NOTE - 2 MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
2.01 Basis of preparation of financial statements
The financial statements have been prepared in compliance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (the Act) [Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015] and other relevant provisions of the Act.
2.02 Foreign currency translation
(i) Functional and presentation currency Items included in the financial statements of the Company are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (‘the functional currency5). The standalone financial statements are presented in Indian rupee (INR), which is the company’s functional and presentation currency.
(ii) Transactions and balances Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end exchange rates are generally recognised in profit and loss.
Non-monetary items that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value was determined. Translation differences on assets and liabilities carried at fair value are reported as part of the fair value gain or loss. The gain or loss arising on translation of non-monetary items measured at fair value is treated in line with the recognition of the gain or loss on the change in fair value of the item (i.e., translation differences on items whose fair value gain or loss is recognised in OCI or profit and loss are also recognised in OCI or profit and loss, respectively).
2.03 Use of estimates
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the management to make estimates and assumptions considered in the reported amounts of assets and liabilities (including contingent liabilities) and the reported income and expenses during the year. The management believes that the estimates used in preparation of the financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Future results could differ due to these estimates and the differences between the actual results and the estimates are recognised in the periods in which the results are known / materialise. Significant estimates used by the management in the preparation of these financial statements include, classification of assets and liabilities into current and non-current, estimates of the economic useful lives of fixed assets. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognised prospectively.
2.04 Tangible Fixed Assets - Property Plant and Equipment
Tangible fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Cost comprises of the purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use.
2.05 Inventories
Inventory comprises of unamortised cost of films and cost incurred till date for under production films. The cost of films is amortised in the ratio of current revenue to expected total revenue. At the end of each accounting period, balance unamortised cost is compared with net expected revenue. If net expected revenue is less than unamortised cost, the same is written down to net expected revenue.
Expenses of under production films incurred till the films are ready for release are inventoried.
2.06 Investments:
All long-term investments are valued at cost. Provision for diminution in the value of each long-term investment is made to recognise a decline other than a temporary nature. Current Investments are carried individually at lower of cost or fair value and the resultant decline is charged to the revenue.
2.07 Revenue Recognition
The Company has adopted Ind AS 115, Revenue from Contract with Customers with effect from 1st April 2018.
Film production and related income
Revenue is measured at the Transaction price of the consideration received or receivable. Revenue from production of movie is recognized on assignment/ sale of the rights in the concerned movie from the date of their availability for exploitation or on the date of release of the movie and in some other cases as per the terms of movie production agreements entered into with the customer, as applicable.
Revenue from other rights in the movie such as satellite rights, overseas rights, music rights, video rights, etc., is recognized on assignment/ sale of the rights in the concerned movie from the date of their availability for exploitation, as applicable.
Interest income
Interest income is recognised on a time proportion basis.
2.08 Depreciation:
Depreciation on Tangible fixed assets are provided for in accordance with schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013. Depreciation on addition/deduction during the year has been provided on
Pro-rata basis.
2.09 Taxation
Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961. Provision for current income tax is made on current tax rate based on assessable income computed under Income Tax Act 1961 or Book profit is computed under section 115JB (MAT) whichever is higher. MAT credit is recognised subject to requirement of virtual certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available for set off.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognised for future tax consequences attributable to the timing differences between taxable income and accounting income that are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods and are measured using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted as at the Balance Sheet date. Deferred Tax assets are not recognized unless, in the management judgment, there is virtual certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. The carrying amount of deferred tax is reviewed at each balance sheet date.
2.10 Cash and cash equivalents
For the purpose of presentation in the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, call deposits and other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
2.11 Financial instruments
A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity. Financial instruments also include derivative contracts such as foreign currency foreign exchange forward contracts, interest rate swaps and currency options; and embedded derivatives in the host contract.
i) Financial assets Classification
The Company shall classify financial assets as subsequently measured at amortised cost, fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI) or fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL) on the basis of its business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset.
Initial recognition and measurement
All financial assets are recognised initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within a time frame established by regulation or convention in the market place (regular way trades) are recognised on the trade date, i.e., the date that the Company commits to purchase or sell the asset. However, trade Receivables that do not contain a significant financing component are measured at transaction price
Debt instruments
A ‘debt instrument’ is measured at the amortised cost if both the following conditions are met:
a) The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets for collecting contractual cash flows, and
b) Contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.
Ý After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate (EIR) method. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included in finance income in the profit and loss.
Ý Debt instruments included within the fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL) category are measured at fair value with all changes recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
Equity instruments
The Company subsequently measures all equity investments in companies other than equity investments in subsidiaries, at fair value. Where the Company’s management has elected to present fair value gains and losses on equity investments in other comprehensive income, there is no subsequent reclassification of fair value gains and losses to profit or loss. Dividends from such investments are recognised in profit and loss as other income when the Company’s right to receive payments is established.
De-recognition
Ý A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a Company of similar financial assets) is primarily derecognised (i.e. removed from the Company’s balance sheet) when:
Ý The rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired, or
Ý The Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a ‘pass¬ through’ arrangement; and either (a) the Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) the Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.
Ý When the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from an asset or has entered into a pass-through arrangement, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset, nor transferred control of the asset, the Company continues to recognise the transferred asset to the extent of the Company’s continuing involvement. In that case, the Company also recognises an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.
Ý Continuing involvement that takes the form of a guarantee over the transferred asset is measured at the lower of the original carrying amount of the asset and the maximum amount of consideration that the Company could be required to repay.
Impairment of financial assets
In accordance with Ind-AS 109, the Company applies expected credit loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss on the following financial assets and credit risk exposure:
a) Financial assets that are debt instruments, and are measured at amortised cost e.g., loans, debt securities, deposits, and bank balance
b) Trade receivables - The application of simplified approach does not require the Company to track changes in credit risk. Rather, it recognises impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition.
ii) Financial liabilities Classification
The Company classifies all financial liabilities as subsequently measured at amortised cost, except for financial liabilities at fair value through profit and loss. Such liabilities, including derivatives that are liabilities, shall be subsequently measured at fair value.
Initial recognition and measurement
Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, loans and borrowings, payables, or as derivatives designated as hedging instruments in an effective hedge, as appropriate.
All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.
The Company’s financial liabilities include trade and other payables, loans and borrowings including bank overdrafts, and derivative financial instruments.
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit and loss
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit and loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit and loss. Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term. This category also includes derivative financial instruments entered into by the Company that are not designated as hedging instruments in hedge relationships as defined by Ind-AS 109.
Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the profit and loss.
Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit and loss are designated at the initial date of recognition, and only if the criteria in Ind-AS 109 are satisfied. For liabilities designated as FVTPL, fair value gains/ losses attributable to changes in own credit risk are recognised in OCI. These gains/losses are not subsequently transferred to profit and loss. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity. All other changes in fair value of such liability are recognised in the statement of profit and loss. The Company has not designated any financial liability as at fair value through profit and loss.
Loans and borrowings
After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the EIR method. Gains and losses are recognised in profit and loss when the liabilities are derecognised.
Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss.
This category generally applies to interest-bearing loans and borrowings.
Derecognition
A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
Offsetting of financial instruments
Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet where there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. The legally enforceable right must not be contingent on future events and must be enforceable in the normal course of business and in the event of default, insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company or the counterparty.
2.12 Earning Per Share:
Earnings Per Share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of the equity shares outstanding during the period.
2.13 Current vs non-current classification
The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current/ non-current classification.
An asset is treated as current when it is:
Ý Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle
Ý Held primarily for the purpose of trading
Ý Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period, or
Ý Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period
All other assets are classified as non-current.
A liability is current when:
Ý It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle
Ý It is held primarily for the purpose of trading
Ý It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or
Ý There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period
The Company classifies all other liabilities as non-current
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities.
The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents. The Company has identified twelve months as its operating cycle.
2.14 Key estimates and assumptions
• Provisions and contingent liabilities
The Company exercises judgment in measuring and recognising provisions and the exposures to contingent liabilities related to pending litigation or other outstanding claims subject to negotiated settlement, mediation, arbitration or government regulation, as well as other contingent liabilities. Judgment is necessary in assessing the likelihood that a pending claim will succeed, or a liability will arise, and to quantify the possible range of the financial settlement. Because of the inherent uncertainty in this evaluation process, actual losses may be different from the originally estimated provision.
• Measurement of fair values
The Company's accounting policies and disclosures require the measurement of fair values, for both financial and non-financial assets and liabilities. The Company has an established control framework with respect to the measurement of fair values. The finance team has overall responsibility for overseeing all significant fair value measurements, including Level 3 fair values, and reports directly to the CFO.
They regularly review significant unobservable inputs and valuation adjustments. If third party information is used to measure fair values then the finance team assesses the evidence obtained from the third parties to support the conclusion that such valuations meet the requirements of Ind AS, including the level in the fair value hierarchy in which such valuations should be classified.
When measuring the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company uses observable market data as far as possible. Fair values are categorized into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows:
Ý Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Ý Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices).
Ý Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).
If the inputs used to measure the fair value of an asset or a liability fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy, then the fair value measurement is categorized in its entirety in the same level of the fair value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the entire measurement.
2.15 Impairment of Tangible assets
Carrying amount of assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment. An asset is treated as impaired when the carrying amount of assets exceeds its recoverable value. An impairment loss is charged to the statement of profit & loss in the year in which an asset is identified as impaired. The impairment loss recognised in prior accounting period is reversed if there has been a change in the estimate of recoverable amount.
|