1 Corporate information

Sakuma Exports Limited (“The Company”), a Government of India recognised Star Trading House, is a public limited company domiciled in India and incorporated on August 31, 2005, CIN - L51909MH2005PLC155765. The registered office of the company is located at 301-A, Aurus Chambers, SS Amrutwar Lane, Near Mahindra Tower, Worli, Mumbai - 400013. The shares of the company are listed on Bombay Stock Exchange(BSE) and National Stock Exchange (NSE). The company is engaged in trading of Agro Commodities and caters to both domestic as well as international markets.

Authorisation of Financial Statements: The financial statements were authorised for issue in accordance with a resolution of the directors on 30th May 2024.

2.1 Basis of accounting and preparation of financial statements

The financial statements are prepared in accordance with the Indian Accounting Standards (hereinafter referred to as the ‘Ind AS’) as notified by Ministry of Corporate Affairs pursuant to Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with Rule 3 of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 and the other relevant provisions of the Act and rules thereunder.

The Financial Statements have been prepared under historical cost convention basis except

a. Certain financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value (refer accounting policies for financial instruments).

b. Defined Benefits plans —Plan assets measured at Fair Value

The accounting policies are applied consistently to all the periods presented in the financial statements except where a newly issued Accounting Standard is initially adopted or a revision to an existing accounting standard requires a change in the accounting policy hitherto in use.

Material Accounting Policies

2.2 Use of estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with Ind AS, requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions. These estimates, judgments and assumptions affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period. Accounting estimates could change from period to period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Appropriate changes in estimates are made as management becomes aware of changes in circumstances surrounding the estimates. Changes in estimates are reflected in the financial statements in the period in which changes are made and, if material, their effects are disclosed in the notes to the financial statements.

2.3 Fair Value Remeasurements:

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or settle a liability in an ordinary transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumption that market participants would use when pricing an asset or liability acting in their best economic interest. The Company used valuation techniques, which were appropriate in circumstances and for which sufficient data were available considering the expected loss/ profit in case of financial assets or liabilities.

2.4 Cash Flow Statements:

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit / (loss) before extraordinary items and tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments and item of income or expenses associated with investing or financing cash flows. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.

2.5 Property. Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost of acquisition less accumulated depreciation and impairment, if any.

The cost comprises of purchase price, taxes, duties, freight and other incidental expenses directly attributable and related to acquisition of the concerned assets and are further adjusted by the amount of Input Credit of taxes availed wherever applicable.

Property, plant and equipment which are not ready for intended use as on the date of Balance Sheet date are disclosed as “Capital work-in-progress”.

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognized upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from the continued use of asset.

The residual values are not more than 5% of the original cost of the Asset. The Property, plant and equipment’s residual values and useful lives are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and changes, if any, are treated as changes in accounting estimate.

The Company has applied principles of Ind AS 16 retrospectively from date of acquisition and considered the same as deemed cost in accordance with Ind AS 101 First Time adoption. On transition to Ind-AS, the Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of intangible assets recognised as at April 01, 2016 measured as per IGAAP as the deemed cost of assets.

The estimated useful lives considered of Property, Plant and Equipment of the Company are as follows:

2.6 Intangible Assets

Intangible assets acquired are measured on initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less any accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

2.7 Depreciation and Amortisation

Depreciation of these assets commences when the assets are ready for their intended use. Items of property, plant and equipment are depreciated in a manner that amortizes the cost (or other amount substituted for cost) of the assets, less its residual value, over their useful lives as specified in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013 on a written down value basis except Lease Hold Land on which straight line basis depreciation is charged.

2.8 Investments

Investments, which are readily realisable and intended to be held for not more than one year from the date on which such investments are made ,are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as non current investments.

Long-term investments (excluding investment properties), are carried individually at cost less provision for diminution, other than temporary, in the value of such investments. Current investments are carried individually, at the lower of cost and fair value. Cost of investments includes acquisition charges such as brokerage, fees and duties.

Investments in Subsidiaries

Investments in subsidiaries are carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses, if any. Where an indication of impairment exists, the carrying amount of the investment is assessed and written down immediately to its recoverable amount. On disposal of investments in subsidiaries, the difference between net disposal proceeds and the carrying amounts are recognized

in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Upon first-time adoption of Ind AS, the Company has elected to measure its investments in subsidiaries at the Previous GAAP carrying amount as its deemed cost on the date of transition to Ind AS i.e., April 01, 2016.

2.9 Leases Operating Lease:

Company as Lessee - Leases, where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the leased item, are classified as operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognised as an expense in the statement of profit and loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Initial direct costs such as legal costs, brokerage costs, etc. are recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

2.10 Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost of inventories have been computed to include all cost of purchase, and other cost incurred in bringing the goods to the present location and condition.

The cost is determined using the First in First Out Basis (FIFO).

2.11 Cash & Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid financial instruments, which are readily convertible into known amounts of cash that are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value and having original maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase, to be cash equivalents.

2.12 Income Tax

Income tax expense comprises current tax expense and the net change in the deferred tax asset or liability during the year. Current and deferred tax are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss, except when they relate to items that are recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.

Current Tax

Current income tax for the current and prior periods are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities based on the taxable income for that period. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.

Current tax assets and liabilities are offset only if, the Company:

- has a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts; and

- Intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax is recognized for the future tax consequences of deductible temporary differences between the carrying values of assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases at the reporting date, using the tax rates and laws that are enacted or substantively enacted as on reporting date.

Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable income will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, unused tax losses and credits can be utilized.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset only if:

- Entity has a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities; and

- Deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities relate to the income taxes levied by the same taxation authority.

2.13 Financial Assets

(a) Initial recognition and measurement

On initial recognition, a financial asset is recognised at fair value. In case of Financial assets which are recognised at fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL), its transaction cost are recognised in the statement of profit and loss. In other cases, the transaction cost are attributed to the acquisition value of the financial asset. However, Trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component are measured at transaction price.

(b) Subsequent measurement

Subsequent measurement is determined with reference to the classification of the respective financial assets. The Company classifies financial assets as subsequently measured at amortised cost, fair value through other comprehensive income or fair value through profit or loss on the basis of its business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset.

(i) Debt Instruments

A ‘debt instrument’ is measured at the amortised cost if both the following conditions are met:

- The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets for collecting contractual cash flows, and

- Contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.

After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate (EIR) method. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included in finance income in the Statement of Profit & Loss. The losses arising from impairment are recognised in the Statement of Profit & Loss.

(ia) Debt instruments at Fair value through Other Comprehensive Income (FVOCI)

A ‘debt instrument’ is measured at the fair value through other comprehensive income if both the following conditions are met:

- The asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets

- Contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.

After initial measurement, these assets are subsequently measured at fair value. Interest income under effective interest method, foreign exchange gains and losses and impairment are recognised in the Statement of Profit & Loss. Other net gains and losses are recognised in other comprehensive Income.

(ib) Debt instruments at Fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)

Fair value through profit or loss is a residual category for debt instruments. Any debt instrument, which does not meet the criteria for categorisation as at amortised cost or as FVOCI, is classified as at FVTPL.

(ii) Equity Instruments

All equity investments in scope of Ind-AS 109 are measured at fair value. Equity instruments which are held for trading are classified as at FVTPL. For all other equity instruments, the Company decides to classify the same either as at FVOCI or FVTPL. The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable.

For equity instruments classified as FVOCI, all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends, are recognized in other comprehensive income (OCI).

Equity instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognized in the Statement of Profit & Loss.

(c) Derecognition

A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a group of similar financial assets) is primarily derecognised (i.e. removed from the Company’s Balance Sheet) when:

(i) The rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired, or

(ii) The Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a ‘pass-through’ arrangement; and either:

- The Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or

- The Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.

Impairment of financial assets

The Company measures the expected credit loss associated with its assets based on historical trend, industry practices and the Business environment in which the entity operates or any other appropriate basis. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk.

Income Recognition

Interest Income from debt instruments is recognised using the effective interest rate method.

2.14 Financial Liabilities

Initial recognition and measurement

All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value net of transaction costs that are attributable to the respective liabilities.

Subsequent measurement

Subsequent measurement is determined with reference to the classification of the respective financial liabilities.

The measurement of Financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:

(i) Financial Liabilities at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)

A financial liability is classified as at fair value through profit or loss if it is classified as held-for-trading or is designated as such on initial recognition. Financial liabilities at FVTPL are measured at fair value and changes therein, including any interest expense, are recognised in Statement of Profit & Loss.

(ii) Financial Liabilities measured at amortised cost

After initial recognition, financial liabilities other than those which are classified as fair value through profit or loss are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method (“EIR”).

Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included as finance costs in the Statement of Profit & Loss.

Derecognition

A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the Statement of Profit & Loss.

2.15 Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, or to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

2.16 Fair Value of Financial Instruments

In determining the fair value of its financial instruments, the Company uses following hierarchy and assumptions that are based on market conditions and risks existing at each reporting date.

Fair Value Hierarchy

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

- Level 1 : Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

- Level 2 : Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable

- Level 3 : Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable

For assets and liabilities that are recognized in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorization (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

2.17 Classification of Assets and Liabilities as Current and Non-Current:

All assets and liabilities are classified as current or non-current as per the Company’s normal operating cycle (determined at 12 months) and other criteria set out in Schedule III of the Act.

2.18.1 A. Revenue from contract with customer

Revenue from contracts with customers is recognised when control of the goods or services are transferred to the customer at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company has generally concluded that it is the principal in its revenue arrangements, because it typically controls the goods or services before transferring them to the customer.

Revenue is measured based on the transaction price (which is the consideration, adjusted to discounts, incentives and returns, etc., if any) that is allocated to that performance obligation. These are generally accounted for as variable consideration estimated in the same period the related sales occur. The methodology and assumptions used to estimate rebates and returns are monitored and adjusted regularly in the light of contractual and legal obligations, historical trends, past experience and projected market conditions.

Revenue from sale of products and services are recognised at the time of satisfaction of performance obligation. The period over which revenue is recognised is based on entity’s right to payment for performance completed. In determining whether an entity has right to payment, the entity shall consider whether it would have an enforceable right to demand or retain payment for performance completed to date if the contract were to be terminated before completion for reasons other than entity’s failure to perform as per the terms of the contract.

Trade receivables

Trade receivables are amounts due from customers for goods sold or services performed in the ordinary course of business and reflects company’s unconditional right to consideration (that is, payment is due only on the passage of time). Trade receivables are recognised initially at the transaction price as they do not contain significant financing components.

The company holds the trade receivables with the objective of collecting the contractual cash flows and therefore measures them subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less loss allowance.

2.18.2 (b) Other income

Export Incentives under various schemes are accounted in the year of export.

Interest income is recognized on time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the rate applicable.

Dividends are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss only when the right to receive payment is established, it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the dividend will flow to the Company, and the amount of the dividend can be measured reliably.

2.19 Foreign currency Translations Functional and presentation currency

The financial statements are presented in Indian rupee (INR), which is Company’s functional and presentation currency. All amounts have been rounded off to the nearest lakhs, unless otherwise indicated.

Transactions and Balances

Transactions in foreign currencies are recorded at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the functional currency closing rates of exchange at the reporting date.

Monetary Items

Exchange differences arising on settlement or translation of monetary items are recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss except to the extent of exchange differences which are regarded as an adjustment to interest costs on foreign currency borrowings that are directly attributable to the acquisition or construction of qualifying assets, are capitalized as cost of assets.

Non - Monetary Items

Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are recorded using the exchange rates at the date of the transaction.

2.20 Employee benefits

Employee benefits include provident fund, gratuity fund and compensated absences.

(a) Defined contribution plans

The Company’s contribution to provident fund are considered as defined contribution plans and are charged as an expense as they fall due based on the amount of contribution required to be made.

(b) Defined benefit plans

Defined Benefit Plan i.e. gratuity is recognised on accrual basis based on the actuarial valuation in accordance with the requirement of Ind AS 19.

Payment for present liability of future payment of gratuity is being made to approve gratuity fund, which fully covers the same under Cash Accumulation Policy and Debt fund of the PNB Met Life Insurance Company Ltd. However, any deficit in plan assets managed by PNB Met Life Insurance as compared to the liability on the basis of an independent actuarial valuation is recognized as a liability. The liability or asset recognized in the Balance Sheet in respect of defined benefit gratuity plans is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period less the fair value of plan assets. The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by actuaries using the projected unit credit method in conformity with the principles and manner of computation specified in Ind AS 19. The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets. This cost is included in employee benefit expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(c) Privilege leave entitlements

Privilege leave entitlements are recognized as a liability, in the calendar year of rendering of service, as per the rules of the Company. As accumulated leave can be availed and/or encashed at any time during the tenure of employment, subject to terms and conditions of the scheme, the liability is recognized on the basis of an actual working based on balance days of accumulated leave.

2.21 Borrowing costs

Borrowing cost directly attributable to development of qualifying assets are capitalized till the date qualifying assets is ready for put to use for its intended purpose as part of cost of that assets .Other borrowing cost are recognised as expenses in the period in which they are incurred.

2.22 Segment reporting

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision maker.

2.23 Earnings per share

The basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the net profit attributable to equity shareholders for the period by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. The number of shares used in computing diluted earnings per share comprises the weighted average shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share, and also the weighted average number of equity shares which could be issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.

2.24 Impairment of Non-financial assets

The carrying values of assets/cash generating unit at each Balance Sheet date are reviewed for impairment. If any indication of impairment exists, the recoverable amount of such assets is estimated and impairment is recognized, if the carrying amount of these assets exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the net selling price and therein value in use. Value in use is arrived at by discounting the future cash flows to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor. When there is indication than an impairment loss recognized for an asset in earlier accounting periods no longer exists or may have decreased, such reversal of impairment loss is recognized in the statement of profit and loss except in case of revalued assets.

2.25 Provisions

The Company recognizes provisions when a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event exists and it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle such obligation and the amount of such obligation can be reliably estimated.

If the effect of time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognized as a finance cost.

2.26 Contingent Liabilities

A disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably will not require an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits or the amount of such obligation cannot be measured reliably. When there is a possible obligation or a present obligation in respect of which likelihood of outflow of resources embodying economic benefits is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.

2.27 Significant accounting judgments, estimates and assumptions:

The preparation of financial statements requires the use of accounting estimates which, by definition, will seldom equal the actual results. Management also needs to exercise Judgement in applying the Company’s accounting policies.

The estimates and judgements involves a higher degree of judgement or complexity, and of items which are more likely to be materially adjusted due to estimates and assumptions turning out to be different than those originally assessed .Detailed information about each of these estimates and judgements is included in relevant notes.

Critical estimates and judgements

The areas involving critical estimates or judgements are:

a. Estimation of current tax expenses and payable

b. Estimated useful life of Intangible assets

c. Estimation of defined benefit obligation

d. Estimation of Provisions and Contingencies

e. Estimation of Incremental Borrowing rate —Leases