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Company Information

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NORTHERN ARC CAPITAL LTD.

17 October 2025 | 12:00

Industry >> Finance & Investments

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ISIN No INE850M01015 BSE Code / NSE Code 544260 / NORTHARC Book Value (Rs.) 205.28 Face Value 10.00
Bookclosure 52Week High 290 EPS 18.85 P/E 14.20
Market Cap. 4325.22 Cr. 52Week Low 141 P/BV / Div Yield (%) 1.30 / 0.00 Market Lot 1.00
Security Type Other

AUDITOR'S REPORT

You can view full text of the latest Director's Report for the company.
Year End :2025-03 

1. We have audited the accompanying standalone financial
statements of Northern Arc Capital Limited ('the Company'),
which comprise the Standalone Balance Sheet as at 31 March
2025, the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss (including
Other Comprehensive Income), the Standalone Statement of
Cash Flow and the Standalone Statement of Changes in Equity
for the year then ended, and notes to the standalone financial
statements, including material accounting policy information
and other explanatory information.

2. In our opinion and to the best of our information and
according to the explanations given to us, the aforesaid
standalone financial statements give the information
required by the Companies Act, 2013 ('the Act') in the manner
so required and give a true and fair view in conformity with
the Indian Accounting Standards ('Ind AS') specified under
section 133 of the Act read with the Companies (Indian
Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 and other accounting
principles generally accepted in India, of the state of affairs
of the Company as at 31 March 2025, and its profit including
other comprehensive income, its cash flows and the changes
in equity for the year ended on that date.

Basis for Opinion

3. We conducted our audit in accordance with the Standards
on Auditing specified under section 143(10) of the Act. Our
responsibilities under those standards are further described
in the Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the
Standalone Financial Statements section of our report. We
are independent of the Company in accordance with the Code

of Ethics issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of
India ('ICAI') together with the ethical requirements that are
relevant to our audit of the standalone financial statements
under the provisions of the Act and the rules thereunder,
and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in
accordance with these requirements and the Code of Ethics.
We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is
sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Emphasis of Matter: Exclusion of FLDG credit in
calculation of ECL

4. We draw attention to Note 83 to the accompanying
standalone financial statements, which describes the impact
of the regulatory directions received by the Company from
the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) vide e-mail communication
dated 16 May 2025, pursuant to which the Company is
required to exclude credit enhancements under First Loss
Default Guarantee (FLDG) arrangement available at portfolio
level as at 31 March 2025 from the computation of Expected
Credit Losses (ECL) calculated as per Ind AS 109, Financial
Instruments and provide for additional ECL on account of
such change by 30 June 2025. Our opinion is not modified in
respect of this matter.

Key Audit Matters

5. Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional
judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the
standalone financial statements of the current period. These
matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the
standalone financial statements as a whole, and in forming
our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate
opinion on these matters.

Key audit matter

How our audit addressed the key audit matter

1) Impairment of loan asset based on Expected Credit Losses (ECL) (Refer note 3 for material accounting policies and note 7 for

financial disclosures in the accompanying standalone financial statements

As at 31 March 2025, the Company reported gross loans of ^1,083,753.97 lakhs against which provision for expected credit loss of

^26,516.19 lakhs has been recorded in accordance with Ind AS 109 -

Financial Instruments. The Company has written off loans of ^

60,930.24 lakhs during the current year.

Ind AS 109, Financial Instruments (Ind AS 109) requires the

Our audit procedures were focused on assessing the

Company to provide for impairment of its loan assets using the

appropriateness of management's judgment and estimates used in

expected credit loss ('ECL') approach. The Company has applied

the impairment analysis that included, but were not limited to, the

a three-stage approach based on changes in credit quality of loan

following:

assets which is primarily determined based on number of days past

?

Examined the Board of Director's policy approving

due for each loan asset apart from other factors considered by the

methodology for computation of ECL that addresses policies

management for ascertaining significant increase in credit risk.

and procedures for assessing and measuring credit risk on

The ECL is measured at 12-month ECL for Stage 1 loan assets and

the lending exposures of the Company in accordance with the

at lifetime ECL for Stage 2 and Stage 3 loan assets in accordance

requirements of Ind AS 109.

with the accounting policy adopted by the Company.

Significant management judgements and assumptions are
involved in measuring ECL with respect to:

? management overlays

?

Involved auditor's specialists and obtained an understanding
of the modelling techniques adopted by the Company
including the key inputs and assumptions. Since modelling
assumptions and parameters are based on historical data,
industry benchmarks and macro-economic factors, we

? determining the criteria for significant increase in credit risk

assessed whether such historical experience and the industry

and default risk i.e. staging of loan assets

information was representative of current circumstances and

? factoring in forward-looking information (including

was relevant in view of the recent impairment losses incurred

macroeconomic factors on a portfolio level)

within the portfolios. Further, assessed reasonableness for the
macro-economic factors considered for the portfolio segments.

? techniques used to determine probability of default, loss
given default and exposure at default.

These parameters are derived from the Company's internally
developed statistical models, historical data, macro-economic
factors. Any change in such models or assumptions could have
a material impact on the accompanying standalone financial
statements.

?

Assessed and tested the design and operating effectiveness of
the key controls over the completeness and accuracy of the key
inputs and assumptions considered for calculation, recording
and monitoring of the impairment loss recognized. Also,
evaluated the controls over the modelling process, validation
of data and related approvals.

?

Tested the underlying forecast of future cash flows used in

Similarly, the Company is also required to make judgements to

impairment workings with the agreed repayment schedules

identify the loan assets which are non-recoverable and thereby
determined to be written off. Further as described in note 83

on a test check basis

to the accompanying standalone financial statements as per

?

Evaluated the appropriateness of the Company's determination

the Reserve Bank of India RBI e-mail communication dated 16

of significant increase in credit risk in accordance with

May 2025, the management has excluded credit enhancements

the applicable accounting standard and the basis for

under First Loss Default Guarantee (FLDG) arrangements from

classification of exposures into various stages. For a sample

the computation of ECL per Ind AS 109 as at 31 March 2025 and

of exposures, we also tested the appropriateness of the

to provide the same in the financial statements by 30 June 2025.

Company's categorization across various stages by evaluating

This matter has also been considered as fundamental to the

management's assessment of parameters.

users' understanding of the financial statements

?

Evaluated the appropriateness of the methodology and policy

Considering the significance of the above matter to the standalone

laid down and implemented by the Company for the loan

financial statements, degree of estimation uncertainty and

portfolio written-off during the year and tested its compliance

significant management judgment involved, this area required
significant auditor attention to test such complex accounting
estimates, and accordingly, this matter has been identified as a
key audit matter for the current year audit.

on a sample basis.

Key audit matter

How our audit addressed the key audit matter

?

Evaluated Company's compliance with the RBI directions vide
e-mail communication dated 16 May 2025, with respect to
exclusion of credit enhancements under FLDG arrangements
from the computation of ECL as on 31 March 2025 and verified
the mathematical accuracy in such computation.

?

Challenged the management on post model adjustments,
considering the size and complexity of management overlays,
in order to assess the reasonableness of the adjustments.

?

Assessed the appropriateness and adequacy of the related
presentation and disclosures in the accompanying standalone
financial statements in accordance with the applicable
accounting standards and related RBI circulars.

?

Obtained appropriate written representations from
the management.

2) Information Technology("IT") systems and controls for accounting and financial reporting process

The Company is highly dependent on its IT systems for carrying
on its operations which require large volume of transactions
to be processed on daily basis and use of multiple software
applications at central level

The Company uses various loan management system (LMS) for
different loan products for sourcing, processing, recording and
management of loan database some of which are integrated with
the financial accounting and reporting software. Transfer of
data from/to LMS to financial reporting systems are critical for
accurate compilation of financial information.

As a result, there is a high degree of reliance and dependency
on such IT systems for the accounting and financial reporting
process of the Company which impacts key financial accounting
and reporting items such as loans, interest income, computation
of daily DPD, impairment on loans amongst others.

Appropriate IT general controls and application controls are
required to ensure that such IT systems are able to process the
data, as required, completely, accurately and consistently for
reliable financial reporting.

The Company has put in place IT General Controls and automated
IT controls to ensure the integrity, accuracy, completeness,
validity and reliability of the information produced by the
Company which is used for its financial reporting.

Among other things, the management also uses the information
produced by the Company's IT systems for accounting and
the preparation and presentation of the standalone financial
statements.

Since our audit strategy included focus on key IT systems and
controls relevant to our audit due to their pervasive impact on
the standalone financial statements, we have determined the
use of IT systems for accounting and financial reporting as a key
audit matter for current year audit.

Our key audit procedures with the involvement of our IT specialists

included, but were not limited to, the following:

? Obtained an understanding of the Company's IT related control
environment and conducted risk assessment and identified
IT applications, data bases and operating systems that are
relevant to our audit.

? Tested the design and operating effectiveness of the Company's
IT controls over the IT applications as identified above;

? Reviewed the report on the assessment of cyber security breach
prepared by the management's expert and evaluated that there
is no impact of the same on the financial reporting IT systems.

? Tested controls for segregations of duties around
program maintenance, security administration and key
business processes.

? Tested IT General Controls such as, logical access, change
management and aspects of IT operational controls. Tested that
request for access to systems were appropriately reviewed and
authorized; tested controls around Company's periodic review
of access rights; inspected requests of changes to systems for
appropriate approval and authorization.

? Tested related interfaces, integration, configuration and
other application layer controls identified during our audit
and report logic for system generated reports relevant to the
audit mainly for loans, interest income and impairment of loan
assets for evaluating completeness and accuracy.

? Where deficiencies were identified, tested compensating
controls or performed alternative procedures.

? Obtained appropriate written representations from
the management.

Key audit matter

How our audit addressed the key audit matter

3) Classification and measurement of Loans - Business model assessment and Fair valuation of loans held at fair value through

other comprehensive income ("FVTOCI") - (Refer note 3 for material accounting policies and note 7 for financial disclosures

in the accompanying standalone financial statements

As at 31 March 2025, the Company has loans amounting to ^ 2,17,633.08 lakhs (31 March 2024: ^ 2,61,483.91 lakhs) that are carried

and measured at FVTOCI in accordance with Ind AS 109.

Financial assets, i.e. loan assets have been classified and

Our audit procedures in relation to the business model and

measured as per Ind AS 109, Financial Instruments.

loans measured at FVTOCI included, but were not limited, to the

The assessment as to how an asset should be classified is made

following:

on the basis of both the entity's business model for managing the

?

Obtained an understanding of the 'Business Model Policy

financial asset and the contractual cash flow characteristics of

Note' approved by the Board of Directors of the Company,

the financial asset.

and evaluated whether the identified loans satisfy the

The management has assessed its business model on the basis
of its approved credit policies, business plan and history of sale
of loan assets wherein certain loans have been held to collect
contractual cash flows (solely payments of principal and interest
on the amount outstanding) and certain loans are held to collect

conditions of Ind AS 109 for measurement at amortized cost
or FVTOCI. Tested the sale of loan assets made during the
year and compared with the management's plan and intent,
to validate the management's conclusion for classification and
measurement of loans.

contractual cash flows and also for sale, and consequently, loans

?

Assessed the design and tested the operating effectiveness of

have been classified and measured at 'amortized cost' and

internal controls over classification of loans on the basis of

'Fair value through Other Comprehensive Income' (FVTOCI)

management's intent and managements' key internal controls

respectively in accordance with principles of Ind AS 109.

over inputs used in the valuation model.

In measuring the fair value of loans, valuation methods are

?

Involved auditor's specialists and assessed whether the

used based on inputs that are not directly observable from

fair valuation methodology adopted by the management is

market information and certain other unobservable inputs. The

appropriate and tested the reasonableness of the underlying

management has an internal team for arriving at the fair value of

assumptions used such as discount rates, future cash flows, etc

aforesaid loans. Such fair value is derived using discounted cash

to estimate the fair value of the such loans. Also, on test check

flow models wherein the key assumptions include discount rate,

basis tested the completeness of source data and arithmetical

adjustment for credit risk including default risk.

accuracy of the management working.

Given the subjectivity and degree of complexity involved in

?

Assessed the appropriateness and adequacy of the related

ascertaining the business model and the fair valuation of the

presentation and disclosures in the accompanying standalone

aforesaid loans, relative significance of these loans to the

financial statements in accordance with the applicable

standalone financial statements and the nature and extent of audit

accounting standards.

procedures involved, we determined this to be a key audit matter.

?

Obtained appropriate written representations
from the management

Information other than the Financial Statements and
Auditor's Report thereon

6. The Company's Board of Directors are responsible for the
other information. The other information comprises the
information included in the Annual Report but does not
include the standalone financial statements and our auditor's
report thereon. The Annual Report is expected to be made
available to us after the date of this auditor's report.

Our opinion on the standalone financial statements does
not cover the other information and we do not and will not
express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.

In connection with our audit of the standalone financial
statements, our responsibility is to read the other information
identified above and, in doing so, consider whether the other
information is materially inconsistent with the standalone

financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit
or otherwise appears to be materially misstated.

When we read the Annual Report, if we conclude that there
is a material misstatement therein, we are required to
communicate the matter to those charged with governance.

Responsibilities of Management and Those Charged
with Governance for the Standalone Financial
Statements

7. The accompanying standalone financial statements have
been approved by the Company's Board of Directors. The
Company's Board of Directors are responsible for the
matters stated in section 134(5) of the Act with respect
to the preparation and presentation of these standalone
financial statements that give a true and fair view of the

financial position, financial performance including other
comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows
of the Company in accordance with the Ind AS specified
under section 133 of the Act and other accounting principles
generally accepted in India. This responsibility also includes
maintenance of adequate accounting records in accordance
with the provisions of the Act for safeguarding of the assets
of the Company and for preventing and detecting frauds and
other irregularities; selection and application of appropriate
accounting policies; making judgments and estimates that
are reasonable and prudent; and design, implementation
and maintenance of adequate internal financial controls,
that were operating effectively for ensuring the accuracy
and completeness of the accounting records, relevant to the
preparation and presentation of the financial statements
that give a true and fair view and are free from material
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

8. In preparing the standalone financial statements, the Board
of Directors is responsible for assessing the Company's ability
to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable,
matters related to going concern and using the going concern
basis of accounting unless the Board of Directors either
intends to liquidate the Company or to cease operations, or
has no realistic alternative but to do so.

9. The Board of Directors is also responsible for overseeing the
Company's financial reporting process.

Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the
Standalone Financial Statements

10. Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about
whether the standalone financial statements as a whole
are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud
or error, and to issue an auditor's report that includes our
opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance,
but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance
with Standards on Auditing will always detect a material
misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from
fraud or error and are considered material if, individually
or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to
influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis
of these standalone financial statements.

11. As part of an audit in accordance with Standards on Auditing,
specified under section 143(10) of the Act we exercise
professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism
throughout the audit. We also:

Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement
of the standalone financial statements, whether due to
fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures
responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence
that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis
for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material
misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for

one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion,
forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or
the override of internal control;

? Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to
the audit in order to design audit procedures that are
appropriate in the circumstances. Under section 143(3)
(i) of the Act we are also responsible for expressing our
opinion on whether the Company has adequate internal
financial controls with reference to financial statements
in place and the operating effectiveness of such controls.

? Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies
used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates
and related disclosures made by management;

? Conclude on the appropriateness of Board of Directors'
use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based
on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material
uncertainty exists related to events or conditions
that may cast significant doubt on the Company's
ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude
that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to
draw attention in our auditor's report to the related
disclosures in the standalone financial statements or, if
such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion.
Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence
obtained up to the date of our auditor's report. However,
future events or conditions may cause the Company to
cease to continue as a going concern; and

? Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content
of the standalone financial statements, including the
disclosures, and whether the standalone financial
statements represent the underlying transactions and
events in a manner that achieves fair presentation.

12. We communicate with those charged with governance
regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of
the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant
deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.

13. We also provide those charged with governance with a
statement that we have complied with relevant ethical
requirements regarding independence, and to communicate
with them all relationships and other matters that may
reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and
where applicable, related safeguards.

14. From the matters communicated with those charged with
governance, we determine those matters that were of
most significance in the audit of the standalone financial
statements of the current period and are therefore the key
audit matters. We describe these matters in our auditor's
report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure
about the matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances,
we determine that a matter should not be communicated in
our report because the adverse consequences of doing so

would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest
benefits of such communication.

Other Matter

15. The standalone financial statements of the Company for the
year ended 31 March 2024 were audited by the predecessor
auditor, S.R. Batliboi & Associates LLP, who have expressed an
unmodified opinion on those standalone financial statements
vide their audit report dated 29 May 2024.

Report on Other Legal and Regulatory Requirements

16. As required by section 197(16) of the Act, based on our
audit, we report that the Company has paid remuneration
to its directors during the year in accordance with the
provisions of and limits laid down under section 197 read
with Schedule V to the Act.

17. As required by the Companies (Auditor's Report) Order, 2020
('the Order') issued by the Central Government of India in
terms of section 143(11) of the Act we give in the Annexure
A, a statement on the matters specified in paragraphs 3 and 4
of the Order, to the extent applicable.

18. Further to our comments in Annexure A, as required by
section 143(3) of the Act based on our audit we report, to the
extent applicable, that:

a) We have sought and obtained all the information and
explanations which to the best of our knowledge and
belief were necessary for the purpose of our audit of the
accompanying standalone financial statements;

b) Except for the matters stated in paragraph 18(h)(vi)
below on reporting under Rule 11(g) of the Companies
(Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014 (as amended), in our
opinion, proper books of account as required by law
have been kept by the Company so far as it appears from
our examination of those books;

c) The standalone financial statements dealt with by this
report are in agreement with the books of account;

d) In our opinion, the aforesaid standalone financial
statements comply with Ind AS specified under section
133 of the Act;

e) On the basis of the written representations received
from the directors and taken on record by the Board of
Directors, none of the directors is disqualified as on 31
March 2025 from being appointed as a director in terms
of section 164(2) of the Act;

f) The qualification relating to the maintenance of
accounts and other matters connected therewith are
as stated in, paragraph 18(b) above on reporting under
section 143(3)(b) of the Act and paragraph 18(h)(vi)

below on reporting under Rule 11(g) of the Companies
(Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014 (as amended);

g) With respect to the adequacy of the internal financial
controls with reference to financial statements of
the Company as on 31 March 2025 and the operating
effectiveness of such controls, refer to our separate
report in Annexure B wherein we have expressed an
unmodified opinion; and

h) With respect to the other matters to be included in
the Auditor's Report in accordance with rule 11 of
the Companies (Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014
(as amended), in our opinion and to the best of our
information and according to the explanations given to us;

i. The Company, as detailed in note 38 to the
standalone financial statements, has disclosed
the impact of pending litigations on its financial
position as at 31 March 2025

ii. The Company, as detailed in note 12 to the
standalone financial statements, has made
provision as at 31 March 2025, as required under
the applicable law or accounting standards, for
material foreseeable losses, if any, on long-term
contracts including derivative contracts;

iii. There were no amounts which were required
to be transferred to the Investor Education and
Protection Fund by the Company during the year
ended 31 March 2025;

iv. a. The management has represented that, to the

best of its knowledge and belief, as disclosed
in note 86 (B)(v) to the standalone financial
statements, no funds have been advanced or
loaned or invested (either from borrowed
funds or securities premium or any other
sources or kind of funds) by the Company to
or in any person(s) or entity(ies), including
foreign entities ('the intermediaries'), with
the understanding, whether recorded in
writing or otherwise, that the intermediary
shall, whether, directly or indirectly lend or
invest in other persons or entities identified
in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of
the Company ('the Ultimate Beneficiaries')
or provide any guarantee, security or the like
on behalf the Ultimate Beneficiaries;

b. The management has represented that,
to the best of its knowledge and belief,
as disclosed in note 86 (B)(vi) to the
standalone financial statements, no funds
have been received by the Company from
any person(s) or entity(ies), including
foreign entities ('the Funding Parties'),

with the understanding, whether recorded
in writing or otherwise, that the Company
shall, whether directly or indirectly, lend or
invest in other persons or entities identified
in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of
the Funding Party ('Ultimate Beneficiaries')
or provide any guarantee, security or the like
on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries; and

c. Based on such audit procedures performed
as considered reasonable and appropriate
in the circumstances, nothing has come to
our notice that has caused us to believe that
the management representations under
sub-clauses (a) and (b) above contain any
material misstatement.

v. The Company has not declared or paid any

dividend during the year ended 31 March 2025.

vi. As stated in Note 85 to the standalone financial
statements and based on our examination which
included test checks, except for instances/
matters mentioned below, the Company, in
respect of financial year commencing on 1
April 2024, has used accounting software for
maintaining its books of account which have a
feature of recording audit trail (edit log) facility
and the same have been operated throughout
the year for all relevant transactions recorded
in the software. Further, during the course of
our audit we did not come across any instance
of audit trail feature being tampered with, other
than the consequential impact of the exceptions
given below. Furthermore, except for instances/
matters mentioned below the audit trail has been
preserved by the Company as per the statutory
requirements for record retention.

Nature of exception noted

Details of Exception

Instances of accounting software for maintaining
books of account for which the feature of recording
audit trail (edit log) facility was not operated
throughout the year for all relevant transactions
recorded in the software

Instances of accounting software maintained by a
third party where we are unable to comment on the
audit trail feature at database level

(i) The audit trail feature was not enabled at the database level for
one loan management system to log any direct data changes.

(ii) The audit trail (edit logs) was not retained for the period 01
April 2024 to 07 July 2024 at the database level for another
loan management system to log any direct data changes

The loan management systems for two other loan products are
operated by third-party software service providers. In the absence
of any information on existence of audit trail (edit logs) for any
direct changes made at the database level in the 'Independent
Service Auditor's Assurance Report on the Description of
Controls, their Design and Operating Effectiveness' ('Type 2
report' issued in accordance with SAE 3402, Assurance Reports
on Controls at a Service Organization), we are unable to comment
on whether audit trail feature with respect to the database of the
said softwares were enabled and operated throughout the year.

For Walker Chandiok & Co LLP

Chartered Accountants
Firm's Registration No: 001076N/N500013

Khushroo B. Panthaky

Partner

Membership No.: 042423
UDIN: 25042423BMNRBP8866

Place: Nagpur
Date: 19 May 2025