1. CORPORATE AND GENERAL INFORMATION

Asian Hotels (East) Limited (the ‘Company') is a public limited company domiciled in India and incorporated under the provisions of the Companies Act applicable in India. The Company's registered office is located at Hyatt Regency Kolkata, JA-1, Sector III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata - 700106, West Bengal, India. The Corporate Identification Number (CIN) of the Company is L15122WB2007PLC162762.The Company's equity shares are listed on two recognized stock exchanges in India: the BSE Limited (BSE) and the National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE).

The Company is primarily engaged in the Hotel business through "Hyatt Regency Kolkata" a five-star Hotel situated in the city of Kolkata.

The standalone financial statements were approved for issue in accordance with a resolution passed by the Board of Directors of the Company on 09 July 2026.

2.1 MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIESSTATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE AND BASIS OF PREPARATION

The Standalone financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 (as amended from time to time) and presentation requirements of Division II of Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013 (as amended from time to time), (Ind AS compliant Schedule III), as applicable to the Standalone financial statements. The Standalone financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for the following assets and liabilities which have been measured at fair value or at revalued amount:

Ý Certain financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value (refer accounting policy regarding financial instruments), and

Ý Defined benefit plans;

The accounting policies and related notes further described the specific measurements applied for each of the assets and liabilities.

The Company has prepared the financial statements on the basis that it will continue to operate as a going concern. FUNCTIONAL AND PRESENTATION CURRENCY

The Standalone Financial Statements are presented in Indian Rupee (INR), which is also the functional currency of the Company and the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates. The Standalone Financial Statements are presented in Indian Rupee (INR). All amounts disclosed in Standalone Financial Statements and notes have been rounded off to the nearest lakhs (with two places of decimal) unless otherwise stated.

summary of material accounting POLICIES

(i) Current versus non-current classification

The Company segregates assets and liabilities into current and non-current categories for presentation in the balance sheet after considering its normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in Ind AS 1, “Presentation of Financial Statements”. For this purpose, current assets and liabilities include the current portion of non-current assets and liabilities respectively. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are always classified as non-current.

The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realization in cash and cash equivalents. The Company has identified period up to twelve months as its operating cycle.

(ii) Measurement of Fair Values

The Company measures financial instruments at fair value in accordance with the accounting policies mentioned above. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

Ý In the principal market for the asset or liability, or

Ý In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the Standalone Financial Statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy that categorises into three levels, described as follows, the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure value. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 inputs) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 inputs).

Ý Level 1 — quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Ý Level 2 — inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly.

Ý Level 3 — inputs that are unobservable for the asset or liability.

For assets and liabilities that are recognised in the Standalone Financial Statements at fair value on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorisation at the end of each reporting period and discloses the same.

(iii) Property, plant and equipment

An item of property, plant and equipment (PPE) that qualifies as an asset is measured on initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition, items of PPE are carried at their cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Item of PPE which reflects significant cost and has different useful life from the remaining part of PPE is recognised as a separate component. The cost of an item of PPE comprises of its purchase price net of discounts, if any including import duties and other non-refundable taxes or levies and directly attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use and the initial estimate of decommissioning, restoration and similar liabilities, if any.

Cost includes cost of replacing a part of a plant and equipment if the recognition criteria are met. Expenses like plans, designs, and drawings of buildings or plant and machinery, borrowing cost on qualifying assets, directly attributable to new manufacturing facility during its construction period are capitalised under the relevant head of PPE if the recognition criteria are met. Subsequent costs are included in the asset's carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognised when replaced. Items such as spare parts, stand-by equipment and servicing equipment that meet the definition of PPE are capitalised at cost and depreciated over their useful life. Costs in nature of repairs and maintenance are recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss as and when incurred.

The Company had elected to consider the carrying value of all its PPE appearing in the Standalone Financial Statement and used the same as deemed cost in the opening Ind AS Balance Sheet prepared on 1st April 2019.

Capital work-in-progress and Capital advances:

Cost of assets not ready for intended use, as on the Balance Sheet date, is shown as capital work in progress. Advances given towards acquisition of fixed assets outstanding at each Balance Sheet date are disclosed as Other Non-Current Assets.

Depreciation:

Depreciation on each part of an item / component of PPE is provided on pro-rata basis using the Straight Line Method (SLM) based on the expected useful life of the asset and is charged to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss account as per the requirement of Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013. The useful life has been assessed based on technical evaluation, taking into account the nature of the asset and the estimated usage basis management's best judgement of economic benefits from those classes of assets. The estimated useful life of items of PPE is mentioned below:

The useful lives, residual values of each part of an item of PPE and the depreciation methods are reviewed at the end of each financial year. If any of these expectations differ from previous estimates, such change is accounted for as a change in an accounting estimate.

Derecognition:

The carrying amount of an item of PPE is derecognised on disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. The gain or loss arising from the derecognition of an item of PPE is measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the item and is recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss when the item is derecognised.

(iv) Other Intangible assets

Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment loss, if any.

Cost includes the purchase price (including non-refundable taxes) and directly attributable costs to prepare the asset for its intended use.

Amortisation:

Intangible assets comprise software. Software are amortised over their estimated economic useful life i.e. license period of six years using the SLM method.

The amortisation period and the amortisation method for an intangible asset with finite useful life is reviewed at the end of each financial year. If any of these expectations differ from previous estimates, such change is accounted for as a change in an accounting estimate.

Derecognition:

The carrying amount of an intangible asset is derecognised on disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. The gain or loss arising from the Derecognition of an intangible asset is measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the intangible asset and is recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognised.

(v) Impairment

Assessment for impairment is done at each Balance Sheet date as to whether there is any indication that a non-financial asset may be impaired. Assets that have an indefinite useful life are not subject to amortisation and are tested for impairment annually and whenever there is an indication that the asset may be impaired.

Assets that are subject to depreciation and amortisation and assets representing investments in subsidiaries are reviewed for impairment, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that carrying amount may not be recoverable. Such circumstances include, though are not limited to, significant or sustained decline in revenues or earnings and material adverse changes in the economic environment. An impairment loss is recognised whenever the carrying amount of an asset or its CGU exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount of an asset is the greater of its fair value less cost to sell and value-in-use. To calculate value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market rates and the risk specific to the asset. For an asset that does not generate largely independent cash inflows, the recoverable amount is determined for the CGU to which the asset belongs. Fair value less cost to sell is the best estimate of the amount obtainable from the sale of an asset in an arm's length transaction between knowledgeable, willing parties, less the cost of disposal. Impairment losses, if any, are recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss and included in depreciation and amortisation expense.

Impairment losses, on assets other than goodwill are reversed in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss only to the extent that the asset's carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined if no impairment loss had previously been recognised.

(vi) Lease accounting

Lease accounting by lessor

The Company as a lessor needs to classify each of its leases either as an operating lease or a finance lease. A lease is classified as a finance lease if it transfers substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of an underlying asset. A lease is classified as an operating lease if it does not transfer substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of an underlying asset.

Finance lease

At the commencement date, the Company will recognise assets held under a finance lease in its Balance Sheet and present them as a receivable at an amount equal to the net investment in the lease. Net investment is the discount value of lease receipts net of initial direct costs using the interest rate implicit in the lease. For subsequent measurement of finance leased assets, the Company will recognise interest income over the lease period, based on a pattern reflecting a constant periodic rate of return on the Company's net investment in the lease.

Operating lease

The Company will recognise lease receipts from operating leases as income on either a straight-line basis or another systematic basis. The Company will recognise costs, including depreciation incurred in earning the lease income as expense.

(vii) Revenue Recognition

Revenue is measured at the transaction price that the Company receives or expects to receive as consideration for goods supplied and services rendered, net of returns and estimates of variable consideration such as discounts and schemes. Revenue excludes taxes which are payable in respect of sale of goods and services. Revenue is recognised when it can be measured reliably and recovery of the consideration is probable.

Revenue from room, food & beverage, banquet and allied services etc. is generally recognised at a point in time when control is transferred to the customer, which generally occurs when the room is occupied, food & beverages is sold, banquet and allied services etc. are rendered in accordance with the contract with the customer.

(viii) Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents for the purpose of Standalone Statement of Cash Flows comprise cash and cheques in hand, bank balances, demand deposits with banks where the original maturity is three months or less and other short term highly liquid investments net of bank overdrafts (if any) which are repayable on demand as these form an integral part of the Company's cash management.

(ix) Income Taxes

Tax expense is the aggregate amount included in the determination of Standalone profit or loss for the period in respect of current tax and deferred tax.

current tax:

Current tax is the amount of income taxes payable in respect of taxable profit for a period. Taxable profit differs from ‘profit before tax' as reported in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss because of items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and items that are never taxable or deductible in accordance with the applicable tax laws. Current tax is measured using tax rates that have been enacted by the end of reporting period for the amounts expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities.

Deferred tax:

Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the Standalone Financial Statement and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit in accordance with the applicable tax laws. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are generally recognised for all deductible and taxable temporary differences respectively. However, in case of temporary differences that arise from initial recognition of assets or liabilities in a transaction that affect neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit or does not give rise to equal taxable and deductible temporary differences, deferred tax assets or liabilities are not recognised. Also, for temporary differences if any that may arise from initial recognition of deferred tax liabilities is not recognised. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary difference can be utilized.

The Company recognises a deferred tax asset arising from unused tax losses or tax credits only to the extent it has a sufficient taxable temporary difference or there is convincing evidence that sufficient taxable profits will be available. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow the benefits of part or all of such deferred tax assets to be utilized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date and are expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.

uncertain tax positions:

The management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and considers whether it is probable that a taxation authority will accept an uncertain tax treatment. The Company reflects the effect of uncertainty for each uncertain tax treatment by using one of two methods, the expected value method (the sum of the probability - weighted amounts in a range of possible outcomes) or the most likely amount (single most likely amount method in a range of possible outcomes), depending on which is expected to better predict the resolution of the uncertainty. The Company applies consistent judgements and estimates if an uncertain tax treatment affects both the current and the deferred tax.

Presentation of current and deferred tax:

Current tax and deferred tax are recognised in profit or loss, except to the extent that they relate to items recognised outside profit or loss. Current tax and deferred tax relating to items recognised in other comprehensive income ("OCI") or directly in equity are recognised in OCI or directly in equity, respectively, consistent with the recognition of the underlying transaction or event.

The Company offsets current tax assets and current tax liabilities when it has a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and intends either to settle them on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset only when the Company has a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority on either the same taxable entity or different taxable entities that intend to settle current tax balances on a net basis, or to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously, in each future period in which significant amounts of deferred tax assets or deferred tax liabilities are expected to be recovered or settled.

(x) Foreign currency translation Initial Recognition:

On initial recognition, transactions in foreign currencies entered into by the Company are recorded in the functional currency (i.e. Indian Rupees), by applying to the foreign currency amount, the spot exchange rate between the functional currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

Measurement of foreign currency items at reporting date:

Foreign currency monetary items of the Company are translated at the closing exchange rates. Non monetary items that are measured at historical cost in a foreign currency, are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Nonmonetary items that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency, are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value is measured. Exchange differences arising out of foreign exchange translations and settlements during the year are recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

(xi) Employee Benefits Short Term Benefits

Short term employee benefit obligations are measured on an undiscounted basis and are expensed as the related services are provided. Liabilities for salaries, including non-monetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are recognized in respect of employees' services up to the end of the reporting period.

Post-Employment Benefits

The Company operates the following post-employment schemes:

Defined Contribution Plan

Defined contribution plans are post-employment benefit plans under which the Company pays fixed contributions into state managed retirement benefit schemes and will have no legal or constructive obligation to pay further contributions, if any, if the state managed funds do not hold sufficient assets to pay all employee benefits relating to employee services in the current and preceding financial years. The Company's contributions to defined contribution plans are recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss in the financial year to which they relate.

The Company recognises contribution payable to a defined contribution plan as an expense in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss when the employees render services. If the contributions payable for services received from employees before the reporting date exceeds the contributions already paid, the deficit payable is recognised as a liability after deducting the contribution already paid. If the contribution already paid exceeds the contribution due for services received before the reporting date, the excess is recognised as an asset to the extent that the prepayment will lead to a reduction in future payments or a cash refund.

Defined Benefit Plans

The Company operate a gratuity scheme for employees.

Recognition and measurement of defined benefit plans:

The cost of providing defined benefits is determined using the Projected Unit Credit method with actuarial valuations being carried out at each reporting date. The defined benefit obligations recognised in the Standalone Balance Sheet represent the present value of the defined benefit obligations.

All expenses represented by current service cost, past service cost, if any, and net interest on the defined benefit liability are recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss. Remeasurements of the net defined benefit liability comprising actuarial gains and losses are recognised in Other Comprehensive Income. Such remeasurements are not reclassified to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss in the subsequent periods. The Company presents the above liability as current and non-current in the Balance Sheet as per actuarial valuation by the independent actuary;

(xii) Financial Instruments

A financial instrument is a contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.

Financial assets

Initial recognition and measurement:

All financial assets are recognised initially at fair value, plus in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL), transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. However, trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component are measured at transaction price.

Where the fair value of a financial asset at initial recognition is different from its transaction price, the difference between the fair value and the transaction price is recognised as a gain or loss in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss at initial recognition if the fair value is determined through a quoted market price in an active market for an identical asset (i.e. level 1 input) or through a valuation technique that uses data from observable markets (i.e. level 2 input).

In case the fair value is not determined using a level 1 or level 2 input as mentioned above, the difference between the fair value and transaction price is deferred appropriately and recognised as a gain or loss in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss only to the extent that such gain or loss arises due to a change in factor that market participants take into account when pricing the financial asset.

Subsequent measurement

For subsequent measurement, the Company classifies a financial asset in accordance with the below criteria:

Ý The Company's business model for managing the financial asset and

Ý The contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset

Based on the above criteria, the Company classifies its financial assets into the following categories:

Financial assets measured at amortised cost

A financial asset is measured at the amortised cost if both the following conditions are met:

Ý The Company's business model objective for managing the financial asset is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows, and

Ý The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

This category applies to cash and bank balances, trade receivables and other financial assets of the Company. Such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. The effect of the amortisation under effective interest method is recognised as interest income over the relevant period of the financial asset under other income in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss. The amortised cost of a financial asset is also adjusted for loss allowance, if any.

Financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOcI)

A financial asset is measured at FVTOCI if both of the following conditions are met:

Ý The Company's business model objective for managing the financial asset is achieved both by collecting contractual cash flows and selling the financial assets, and

Ý The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding

Such financial assets are subsequently measured at fair value at each reporting date. Fair value changes are recognised in the Other Comprehensive Income (OCI). However, the Company recognises interest income and impairment losses and its reversals in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

On derecognition of such financial assets, cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from equity to Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

Financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)

A financial asset is measured at FVTPL unless it is measured at amortised cost or at FVTOCI as explained above. This is a residual category applied to all other investments of the Company excluding investments in subsidiary. Such financial assets are subsequently measured at fair value at each reporting date. Fair value changes are recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

Derecognition:

A financial asset is derecognised when the right to receive cash flows from the assets has expired, or has been transferred, and the Company has transferred substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership.

In cases where Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the financial asset, but retains control of the financial asset, the Company continues to recognise such financial asset to the extent of its continuing involvement in the financial asset. In that case, the Company also recognises an associated liability. The financial asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained. On derecognition of a financial asset, (except as mentioned in above for financial assets measured at FVTOCI), the difference between the carrying amount and the consideration received is recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

Impairment of financial assets:

The Company applies expected credit losses (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of loss allowance on the following:

Ý Trade receivables

Ý Financial assets measured at amortised cost (other than trade receivables)

Ý Financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI) )- in case of debt interments

In case of trade receivables, the Company follows a simplified approach wherein an amount equal to lifetime ECL is measured and recognised as loss allowance. In case of other assets (listed as above), the Company determines if there has been a significant increase in credit risk of the financial asset since initial recognition. If the credit risk of such assets has not increased significantly, an amount equal to 12-month ECL is measured and recognised as loss allowance. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, an amount equal to lifetime ECL is measured and recognised as loss allowance. Subsequently, if the credit quality of the financial asset improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, the Company reverts to recognising impairment loss allowance based on 12-month ECL.

ECL are measured in a manner that they reflect unbiased and probability weighted amounts determined by a range of outcomes, taking into account the time value of money and other reasonable information available as a result of past events, current conditions and forecasts of future economic conditions.

As a practical expedient, the Company uses a provision matrix to measure lifetime ECL on its portfolio of trade receivables. The provision matrix is prepared based on historically observed default rates over the expected life of trade receivables and is adjusted for forward looking estimates. At each reporting date, the historically observed default rates and changes in the forward-looking estimates are updated.

ECL impairment loss allowance (or reversal) recognised during the period is recognised as income/ expense in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

Investment in subsidiaries

The Company has elected to recognise its investments in subsidiary companies at cost in accordance with the option available in Ind AS 27, ‘Separate Financial Statements'. Cost includes cash consideration paid on initial recognition, adjusted for embedded derivative and estimated contingent consideration (earn out), if any.

Financial LiabilitiesInitial recognition and measurement:

The Company recognises a financial liability in its Balance Sheet when it becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value minus, in the case of financial liabilities not recorded at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL), transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial liability. Where the fair value of a financial liability at initial recognition is different from its transaction price, the difference between the fair value and the transaction price is recognised as a gain or loss in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss at initial recognition if the fair value is determined through a quoted market price in an active market for an identical asset (i.e. level 1 input) or through a valuation technique that uses data from observable markets (i.e. level 2 input).

In case the fair value is not determined using a level 1 or level 2 input as mentioned above, the difference between the fair value and transaction price is deferred appropriately and recognised as a gain or loss in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss only to the extent that such gain or loss arises due to a change in factor that market participants take into account when pricing the financial liability.

Subsequent measurement:

All financial liabilities of the Company are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. The cumulative amortisation using the effective interest method of the difference between the initial recognition amount and the maturity amount is added to the initial recognition value (net of principal repayments, if any) of the financial liability over the relevant period of the financial liability to arrive at the amortised cost at each reporting date. The corresponding effect of the amortisation under effective interest method is recognised as interest expense under finance cost in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

Derecognition:

A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability derecognised and the consideration paid is recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

Offsetting of financial assets and financial liabilities:

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the Balance Sheet wherever there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

(xiii) Earnings per Share

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss attributable to equity holders of company by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period.The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for events such as bonus issue, bonus element in a rights issue, share split, and reverse share split (consolidation of shares) that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources.For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders of the Company and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

(xiv) Provisions and contingencies

The Company recognises provisions when a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event exists and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required and the amount of outflow can be reliably estimated. If the effect of time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost. A disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably will not require an outflow of resources or the amount of such outflow cannot be measured reliably. When there is a possible obligation or a present obligation in respect of which likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.

Contingent assets usually arise from unplanned or other unexpected events that give rise to the possibility of an inflow of economic benefits. Contingent Assets are not recognized though are disclosed, where an inflow of economic benefits is probable.

(xv) Events after reporting date

Where events occurring after the balance sheet date provide evidence of conditions that existed at the end of the reporting period, the impact of such events is adjusted within the Standalone Financial Statement. Otherwise, events after the balance sheet date of material size or nature are only disclosed.

2.2 KEY AccOuNTING ESTIMATES And JuDGEMENT

The preparation of the Standalone Financial Statement requires the management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities, and the accompanying disclosures, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities. Uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes that require a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets or liabilities effected in future periods.

critical accounting estimates and assumptions

The key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the reporting date, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are described below:

a) Income taxes

Significant judgement is involved in determining the provision for current and deferred income taxes, including the amount expected to be paid or recovered in respect of uncertain tax positions. The assessment requires management to interpret tax laws and regulations, evaluate the outcome of ongoing assessments and litigation, and consider judicial pronouncements and professional advice. Actual outcomes may differ from these estimates and could affect the tax expense recognised in future periods.

b) Useful Lives and Residual Values of Property, Plant and Equipmentand Intangible Assets

Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets represent a significant portion of the Company's asset base. The depreciation and amortisation charge recognised during the year is based on management's estimates of the useful lives and residual values of these assets. The useful lives and residual values are determined at the time the assets are acquired and are reviewed periodically, including at each financial year end.

In estimating useful lives and residual values, management considers various factors such as historical experience with similar assets, expected usage patterns, anticipated physical wear and tear, operating conditions, technological developments, changes in market demand, legal or contractual provisions, maintenance support arrangements and the expected period over which the assets will generate economic benefits. Changes in these estimates could result in a material impact on the depreciation or amortisation expense and the carrying value of the related assets.

c) Defined Benefit Obligation

The costs of providing post-employment benefits are charged to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss in accordance with Ind AS 19 ‘Employee benefits' over the period during which benefit is derived from the employees' services. The costs are assessed on the basis of assumptions selected by the management. These assumptions include salary escalation rate, discount ratesand mortality rates. The same is disclosed in Note 34.

2.3 recent accounting pronouncements

Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA”) has notified amendments to the existing standards Ind AS 1 - Presentation of financial statements relating to classification of liabilities as current or non-current subject to covenants, Ind AS 12 - Income Taxes relating to international tax reforms - Pillar Two Model Rules, Ind AS 21 - the effect of changes in foreign exchange rates and Ind AS 107 - Financial Instruments: Disclosures and Ind AS 7 - Statement of Cashflows relating to disclosure of supplier financing arrangements, applicable from April 1, 2025. The Company has assessed that there is no significant impact on its financial statements with respect to the amendments in Ind AS 1, Ind AS 21, Ind AS 12 andInd AS 7.

standards notified but not yet effective

The amendments to the standards that are notified by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA), but not yet effective, up to the date of issuance of the Company's financial statements are disclosed below. The Company will adopt these amendments to the standards, when they become effective.

1. Amendments to Ind AS 1 - Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current and Non-current Liabilities with covenants and Ind AS 10 Events after the Reporting Period

Ind AS 10 has been amended to remove the previous treatment under which a lender's post reporting date waiver—granted before the financial statements were approved for issue—of a breach of a material covenant in a long term loan arrangement that occurred on or before the end of the reporting period, resulting in the liability becoming payable on demand at the reporting date, was regarded as an adjusting event.

For annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 April 2026, any breach of a covenant—whether material or immaterial— occurring on or before the reporting date will, in accordance with Ind AS 1, require the related liability to be classified as current, unless the lender has granted a waiver of the breach on or before the reporting date and has agreed not to demand repayment for at least 12 months after the reporting date as a consequence of the breach. Such a waiver shall be treated as an adjusting event.

The amendments are effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 April 2026.

The Company is currently assessing the probable impact of amendments which are applicable in its annual financial statements.