1. Significant Accounting Policies
1.1 Basis of Preparation
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Indian Accounting Standards
(hereinafter referred to as the ‘Ind AS’) as notified by Ministry of Corporate Affairs pursuant to Section
133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (‘Act’) read with of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards)
Rules,2015 and other relevant provisions of the Act.
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Indian Accounting Standards
(hereinafter referred to as the ‘Ind AS’) as notified by Ministry of Corporate Affairs pursuant to Section
133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (‘Act’) read with of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards)
Rules,2015 and other relevant provisions of the Act.
These financial statements for the year ended 31st March, 2025 are the eighth financials with comparatives,
prepared under Ind AS and the financial statements for the year ended 31st March, 2018 are the first
financials with comparatives, prepared under Ind AS. For all previous periods, the Company had prepared
its financial statements in accordance with the accounting standards notified under companies (Accounting
Standard) Rule, 2006 (as amended) and other relevant provisions of the Act (hereinafter referred to as
‘Previous GAAP’) used for its statutory reporting requirement in India.
The accounting policies are applied consistently to all the periods presented in the financial statements,
including the preparation of the opening Ind AS Balance Sheet as at 1st April, 2017.
The financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for the following:
a) Certain financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value;
b) Assets held for sale-measured at lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell;
c) Defined benefit plans - plan assets measured at fair value
1.2 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
a) Current vs Non-Current Classification
The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current/non-current
classification. An asset is treated as current when it is:
> Expected to be realized or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle
> Held primarily for the purpose of trading
> Expected to be realised within twelve months after reporting period, or
> Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at
least twelve months after the reporting period.
All other assets are classified as non-current.
A liability is current when:
> Expected to be settled in normal operating cycle.
> Held primarily for the purpose of trading
> Due to be settled within twelve months after reporting period, or
> There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months
after the reporting period.
The Company classifies all other liabilities as non-current.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities.
The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realization in cash
and cash equivalent. The Company has identified twelve months as its operating cycle.
b) Use of estimates and judgements
The estimates and judgments used in the preparation of the financial statements are continuously evaluated
by the Company and are based on historical experience and various other assumptions and factors
(including expectations of future events) that the Company believes to be reasonable under the existing
circumstances. Differences between actual results and estimates are recognised in the period in which the
results are known/materialised.
The said estimates are based on the facts and events, that existed as at the reporting date, or that occurred
after that date but provide additional evidence about conditions existing as at the reporting date.
c) Property, Plant & Equipment
On transition to Ind AS, the Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of its property,
plant and equipment recognized as at April 1, 2017, measured as per the previous GAAP, and use that
carrying value as the deemed cost of such property, plant and equipment.
Property, plant & equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated
impairment losses, if any. The cost comprises purchase price, borrowing costs if capitalization criteria are
met, directly attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for the intended use. Any trade
discounts and rebates are deducted in arriving at the purchase price. In case of assets acquired in exchange
for a non-monetary asset, the cost of such an item of property, plant and equipment is measured at fair
value unless (a) the exchange transaction lacks commercial substance or (b) the fair value of neither the
asset received nor the asset given up is reliably measurable. All other repair and maintenance costs are
recognised in profit or loss as incurred.
The Company identifies and determines cost of each component/ part of the asset separately, if the
component/ part has a cost which is significant to the total cost of the asset and has useful life that is
materially different from that of the remaining asset.
An item of Property, plant and equipment and any significant part initially recognised is derecognized
upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Any gain or loss
arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and
the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the statement of profit or loss when the asset is
derecognized.
The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of Property, plant and equipment are
reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.
d) Depreciation on Property, Plant & Equipment
Depreciation on Property, Plant & Equipment is calculated on a written down value (WDV) basis using
the rates arrived at based on the useful lives estimated by the management which is as per the rates
specified in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013.
e) Inventories
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value.
f) Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognised to the extent it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and
the revenue can be reliably measured, regardless of when the payment is being made. Revenue is measured
at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, taking into account contractually defined terms
of payment and excluding taxes or duties collected on behalf of the government.
Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the
goods have passed to the buyer, usually on delivery of the goods. Revenue from the sale of goods is
measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, net of returns and allowances, trade
discounts and volume rebates.
g) Borrowing Cost
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that
necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalised as part
of the cost of the asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they occur.
Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing
of funds.
h) Employee Benefits
Short term benefits and post-employment benefits are accounted in the period during which the services
have been rendered.
i) Taxation
Current income tax
Current income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid
to the taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to
compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date.
Current income tax relating to items recognised outside profit or loss is recognised outside profit or loss
(either in other comprehensive income or in equity). Current tax items are recognised in correlation to the
underlying transaction either in OCI or directly in equity. Management periodically evaluates positions
taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to
interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.
Current tax assets and liabilities are offset only if there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized
amounts, and it is intended to realise the asset and settle the liability on a net basis or simultaneously.
Deferred tax
Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets
and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date. Deferred
tax liabilities are recognised for all taxable temporary differences.
Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax
credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that
taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward
of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that
it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax
asset to be utilised. Unrecognised deferred tax assets are re-assessed at each reporting date and are
recognised to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax
asset to be recovered.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when
the asset is realised or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or
substantively enacted at the reporting date.
Deferred tax relating to items recognised outside profit or loss is recognised outside profit or loss (either in
other comprehensive income or in equity). Deferred tax items are recognised in correlation to the
underlying transaction either in OCI or directly in equity.
Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current
tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred taxes relate to the same taxable entity and the same
taxation authority.
j) Impairment of non-financial assets
The Company assesses, at each reporting date, whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired.
If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates
the asset’s recoverable amount. An asset’s recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s or cash¬
generating unit’s (CGU) fair value less costs of disposal or its value in use. Recoverable amount is
determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely
independent of those from other assets or group of assets. When the carrying amount of an asset or CGU
exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable
amount. Impairment losses, are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
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