortised, but are tested for impairment annually. The assessment of indefinite life is reviewed annually to determine whether the indefinite life continues to be supportable. If not, the change in useful life from indefinite to finite is made on a prospective basis.
Employee Benefits:
Provident Fund
Retirement benefit in the form of provident fund is a defined contribution scheme. The Company has no obligation other than the contribution payable to the provident fund. Contribution as required by the Statute paid to the Government Provident Fund as also contribution paid to other recognized Provident Fund Trust is debited to the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Gratuity
Gratuity liability is a defined benefit obligation for employees. The Company’s net obligation in respect of a defined benefit plan is calculated by estimating the amount of future benefit that employees have earned in return for their service in the current and prior periods; that benefit is discounted to determine its present value, and the fair value of any plan assets is deducted.
Actuarial gains and losses are recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Re¬ measurement which comprise of actuarial gain and losses, the return of plan assets (excluding interest) and the effect of asset ceiling (if any, excluding interest) are recognised in OCI.
Earnings per share:
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Earnings considered in ascertaining the Company’s earnings per share is the net profit for the period after deducting preference dividends and any attributable tax thereto for the period. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period and for all periods presented is adjusted for events, such as bonus shares, other than the conversion of potential equity shares that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources.
For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
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