2 Material Accounting Policies
This note provides a list of the significant accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these financial
statements. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise
stated.
(A) Basis Of Preparation Of Financial Statement
i) Compliance with Ind AS
The financial statements Complies in all material aspects with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified
under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 as amended and notified under Section
133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (the "Act") and other relevant provisions of the Act and other accounting
principles generally accepted in India.
The financial statements were authorized for issue by the Company's Board of Directors on 27th May 2025.
These financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (?), which is also the functional currency. All the
amounts have been rounded off to the nearest lakhs, unless otherwise indicated.
ii) Historical cost convention
The Company follows the mercantile system of accounting and recognizes income and expenditure on an
accrual basis. The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention, except in case of
significant uncertainties and except for the following:
(a) Certain financial assets and liabilities (Including Derivative Instruments) that are measured at fair value;
(b) Defined benefit plans where plan assets are measured at fair value.
iii) Current and Non Current Classification.
All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company's operating cycle
and other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. Based on the nature of products
and the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash
equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current - non¬
current classification of assets and liabilities.
(B) Use of estimates and judgements
The preparation of financial statements requires management to make judgments, estimates and
assumptions in the application of accounting policies that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities,
income and expenses. Actual results may differ from these estimates. Continuous evaluation is done on the
estimation and judgments based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future
events that are believed to be reasonable. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised prospectively.
(C) Financial Instruments
A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or
equity instrument of another entity.
(I) Financial Assets
(i) Classification
The Company classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories:
(a) those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through other comprehensive income, or through
profit or loss); and
(b) those measured at amortised cost.
The classification depends on the entity’s business model for managing the financial assets and the
contractual terms of the cash flows.
(a) For assets measured at fair value, gains and losses will either be recorded in profit or loss or other
comprehensive income.
(b) For investments in debt instruments, this will depend on the business model in which the investment is
held.
(c) For investments in equity instruments, this will depend on whether the Company has made an irrevocable
election at the time of initial recognition to account for the equity investment at fair value through other
comprehensive income.
The Company reclassifies debt investments when and only when its business model for managing those
assets changes.
(ii) Measurement
At initial recognition, the Company measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial
asset not at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of
the financial asset. Transaction costs of financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are
expensed in profit or loss.
(a) Debt instruments
Subsequent measurement of debt instruments depends on the Company’s business model for managing the
asset and the cash flow characteristics of the asset. There are three measurement categories into which the
Company classifies its debt instruments:
Amortised cost: Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows where those cash flows
represent solely payments of principal and interest are measured at amortised cost. A gain or loss on a debt
investment that is subsequently measured at amortised cost and is not part of a hedging relationship is
recognised in profit or loss when the asset is derecognised or impaired. Interest income from these financial
assets is included in other income using the effective interest rate method.
Fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI): Assets that are held for collection of contractual
cash flows and for selling the financial assets, where the assets’ cash flows represent solely payments of
principal and interest, are measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI). Movements
in the carrying amount are taken through OCI, except for the recognition of impairment gains or losses,
interest income and foreign exchange gains and losses which are recognised in profit and loss. When the
financial asset is derecognised, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from
equity to profit or loss and recognised in other income or other expenses (as applicable). Interest income
from these financial assets is included in other income using the effective interest rate method.
Fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL): Assets that do not meet the criteria for amortised cost or FVOCI
are measured at fair value through profit or loss. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently
measured at fair value through profit or loss and is not part of a hedging relationship is recognised in profit or
loss and presented net in the statement of profit and loss within other income or other expenses (as
applicable) in the period in which it arises. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other
income or other expenses, as applicable.
(b) Equity instruments
The Company subsequently measures all equity investments at fair value. Where the Company’s
management has selected to present fair value gains and losses on equity investments in other
comprehensive income and there is no subsequent reclassification of fair value gains and losses to profit or
loss. Dividends from such investments are recognised in profit or loss as other income when the Company’s
right to receive payments is established.
Changes in the fair value of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are recognised in other income
or other expenses, as applicable in the statement of profit and loss. Impairment losses (and reversal of
impairment losses) on equity investments measured at FVOCI are not reported separately from other
changes in fair value.
(c) Fair Value Hedge
Derivatives are initially measured at fair value. Subsequent to initial recognition, derivatives are measured at
fair value and changes therein are recognised in statement of profit and loss.
(iii) Impairment of financial assets
The Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its assets
carried at amortised cost and FVOCI debt instruments. The impairment methodology applied depends on
whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk.
For trade receivables only, the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial
Instruments, which requires expected lifetime credit losses (ECL) to be recognised from initial recognition of
the receivables. The Company uses historical default rates to determine impairment loss on the portfolio of
trade receivables. At every reporting date these historical default rates are reviewed and changes in the
forward looking estimates are analysed.
For other assets, the Company uses 12 month ECL to provide for impairment loss where there is no
significant increase in credit risk. If there is significant increase in credit risk full lifetime ECL is used.
(iv) Derecognition of financial assets
A financial asset is derecognised only when -
(a) The Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset or
(b) retains the contractual rights to receive the cash flows of the financial asset, but assumes a contractual
obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.
Where the entity has transferred an asset, the Company evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all
risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset. In such cases, the financial asset is derecognised.
Where the entity has not transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset,
the financial asset is not derecognised.
Where the entity has neither transferred a financial asset nor retains substantially all risks and rewards of
ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is derecognised if the Company has not retained control
of the financial asset. Where the Company retains control of the financial asset, the asset is continued to be
recognised to the extent of continuing involvement in the financial asset.
(II) Financial Liabilities
(i) Measurement
Financial liabilities are initially recognised at fair value, reduced by transaction costs(in case of financial
liability not at fair value through profit or loss), that are directly attributable to the issue of financial liability.
After initial recognition, financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost using effective interest method.
The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash outflow (including all fees
paid, transaction cost, and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the financial liability, or,
where appropriate, a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition. At the time of initial
recognition, there is no financial liability irrevocably designated as measured at fair value through profit or
loss.
(ii) Derecognition
A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or
expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially
different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or
modification is treated as the de-recognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The
difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the statement of profit or loss.
(D) Financial guarantee contracts
Financial guarantee contracts are recognised as a financial liability at the time the guarantee is issued. The
liability is initially measured at fair value and subsequently at the higher of the amount determined in
accordance with Ind AS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets and the amount initially
recognised less cumulative amortization, where appropriate.
(E) Segment Report
(i) The company identifies primary segment based on the dominant source, nature of risks and returns and
the internal organisaiton and mangagement structure. The operating segement are the segments for which
separate financial information is available and for which operating profit/loss amounts are evaluated regularly
by the executive Management in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance.
(ii) The analysis of geographical segments is based on the areas in which major operating divisions of the
Company operate.
(F) Inventories Valuation
(i) Consumable tools, Silver, raw material, packing material, work in progress, finished goods and stores &
spares have been valued at lower of cost and net realisable value.
(ii) Cost of raw material has been ascertained on weighted average cost basis. Cost of finished goods and
work-in-progress comprises, raw materials, direct labour, other direct costs and related production
overheads.
(iii) Cost of other inventories has been ascertained on First-In-First-Out method (FIFO).
(G) Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents includes cash in hand, deposits with banks, other short term highly liquid
investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of
cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
For the purpose of presentation in the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents includes
outstanding bank overdraft shown within current liabilities in statement of financial balance sheet and which
are considered as integral part of company’s cash management policy.
(H) Income tax and deferred tax
The Income tax expense or credit for the year is the tax payable on the current year’s taxable income based
on the applicable income tax rate adjusted by changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities attributable to
temporary differences and to unused tax losses.
Current and deferred tax is recognised in the profit and loss except to the extent it relates to items
recognised directly in equity or other comprehensive income, in which case it is recognised in equity or other
comprehensive income respectively.
(i) Current income tax
Current tax charge is based on taxable profit for the year. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the
amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date where the Company
operates and generates taxable income. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in tax returns
with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulation is subject to interpretation. It establishes
provisions where appropriate on the basis of amounts expected to be paid to the tax authorities.
Current tax assets and tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off current tax
assets against current tax liabilities and Company intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realise the
asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
(ii) Deferred tax
Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of
assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the financial statements at the reporting date. Deferred tax
assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable income will be available against
which the deductible temporary differences, unused tax losses, depreciation carry-forwards and unused tax
credits could be utilised.
Deferred income tax is not accounted for if it arises from initial recognition of an asset or liability in a
transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting
profit nor taxable profit (tax loss).
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured based on the tax rates that are expected to apply in the
period when the asset is realised or the liability is settled, based on tax rates and tax laws that have been
enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted to reflect
changes in probability that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be
recovered.
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are off-set against each other and the resultant net amount is
presented in the Balance Sheet, if and only when, (a) the Company has a legally enforceable right to set-off
the current income tax assets and liabilities, and (b) the deferred income tax assets and liabilities relate to
income tax levied by the same taxation authority.
(I) Property, plant and equipment
On transition to Ind AS, The Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of its property,
plant and equipment recognised as at 1 April 2016 measured as per the previous GAAP and used those
carrying value as the deemed cost of the property, plant and equipment.
(i) Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Cost includes
expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items.
(ii) Subsequent costs are included in the asset’s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as
appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the
company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component
accounted for as a separate asset is derecognised when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are
charged to profit or loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.
(iii) Cost of Capital Work in Progress (‘CWIP’) comprises amount paid towards acquisition of property, plant
and equipment outstanding as of each balance sheet date and construction expenditures, other expenditures
necessary for the purpose of preparing the CWIP for it intended use and borrowing cost incurred before the
qualifying asset is ready for intended use. CWIP is not depreciated until such time as the relevant asset is
completed and ready for its intended use.
(iv) Depreciation methods, estimated useful lives and residual value:
(a) Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation.
(b Depreciation in respect of tangible assets i.e. Factory Building for SF6, Electric Installation for SF6 project,
Factory Buildings at Plot No. 85-B and Plot Nos. 85/D & E has been provided on straight line method (SLM)
and in respect of all other tangible assets on written down method (WDV) as per the useful life prescribed in
Schedule II to the Companies Act,2013. Depreciation in respect of the following tangible assets, whose life of
the assets has been assessed by the management as under based on technical advice, taking into account
the nature of the asset, the estimated usage of the asset, the operating conditions of the asset, past history
of replacement, anticipated technological changes, manufacturers warranties and maintenance support etc.
is charged as under:
Assets
Plant & Machinery AG 13.91% on WDV Basis
Plant & Machinery SF6 4.75% on SLM Basis
R&D Plant & Machinery 4.75% on SLM Basis
(c) Certain assets had been revalued by the Company in the year 1993 - 1994, these assets are appearing at
revalued amounts less accumulated depreciation. All other assets are appearing at historical cost less
accumulated depreciation.
(d) No amortisation is provided in accounts in respect of Leasehold Land.
(e) Tangible assets which are not ready for their intended use on reporting date are carried as capital work-in¬
progress.
(f) The residual values are not more than 5% of the original cost of the asset.
An asset’s carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the asset’s carrying
amount is greater than its estimated recoverable amount.
Estimated useful lives, residual values and depreciation methods are reviewed annually, taking into account
commercial and technological obsolescence as well as normal wear and tear and adjusted prospectively, if
appropriate.
Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are
included in profit or loss within other expenses or other income as applicable.
(J) Investment Property
Property that is held for rental or Capital appreciation and which is not occupied by the Company, is
classified by Investing property. Investment property is measured at cost including related transaction cost
and where applicable borrowing cost. Investment properties are depreciated at the same rate applicable for
class of asset under Property,Plant and Equipment.
On transition to Ind AS, the Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of its investment
properties recognised as at April 01, 2016 measured as per the previous GAAP and use that carrying value
as the deemed cost of investment properties.
(K) Intangible assets
On transition to Ind AS, The Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of its intangible
assets recognised as at 1 April 2016 measured as per the previous GAAP and used those carrying value as
the deemed cost of the intangible assets.
(i) An intangible asset shall be recognised if, and only if: (a) it is probable that the expected future economic
benefits that are attributable to the asset will flow to the Company and (b) the cost of the asset can be
measured reliably.
(ii) Cost of technical know-how is amortised over a period of 10 years.
(iii) Computer software is capitalised where it is expected to provide future enduring economic benefits.
Capitalisation costs include licence fees and costs of implementation / system integration services. The
costs are capitalised in the year in which the relevant software is implemented for use. The same is
amortised over a period of 5 years on straight-line method.
(L) Leases
(i) As a lessee
AS 116 - Lease Accounting
As a lessee, the Company previously classified leases as operating or finance leases based on its
assessment of whether the lease transferred significantly all of the risks and rewards incidental to ownership
of the underlying asset to the Company. Under Ind AS 116, the Company recognizes right of use assets and
lease liabilities for most leases i.e. these leases are on balance sheet.
On transition, the Company has applied following practical expedients:
^ Applied a single discount rate to a portfolio of leases of similar assets in similar economic environment
with similar end date.
^ Applied the expemption not to recognise right-of-use-assets and liabilities for leases with less than 12
months of lease term on the date of transition.
^ Excluded the initial direct costs from the measurement of the right-of -use-asset at the date of transition.
^ Grandfathered the assessment of which transactions are, or contain leases. Accordingly, Ind AS 116 is
applied only to contracts that were previously identified as leases under Ind AS 17.
^ Relied on its assessment of whether leases are onerous, applying Ind AS 37 immediately before the date
of initial application as an alternative to performing an impairment review.
^ Used hindsight when determining the lease term if the contract contains options to extend or terminate
the lease.
Company has applied the practical expedient in for accounting of short-term leases, i.e., it has recognised
lease payments as expense as per Para 6 of Ind AS 116 instead of recognising the lease transaction as right
of use asset with corresponding lease liability as required under Para 22 of Ind AS 116.
(ii) As a lessor
Lease income from operating leases where the Company is a lessor is recognised in income on a straight¬
line basis over the lease term unless the receipts are structured to increase in line with expected general
inflation to compensate for the expected inflationary cost increases. The respective leased assets are
included in the balance sheet based on their nature.
(M) Revenue Recognition
Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable. Amounts disclosed as
revenue are net of returns, trade discount, taxes and amounts collected on behalf of third parties. The
Company recognises revenue as under:
(1) Sales
(1) The Company recognizes revenue from sale of goods when:
(a) The significant risks and rewards of ownership in the goods are transferred to the buyer as per the terms
of the contract, which coincides with the delivery of goods.
(b) The Company retains neither continuing managerial involvement to the degree usually associated with
the ownership nor effective control over the goods sold.
(c) The amount of revenue can be reliably measured.
(d) It is probable that future economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Company.
(e) The cost incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.
(f) The company bases its estimates on historical results, taking into consideration the type of customer, the
type of transaction and the specifics of each arrangement.
(ii) The Company recognizes revenue from sale of services when:
(a) The amount of revenue can be measured reliably.
(b) It is probable that future economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Company.
(c) The stage of completion of the transaction at the end of the reporting period can be measured reliably.
(d) The cost incurred for transaction and the cost to complect the transaction can be measured reliably.
(2) Other Income
(i) Interest Income
Interest income from debt instruments is recognised using the effective interest rate method. The effective
interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the
financial asset to the gross carrying amount of a financial asset. When calculating the effective interest rate,
the group estimates the expected cash flows by considering all the contractual terms of the financial
instrument (for example, prepayment, extension, call and similar options) but does not consider the expected
credit losses.
(ii) Dividends
Dividends are recognised in profit or loss only when the right to receive payment is established, it is probable
that the economic benefits associated with the dividend will flow to the group, and the amount of the dividend
can be measured reliably.
(iii) Export Benefits
Export incentives are accounted for on export of goods if the entitlements can be estimated with reasonable
accuracy and conditions precedent to claim are fulfilled.
(N) Employee Benefit
(i) Short-term obligations
Liabilities for wages and salaries, including non-monetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly
within 12 months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are
recognised in respect of employees' services up to the end of the reporting period and are measured at the
amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled. The liabilities are presented as current
employee benefit obligations in the balance sheet.
(ii) Other long-term employee benefit obligations
The liabilities for earned leave are not expected to be settled wholly within 12 months after the end of the
period in which the employees render the related service. They are therefore measured as the present value
of expected future payments to be made in respect of services provided by employees up to the end of the
reporting period using the projected unit credit method. The benefits are discounted using the appropriate
market yields at the end of the reporting period that have terms approximating to the terms of the related
obligation. Remeasurements as a result of experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions
are recognised in profit or loss.
The obligations are presented as current liabilities in the balance sheet if the entity does not have an
unconditional right to defer settlement for at least twelve months after the reporting period, regardless of
when the actual settlement is expected to occur.
(iii) Post-employment obligations
The group operates the following post-employment schemes:
(a) Defined benefit gratuity & Leave plan:
Gratuity and Leave encashment which are defined benefits are accrued based on actuarial valuation working
provided by Life Insurance Corporation of India ( LIC) . The Company has opted for a Group Gratuity-cum-
Life Assurance Scheme of the Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC), and the contribution is charged to
the Statement of Profit & Loss each year. The Company has funded the liability on account of leave benefits
through LIC's Group Leave Encashment Assurance Scheme and the Contribution is charged to Statement of
Profit and Loss. In case of non member of the gratuity fund, the same is provided as per the approval of
central Government and/or as per payment of the Gratuity Act, 1972.
The liability or asset recognised in the balance sheet in respect of defined benefit gratuity plans is the
present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period less the fair value of plan.
The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually as provided by LIC. The present value of the defined
benefit obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows by reference to market
yields at the end of the reporting period on government bonds that have terms approximating to the terms of
the related obligation. The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of
the defined benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets. This cost is included in employee benefit
expense in the statement of profit and loss. Remeasurement gains and losses arising from experience
adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in the period in which they occur, directly
in other comprehensive income. They are included in retained earnings in the statement of changes in equity
and in the balance sheet.
(b) Defined benefit provident fund plan:
Contribution payable to recognised provident fund which is defined contribution scheme is charged to
Statement of Profit & Loss. The company has no further obligation to the plan beyond its contribution.
(0) Foreign currency translation
(1) Functional and presentation currency
Items included in the financial statements of the Company are measured using the currency of the primary
economic environment in which the Company operates (‘the functional currency’). The financial statements
are presented in Indian rupee (?), which is Company’s functional and presentation currency.
(ii) Transactions and balances
Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the
dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such
transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at
year end exchange rates are generally recognised in profit or loss. All the foreign exchange gains and
losses are presented in the statement of Profit and Loss on a net basis within other expenses or other
income as applicable.
(P) Borrowing Cost
(i) Borrowings are initially recognised at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are
subsequently measured at amortised cost. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs)
and the redemption amount is recognised in profit or loss over the period of the borrowings using the
effective interest method. Fees paid on the establishment of loan facilities are recognised as transaction
costs of the loan to the extent that it is probable that some or all of the facility will be drawn down. In this
case, the fee is deferred until the draw down occurs. To the extent there is no evidence that it is probable
that some or all of the facility will be drawn down, the fee is capitalised as a prepayment for liquidity services
and amortised over the period of the facility to which it relates.
(ii) Borrowings are classified as current financial liabilities unless the group has an unconditional right to
defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the reporting period. Where there is a breach of a
material provision of a long-term loan arrangement on or before the end of the reporting period with the effect
that the liability becomes payable on demand on the reporting date, the entity does not classify the liability as
current, if the lender agreed, after the reporting period and before the approval of the financial statements for
issue, not to demand payment as a consequence of the breach.
(Q) Earnings per share
(i) Basic earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing:
- the profit attributable to owners of the Company; and
- by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the financial year, adjusted for bonus
elements in equity shares issued during the year.
ii) Diluted earnings per share
Diluted earnings per share adjust the figures used in the determination of basic earnings per share to take
into account:
- the after income tax effect of interest and other financing costs associated with dilutive potential equity
shares; and
- the weighted average number of additional equity shares that would have been outstanding assuming the
conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.
(R) Impairment of Assets
Intangible assets that have an indefinite useful life are not subject to amortization and are tested annually for
impairment or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that they might be impaired.
Other assets are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the
carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the
asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s
fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are
grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash inflows which are largely
independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets (cash-generating units). Non-financial
assets that suffered impairment are reviewed for possible reversal of the impairment at the end of each
reporting period.
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