1.18 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets:
Provisions are recognised only when:
i. an Company entity has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event; and
ii. it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation; and
iii. a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation
Provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation and when the effect of time value of money is material, the carrying amount of the provision is the present value of those cash flows. Reimbursement expected in respect of expenditure required to settle a provision is recognised only when it is virtually certain that the reimbursement will be received.
Contingent liability is disclosed in case of:
i. a present obligation arising from past events, when it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation; and
ii. a present obligation arising from past events, when no reliable estimate is possible.
Contingent assets are disclosed where an inflow of economic benefits is probable. Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date.
Where the unavoidable costs of meeting the obligations under the contract exceed the economic benefits expected to be received under such contract, the present obligation under the contract is recognised and measured as a provision.
1.19 Statement of Cash Flows:
Statement of cash flows is prepared segregating the cash flows into operating, investing and financing activities. Cash flow from operating activities is reported using indirect method adjusting the net profit for the effects of:
i. changes during the period in operating receivables and payables transactions of a non-cash nature;
ii. non-cash items such as depreciation, provisions, deferred taxes, unrealized gains and losses; and
iii. all other items for which the cash effects are investing or financing cash flows.
Cash and cash equivalents (including bank balances) shown in the Statement of Cash Flows exclude items which are not available for general use as on the date of Balance Sheet.
1.20 Earnings per share:
The Company presents basic and diluted earnings per share data for its ordinary shares. Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the profit or loss attributable to ordinary shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share is determined by adjusting the profit or loss attributable to ordinary shareholders and the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding, adjusted for own shares held, for the effects of all dilutive potential ordinary shares.
1.21 Key source of estimation:
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Ind AS requires that the management of the Company makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of income and expenses of the period, the reported balances of assets and liabilities and the disclosures relating to contingent liabilities as of the date of the financial statements. The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates include useful lives of property, plant and equipment & intangible assets, expected credit loss on loan books, future obligations in respect of retirement benefit plans, fair value measurement etc. Difference, if any, between the actual results and estimates is recognised in the period in which the results are known.
1.22 Changes in Accounting Standard and recent accounting pronouncements (New Accounting Standards issued but not effective):
On March 30, 2021, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs issued the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) (Amendments) Rules, 2019, notifying Ind AS 116 on Leases. Ind AS 116 would replace the existing leases standard Ind AS 17. The standard sets out the principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosures for both parties to a contract, i.e. the lessee and the lessor. Ind AS 116 introduces a single lease accounting model and requires a lessee to recognise assets and liabilities for all leases with a term of more than 12 months, unless the underlying asset is of low value. Currently for operating lease, rentals are charged to the statement of profit and loss. The Company is currently evaluating the implication of Ind AS 116 on the financial statements.
The Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2019 notified amendments to the following accounting standards. The amendments would be effective from April 1, 2019
a) Ind AS 12, Income taxes — Appendix C on uncertainty over income tax treatments
b) Ind AS 19— Employee benefits
c) Ind AS 23 - Borrowing costs
d) Ind AS 28— investment in associates and joint ventures
e) Ind AS 103 and Ind AS 111 — Business combinations and joint arrangements
f) Ind AS 109 — Financial instruments
The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of such amendments.
1.23 Other Income Recognition
Interest on Loan is booked on a time proportion basis taking into account the amounts invested and the rate of interest.
Dividend income on investments is accounted for when the right to receive the payment is established.
1.24 Purchases
Purchase is recognized on passing of ownership in share based on broker's purchase note.
1.25 Expenditure
Expenses are accounted for on accrual basis and provision is made for all known losses and liabilities.
1.26 Investments
Current investments are stated at the lower of cost and fair value. Long-term investments are stated at cost. A provision for diminution is made to recognize a decline, other than temporary, in the value of long-term investments. Investments are classified into current and long-term investments.
Investments that are readily realizable and are intended to be held for not more than one year from the date, on which such investments are made, are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as non¬ current investments.
1.27 Related Parties
Parties are considered to be related if at any time during the reporting period one party has the ability to control the other party or exercise significant influence over the other party in making financial and/or operating decisions.
As required by AS-18 "Related Party Disclosure" only following related party relationships are covered:
i. Enterprises that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, control, or are controlled by, or are under common control with, the reporting enterprise (this includes holding Companies, subsidiaries and fellow subsidiaries);
ii. Associates and joint ventures of the reporting enterprise and the investing party or venture in respect of which the reporting enterprise is an associate or a joint venture;
iii. Individuals owning, directly or indirectly, an interest in the voting power of the reporting enterprise that gives them control or significant influence over the enterprise, and relatives of any such individual;
iv. Key management personnel (KMP) and relatives of such personnel; and
v. Enterprises over which any person described in (iii) or (iv) is able to exercise significant influence.
1.28 Stock In Trade
Shares are valued at cost or market value, whichever is lower. The comparison of Cost and Market value is done separately for each category of Shares.
Units of Mutual Funds are valued at cost or market value whichever is lower. Net asset value of units declared by mutual funds is considered as market value for non-exchange traded Mutual Funds.
1.29 Fair Value Hierarchy
Level 1 - Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices).
Level 3 - Inputs for the assets or liabilities that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).
1.30 Financial Risk Management Objectives and Policies:
The Company's activities are exposed to a variety of Financial Risks from its Operations. The key financial risks include Market risk, Credit risk and Liquidity risk.
i. Market Risk:
Market risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market prices. Market risk comprises mainly three types of risk, foreign currency risk, Interest rate risk and other price risk such as Equity price risk and Commodity Price risk.
ii. Foreign Currency Risk & Sensitivity:
There are no Foreign Currency transactions during the financial year.
iii. Credit Risk:
Credit risk is the risk that counterparty might not honor its obligations under a financial instrument or customer contract, leading to a financial loss. The company is exposed to credit risk from its operating activities (primarily trade receivables).
iv. Trade Receivables:
Customer credit risk is managed based on company's established policy, procedures and controls. The company assesses the credit quality of the counterparties, taking into account their financial position, past experience and other factors.
Credit risk is reduced by receiving pre-payments and export letter of credit to the extent possible. The Company has a well-defined sales policy to minimize its risk of credit defaults. Outstanding customer receivables are regularly monitored and assessed. The Company follows the simplified approach for recognition of impairment loss and the same, if any, is provided as per its respective customer's credit risk as on the reporting date.
v. Liquidity Risk:
Liquidity risk is the risk, where the company will encounter difficulty in meeting the obligations associated with its financial liabilities that are settled by delivering cash or another financial asset. The company's approach is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when due.
1.31 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies General
• Contingent Liabilities & Commitments - Nil
• Additional Information disclosed as per Part II of the Companies Act, 2013 - Nil
1.32 Cash and cash Equivalents
For the purpose of presentation in the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions, other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities in the balance sheet.
1.33 Earnings/(loss) per share
i. Basic earnings/ (loss) per share
Basic earnings / (loss) per share is calculated by dividing:
• the profit attributable to owners of the Company
• by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the financial year.
ii. Diluted earnings / (loss) per share
Diluted earnings / (loss) per share adjusts the figures used in the determination of basic earnings per share to take into account:
• the after income tax effect of interest and other financing costs associated with dilutive potential equity shares, and
• the weighted average number of additional equity shares that would have been outstanding assuming the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.
1.34 Critical Estimates and Judgments
Estimation of Current Tax Expense and Deferred Tax
The calculation of the company's tax charge necessarily involves a degree of estimation and judgment in respect of certain items whose tax treatment cannot be finally determined until resolution has been reached with the relevant tax authority or, as appropriate, through a formal legal process. Significant judgments are involved in determining the provision for income taxes, including amount expected to be paid/recovered for uncertain tax positions. Where the final tax outcome of these matters is different from the amounts that were initially recorded, such differences will impact the current and deferred income tax in the period in which such determination is made.
Recognition of Deferred Tax Assets / Liabilities
The recognition of deferred tax assets is based upon whether it is probable that sufficient and suitable taxable profits will be available in the future against which the reversal of temporary differences can be deducted. To determine the future taxable profits, reference is made to the approved budgets of the company. Where the temporary differences are related to losses, local tax law is considered to determine the availability of the losses to offset against the future taxable profits as well as whether there is convincing evidence that sufficient taxable profit will be available against which the unused tax losses or unused tax credits can be utilised by the company. Significant items on which the Company has exercised accounting judgment include recognition of deferred tax assets in respect of losses. The amounts recognised in the financial statements in respect of each matter are derived from the Company's best estimation and judgment as described above.
Estimation of Provisions and Contingent Liabilities
The company exercises judgment in measuring and recognising provisions and the exposures to contingent liabilities, which is related to pending litigation or other outstanding claims. Judgment is necessary in assessing the likelihood that a pending claim will succeed, or a liability will arise, and to quantify the possible range of the financial settlement.
Because of the inherent uncertainty in this evaluation process, actual liability may be different from the originally estimated as provision. Although there can be no assurance of the final outcome of the legal proceedings in which the company is involved, it is not expected that such contingencies will have a material effect on its financial position or profitability.
Estimation of useful life of Property, Plant and Equipment and Intangible Assets
Property, Plant and Equipment and Intangible assets represent a significant proportion of the asset base of the company. The charge in respect of periodic depreciation is derived after determining an estimate of an asset's expected useful life and the expected residual value at the end of its life. The useful lives and residual values of company's assets are determined by management at the time the asset is acquired and reviewed periodically, including at each financial year end. The useful lives are based on historical experience with similar assets as well as anticipation of future events, which may impact their life, such as changes in technology.
Estimation of Provision for Inventory
The company writes down inventories to net realisable value based on an estimate of the realisability of inventories. Write downs on inventories are recorded where events or changes in circumstances indicate that the balances may not realised. The identification of write-downs requires the use of estimates of net selling prices of the down-graded inventories. Where the expectation is different from the original estimate, such difference will impact the carrying value of inventories and write-downs of inventories in the periods in which such estimate has been changed.
Impairment of Trade Receivable
The impairment provisions for trade receivable are based on assumptions about risk of default and expected loss rates. The company uses judgment in making these assumptions and selecting the inputs to the impairment calculation, based on the company's past history, existing market conditions as well as forward looking estimates at the end of each reporting period.
Note 26: Deferred Tax Assets/Liabilities
Over the period of time, the Company has provided more depreciation in the books of accounts on the existing assets than that claimed, so there is deferred tax Assets on account of it. The accumulated Deferred Tax Assets as on 31.03.2025 was Rs. 2.26 Lakhs as against the Deferred Tax Assets of Rs. 3.41 Lakhs as on 31.03.2024. This is in accordance with Indian Accounting Standard (AS12)"Accounting for Taxes on Income".
Note 27: Employees Benefits
The employees benefit regarding Gratuity, Pension, Leave Encashment etc. which are payable before the end of twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees render service has not been measured and no actuarial valuation was done and not recognized as expenses. It will be recognized as and when it actually paid. However, the management has a view to consider gratuity provision only after completion of the service period of 5 years as per Gratuity Act and there is no such liability at present.
There is no capital work in progress whose completion is overdue or has exceeded its cost compared to its original plan
Note 32:
There are no Intangible assets under development or whose completion is overdue or has exceeds its cost compared to its original plan
Note 33:
No proceedings have been initiated during the year or are pending against the company for holding benami property under the Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Act, 1988 (45 of 1988) and rules made there under as at 31st March 2025.
Note 34:
The company has not been availed working capital limits from Banks on the basis of security of current assets and therefore no quarterly returns or statements is required to be filed by the company, hence disclosure of deficiencies is not required.
Note 35:
Considering the company has been extended credit period up to 45 days by its vendors and payments being released on a timely basis, there is no liability towards interest on delayed payments under "The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act 2006" during the year. There is also no amount of outstanding interest in this regard, brought forward from previous year. Information in this regard is on basis of intimation received, on request made by the company, with regards to registration of vendors under the said Act.
Note 36:
The company has not been declared as a willful defaulter by any bank or financial institutions or by any other lender.
There is no charge or satisfaction of charges is yet to be registered with the Registrar of Companies. The company has followed / complied with the number of layers prescribed under clause (87) of section 2 of the Act read with Companies (Restriction on number of Layers) Rule 2017.
Note 39:
There is no scheme of arrangements has been approved by the competent authority in terms of section 230 to 237 (Corporate Restructuring) of the Companies Act 2013.
The company did not have any transactions relating to previously unrecorded income that have been surrendered or disclosed as income during the year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961.
Note 41:
The Company does not fulfill the criteria as specified under section 135(1) of the Act read with the Companies (Corporate Social Responsibility Policy) Rules 2014; hence no CSR is required to be spent.
Note 42:
The company has not traded or invested Crypto currency or virtual currency during the financial year.
Note 43: Details of CSR
The Company has not entered in any transactions with any struck off companies under section 248 of the Companies Act 2013 or section 560 of the Companies Act 1956. However the company was given an advance of Rs 600 Lakh for property to M/s Fort Projects Pvt. Ltd during the financial year 2010-11, now the company has applied to NCLT for recovery of such advance.
Note 44:
The Company has not borrowed any funds for the purpose of further lending, investment, guarantee or security to the third parties during the year.
Note 45:
As per view of management the company deals in single line of products / services i.e. financing and investing, hence there is no reportable segment as per IND AS 108.
Note 46:
The Company has followed level 3 of fair value hierarchy of the financial instruments considering all current assets and liabilities are at fair value. However, the company has not recognized any gain / (loss) to the cost of inventories held in the form of unquoted equity shares i.e. financial instruments falling within the level - 3 in accordance with the IND AS 113 and the management is in process to conduct valuation of shares by the independent valuer. Further the management believes that there is no material impact in respect of fair valuation to the carrying value of respective shares.
Note 47:
Balances of Trade Receivable, Loans & Advances, Trade Payable and Other current assets & liabilities are subject to confirmation from the respective parties and consequently adjustments if any will be made at the time of reconciliation.
Note 48:
The Company is having investments / inventories in some of small cap illiquid stocks where either there is very thin trading or is no trading during the entire financial year. Even trading in some of these shares has been suspended by Stock Exchanges. The Company has valued these shares on last traded price on BSE/CSE and has not made any provision for the possible losses. Further the management believes that there is no material impact in respect of fair valuation to the carrying value of respective shares.
Note 49:
The Company is having Closing Stock worth Rs 213.37 Lakh of Audio Video Rights / CD whose fair value has not been provided by the management; thus, we are unable to comment on the fair valuation of said stock of software as well as its impact on the Company whether financial or any other. However, in the opinion of management the value which has been shown in Statement is fair value and has no impact on Statement of Profit & Loss.
The company has given loans and advances of Rs. 1734.00 Lakh interest free including Rs. 600 Lacs capital advance to M/s. Fort Projects Pvt. Ltd. against which the company has applied to NCLT for recovery of advance including interest. However, in the opinion of management the value which has been shown in statement is fair value and for business purpose and not prejudice to the company.
Notes "1" to "52" form an integral part of the accounts and have been duly authenticated.
For Rajesh Kumar Gokul Chandra & Associates For & on behalf of the Board of Directors
Chartered Accountants Firm Registration No. 323891E
S/d- S/d-
Kailash Prasad Purohit Anupam Shrivastava
S/d- Managing Director Director
Archana Jhunjhunwala (DIN: 01319534) (DIN: 05291844)
Partner M. No. 069098
Place: Kolkata S/d- S/d-
Date: May 27, 2025 Shivkumar Yadav Poulomi Datta
UDIN: 25069098BMHIQD3256 Chief Financial Officer Company Secretary
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