xxii Provisions
Aprovision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal orconstructive) as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of obligation. Provisions (excluding gratuity and compensated absences) are determined based on management's estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. In case the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current management estimates.
xxiii Contingent liabilities and contingent assets
Acontingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events, whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence ornon-occurrence of one ormore uncertain future events not wholly with in the control of the Company. Acontingent liability also arises, in rare cases,where a liability cannot be recognized because it cannot be measured reliably. The Company does not recognise a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements. Contingent assets are disclosed where an inflow of economic benefits is probable.
xxiv Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprise the net amount of short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash (short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less) and are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value, cheques on hand and balances with banks. They are held forthe purposes of meeting short-term cash commitments (rather than forinvestment or other purposes).
For the purpose of the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and short- term deposits, as defined above.
xxv Share issue expenses
Share issue expenses are charged off against available balance in the securities premium.
xxvi Unbilled Revenue
Effective December 2024,the Company has adopted a new policy forrecognition of Unbilled Revenue, pertaining to services rendered but forwhich the TAX invoice is yet to be raised. Revenue is recognized based on the stage of completion of performance obligations, where services have been substantially rendered as of the reporting date, and the billing is expected within 30days.
The unbilled revenue is measured at the transaction price expected to be realized and is recorded under "Other Current Assets" until invoicing is completed. This change in accounting policy aligns with Ind AS115 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers and better reflects the matching of income and cost.
xxvii Events occurring after the balance sheet date
Based on the nature of the event, the company identifies the events occurring between the balance sheet date and the date on which the financial statements are approved as 'Adjusting Event' and 'Non-Adjusting event'. Adjustments to assets and liabilities are made forevents occurring after the balance sheet date that provide additional information materially affecting the determination of the amounts relating to conditions existing at the balance sheet date orbecause of statutory requirements orbecause of their special nature. For non-adjusting events, the company may provide a disclosure in the financial statements considering the nature of the transaction.
3 (c) Leases
The Company has entered into lease contracts for premises to use it for commercial purpose to carry out its business i.e. office building and branch offices. Lease agreements does not depict any restrictions / covenants imposed by the lessor. The Company also has certain leases of premises with lease terms of 12 months or less. The Company has elected to apply the recognition exemption for leases with a lease term (or remaining lease term) of twelve months or less. Payments associated with short-term leases and low value assets are recognised as an expense in Statement of Profit and Loss over the lease term.
The Company aims to manage its capital efficiently so as to safeguard its ability to continue as a going concern and to optimise returns to its shareholders.
The capital structure of the Company is based on management's judgement of the appropriate balance of key elements in order to meet its strategic and day-to-day needs. Management considers the amount of capital in proportion to risk and manage the capital structure in light of changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets. In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company may adjust the amount of dividends paid to shareholders, return capital to shareholders or issue new shares.
The Company policy is to maintain a stable and strong capital structure with a focus on total equity so as to maintain investor, creditors and market confidence and to sustain future development and growth of its business. The Company will take appropriate steps in order to maintain, or if necessary adjust, its capital structure." Adjusted net debt (total borrowings net of cash and cash equivalents, bank deposits and financial liability portion of preference shares and equity shares divided by Adjusted 'equity' (as shown in the balance sheet) added by financial liability portion of preference shares and equity shares.
(b) Fair value hierarchy
The fair value hierarchy is based on inputs to valuation techniques that are used to measure fair value that are either observable or unobservable. Below are the fair value measurement hierarchy of the Company's assets and liabilities.
Level 1 - Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the assets or liabilities, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices)
Level 3 -Inputs for assets or liabilities that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs). There are no transfers between any of the fair value during the year under consideration.
The carrying amounts of trade receivables, cash and cash equivalents, bank balances other than cash and cash equivalents, other current financial assets, current borrowings, trade payables, other current financial liabilities are considered to be approximately equal to the fair value.
55 Financial Risk Management
The Company's financial risk management is an integral part of how to plan and execute its business strategies. The Company's financial risk management policy is set by the Managing Board.
Market risk is the risk of loss of future earnings, fair values or future cash flows that may result from a change in the price of a financial instrument. The value of a financial instrument may change as a result of changes in the interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, equity prices and other market changes that affect market risk sensitive instruments. Market risk is attributable to all market risk sensitive financial instruments including investments and deposits, foreign currency receivables, payables and loans and borrowings.
The Company is exposed to various financial risks majority market risk, credit risk and liquidity risk. The Company's senior management oversees the management of these risks with an objective to minimise the impact of these risks based on charters and informal policies.
A.2 Market Risk- Foreign currency risk.
The Company operates internationally and portion of the business is transacted in several currencies and consequently the Company is exposed to foreign exchange risk through its sales and services in overseas markets and purchases from overseas suppliers in various foreign currencies. Foreign currency exchange rate exposure is partly balanced by purchasing of goods, commodities and services in the respective currencies.
A Market risk
A.1 Market risk - Interest rate risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fairvalue of future cash flows of the financial instruments will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. In order to optimize the Company's position with regards to interest income and interest expenses and to manage the interest rate risk, management performs a comprehensive corporate interest rate risk management by balancing the proportion of fixed rate and floating rate financial instruments in its total portfolio.
According to the Company, interest rate risk exposure is only forfloating rate borrowings. For floating rate liabilities, the analysis is prepared assuming the amount of the liability outstanding at the end of the reporting period wasoutstanding forthe whole year. A50 basis point increase ordecrease is used when reporting interest rate risk internally to key management personnel and represents management's assessment of the reasonably possible change in interest rates.
A.3 Market Risk- Price Risk
Equity price risk is the risk that the fairvalue of a financial instrument will fluctuate due to changes in market traded price. Company's risk of equity price fluctuation and its impact on company's profitability orlosses is Nil / immaterial..
B Credit risk
Credit risk arises from the possibility that the counter party may not be able to settle their obligations as agreed. To manage this, the Company periodically assesses financial reliability of customers and other counter parties, taking into account the financial condition, current economic trends, and analysis of historical bad debts and ageing of financial assets. Individual risk limits are set and periodically reviewed on the basis of such information.
The Company considers the probability of default upon initial recognition of asset and whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk on an ongoing basis through each reporting period. To assess whether there is a significant increase in credit risk the Company compares the risk of default occurring on asset as at the reporting date with the risk of default as at the date of initial recognition. It considers reasonable and supportive forwarding-looking information as well.
Financial assets are written off when there is no reasonable expectation of recovery, such as a debtor failing to engage in a repayment plan with the Company. Where loans orreceivables have been written off,the Company continues to engage in enforcement activity to attempt to recover the receivable due. Where recoveries are made, these are recognized as income in the statement of profit and loss.
The Company measures the expected credit loss of trade receivables and loan from individual customers based on historical trend, industry practices and the business environment in which the entity operates. Loss rates are based on actual credit loss experience and past trends.
Trade receivables are typically unsecured and are derived from revenue earned from customers located in and outside India.
The Company also carries credit risk on lease deposits with landlords forproperties taken on leases and other vendor trade deposits. The risk relating to refunds after surrender of leased property is managed through successful negotiations or appropriate legal actions, where necessary.
Refer note no 8 forthe purpose of ageing of trade receivables..
C Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will face in meeting its obligation associated with its financial liabilities that are settled by delivering cash or another financial asset. The Company's approach in managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when due, under both normal and stressed conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to the Company's reputation. Any short term surplus cash generated, over and above the amount required for working capital and other operational requirements is retained as cash and cash equivalents (to the extent required).
36 Employee benefits
(A) Defined benefit plan - Gratuity
The Company provides for gratuity benefit under a defined retirement scheme (the "Gratuity Scheme") as laid out by the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 of India covering eligible employees. The Gratuity Scheme provides for a lump sun payment to employees who have completed at least five years of service with the Company, based on salary and tenure of employment. Liabilities with regard to the Gratuity Scheme are determined by actuarial valuation carried out using the Projected Unit Cost Method by an independent actuary. The Gratuity Scheme is a non-funded scheme and the Company intends to discharge this liability through its internal resources.
Significant Estimates : The Company has recognised deferred tax assets on business losses and unabsorbed depreciation. Based on future business projections, the Company is reasonably certain that would be able to generate adequate taxable income to ensure utilisation of business losses and unabsorbed depreciation. Further, in calculating the tax expense forthe current year and earlier years, the Company had disallowed certain expenditure pertaining to exempt income based on historical tax assessments. These matters are pending with tax authorities.
41 Unbilled Revenue
During the year,unbilled revenue of Rs. 457.49Lakhs wasrecognized in March 2026and billed in April 2026 within the 30-day window.
42 a. Loans given, Investments made and Corporate Guarantees given u/s 186(4) of the Companies Act, 2013are
disclosed under the respective notes
5. The Company has not advanced orloaned orinvested funds to any other person(s) orentity(ies), including foreign entities (Intermediaries) with the understanding that the Intermediary shall:
(a) Directly orindirectly lend orinvest in other persons orentities identified in any manner whatsoever by oron behalf of the Company (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
(b) Provide any guarantee, security orthe like to oron behalf of the ultimate beneficiaries.
6. The Company has not received any fund from any person(s) orentity(ies), including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing orotherwise) that the Company shall:
(a) directly orindirectly lend orinvest in other persons orentities identified in any manner whatsoever by oron behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
(b) provide any guarantee, security orthe like on behalf of the ultimate beneficiaries.
7. The Company has not traded orinvested in crypto currency orvirtual currency during the year.
8. The Company is not declared as willful defaulter by any bank orfinancial institution (asdefined under the Companies Act, 2013) orconsortium thereof orother lender in accordance with the guidelines on willful defaulters issued by the Reserve Bank of India.
9. The Company has complied with the requirement with respect to number of layers as prescribed under section 2(87)of the Companies Act, 2013read with the Companies (Restriction on number of layers) Rules, 2017.
43The previous year figures have also been reclassified to conform to current year's classification wherever applicable.
43 Additional Regulatory Information
1. The Company does not have any benami property held in its name. No proceedings have been initiated on or are pending against the Company forholding benami property under the Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Act, 1988 (45of 1988) and Rules made thereunder.
2. There is no company which has been struck off during the reported period. Hence, details of balances outstanding in respect of transactions undertaken with a company struck-off under section 248of the companies act, 2013 is not applicable.
3. The Company has not revalued any of its Property, Plant and Equipment during the year.
4. The Company does not have any transaction which is not recorded in the books of accounts that has been surrendered ordisclosed as income during the year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961 (such as, search or survey orany other relevant provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.
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