(C) Significant Accounting Policies
1) Use of Estimates:
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported balances of assets and liabilities and disclosures relating to contingent liabilities as at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of income and expenses during the period. Examples of such estimates include computation of percentage of completion which requires the Company to estimate the efforts or costs expended to date as a proportion of the total efforts or costs to be expended, provisions for doubtful debts, future obligations under employee retirement benefit plans, income taxes, post-sales customer support and the use-full lives of fixed tangible assets and intangible assets. Accounting estimates could change from period to period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Appropriate changes in estimates are made as the Management becomes aware of changes in circumstances surrounding the estimates. Changes in estimates are reflected in the financial statements in the period in which changes are made and, if material, their effects are disclosed in the notes to the financial statements.
2) Fixed Assets & Depreciation:
Tangible Assets:
All items of fixed assets are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items. Subsequent costs are included in the asset's carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognized when
replaced. All other repairs and maintenance expenses are charged to profit or loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred
Depreciation on fixed assets is provided on pro rata basis as per Written Down Value Method, as specified in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013.
Assets Acquired as Lease:
Leases under which the Entity assumes substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as finance leases. Such assets are capitalized at fair value of the asset or present value of the minimum lease payments at the inception of the lease, whichever is lower. Lease payments under operating leases are recognized as an expense in the Proft and Loss Account on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The cost of leasehold land is amortized over the period of the lease. Leasehold improvements and assets acquired on finance lease are amortized over the lease term or useful life, whichever is lower.
Advances paid towards the acquisition of Property, Plant and Equipment
Advances paid towards the acquisition of Property, Plant and Equipment, outstanding at each balance sheet date are shown under capital advances. The cost of the Property, Plant and Equipment not ready for its intended use on such date, is disclosed under capital work-in- progress.
3) Impairment of Assets:
An asset is treated as impaired when the carrying cost of assets exceeds its recoverable value. Impairment loss is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year / period in which an asset is identified as impaired. The impairment loss recognized in prior accounting period is reversed if there has been a change in the estimate of recoverable amount.
4) Investments:
Investments, which are readily realizable and intended to be held for not more than 12 months from the date on which such investments are made, are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long-term investments. On initial recognition, all investments are measured at cost. The cost comprises purchase price and directly attributable acquisition charges such as brokerage, fees and duties. Current investments are carried in the financial statements at lower of cost and fair value determined on an individual investment basis. Long-term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution in value is made to recognize a decline other than temporary in the value of the investments
5) Inventories: The inventories are valued on the following basis:
a) Raw Materials: Valued at Cost Price or Net Realizable Value whichever is lower.
b) Finished goods and traded goods: Valued at lower of Cost or Net Realizable Value.
6) Employee Benefits:
All short-term employee benefits are accounted on undiscounted basis during the accounting period based on services rendered by employees.
7) Revenue Recognition:
Revenue is recognised to the extent, that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the company and the revenue can be reliably measured.
Revenue from sale of goods
Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods are transferred to the buyer and are recorded net of trade discounts, rebates, Goods and Service Tax.
Interest Income
Interest Income is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and applicable interest rate.
Dividend Income
Dividend is recognised when the company's right to receive dividend is established.
8) Foreign Currency Transaction:
Monetary assets and liabilities related to foreign currency transactions remaining unsettled at the end of the year / period are translated at year / period end rates.
The difference in translation of monetary assets and liabilities and realized gains and losses on foreign transactions are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
The premium or discount on forward exchange contracts is recognized in the statement of profit and loss over the period of the contract.
9) Taxation
Tax expenses comprise current tax (amount of tax for the period determined in accordance with the Income Tax Regulations in India) and deferred tax charge or credit (reflecting the tax effects of timing differences between accounting income and taxable income for the period).
The deferred tax charge or credit and the corresponding deferred tax liabilities or assets are recognised using the tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date, Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent there is reasonable certainty that the assets can be realized in future; however, when there is unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward losses under taxation laws, deferred tax assets are recognised only if there is a virtual certainty of realization of such assets. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and written down or written up to reflect the amount that is reasonably / virtually certain, as the case may be, to be realized
Tax credit is recognised in respect of Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) as per the provisions of Section 115JAA of the Income Tax Act, 1961 based on convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax within the statutory time frame and is reviewed at each Balance Sheet date.
10) Borrowing Cost:
Borrowing Costs relating to the acquisition/construction of qualifying assets are capitalized until the time all substantial activities necessary to prepare the qualifying assets for their intended use are complete. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use. All other borrowing costs are charge to revenue.
11) Earnings Per Share:
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit after tax for the year / period attributable to Equity Shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of Equity Shares outstanding at the end of the year / period. Diluted earnings per Share is calculated by dividing net profit attributable to equity Shareholders (after adjustment for diluted earnings) by average number of weighted equity shares outstanding at the end of the year / period.
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