ID. Material Accounting Policy information
Material accounting policy information has been identified and disclosed based on the guidance provided under Ind AS 1. The
material accounting policy information used in preparation of the financial statements have been disclosed in the respective notes.
IE. Use of Assumptions, Judgments and Estimates
The key assumption, judgment and estimation at the reporting date, that have significant risk causing the material adjustment to
the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are described below. The company based its assumption,
judgment and estimation on parameters available on the standalone financial statements were prepared. Existing circumstances
and assumption about future development, however, may change due to market changes or circumstances arising that are beyond
the control of the company. Such changes are reflected in the assumption when they occur.
i) Revenue
The application of revenue recognition accounting standards is complex and involves a number of key judgements and
estimates. Revenue is measured based on the transaction price, which is the consideration, adjusted for volume discounts,
price concessions and incentives, if any, as specified in the contract with the customer. The Company exercises judgment in
determining whether the performance obligation is satisfied at a point in time or over a period of time.
The measurement of construction contracts in progress is based on an assessment of the stage of each project and expectations
concerning the remaining progress towards completion of each contract, including the outcome of disagreements. The
assessment of stage, income and expenses, including disagreements, is made on a project-by-project basis.
The assessment of disagreements relating to extra work, extensions of time, demands concerning liquidated damages,
etc., is based on the nature of the circumstances, knowledge of the client, the stage of negotiations, previous experience
and consequently an assessment of the likely outcome of each case. For major disagreements, external legal opinions are a
fundamental part of the assessment.
Estimates concerning the remaining progress towards completion depend on a number of factors, and project assumptions
may change as the work is being performed. Likewise, the assessment of disagreements may change as the cases proceed.
Actual results may therefore differ materially from expectations. Provisions for estimated losses, if any, on uncompleted
contracts are recorded in the period in which such losses become probable based on the expected contract estimates at the
reporting date.
ii) Impairment of non-financial assets
The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication
exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates the asset's recoverable amount.
An asset's recoverable amount is the higher of an asset's or CGU's fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. It is
determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from
other assets or groups of assets. Where the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is
considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount.
An impairment loss is recognized as an expense in the standalone statement of profit and loss in the year in which an
asset is identified as impaired. The impairment loss recognized in earlier accounting period is reversed if there has been an
improvement in recoverable amount.
iii) Defined benefit plans
The cost of the defined benefit plan and other post-employment benefits and the present value of such obligation are
determined using actuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual
developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases, mortality rates and
attrition rate. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly
sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.
iv) Fair value measurement of financial instruments
When the fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities recorded in the balance sheet cannot be measured based on
quoted prices in active markets, their fair value is measured using valuation techniques including the Discounted Cash Flow
(DCF) model. The inputs to these models are taken from observable markets where possible, but where this is not feasible, a
degree of judgement is required in establishing fair values. Judgements include considerations of inputs such as liquidity risk,
credit risk and volatility. Changes in assumptions about these factors could affect the reported fair value of financial instruments.
v) Impairment of financial assets
The impairment provisions for financial assets are based on assumptions about risk of default and expected loss rates. The
Company uses judgement in making these assumptions and selecting the inputs to the impairment calculation, based on
Company's past history, existing market conditions as well as forward looking estimates at the end of each reporting period.
vi) Share-based payments
The Company measures the cost of equity-settled transactions with employees using Black-Scholes model to determine
the fair value of the liability incurred on the grant date. Estimating fair value for share-based payment transactions requires
determination of the most appropriate valuation model, which is dependent on the terms and conditions of the grant. This
estimate also requires determination of the most appropriate inputs to the valuation model including the expected life of the
share option, volatility and dividend yield and making assumptions about them.
vii) Recognition of Deferred Tax Assets
The extent to which deferred tax assets can be recognized is based on an assessment of the probability of the Company's
future taxable income against which the deferred tax assets can be utilized. In addition, significant judgement is required in
assessing the impact of any legal or economic limits.
viii) Classification of Leases
The Company enters into leasing arrangements for various assets. The classification of the leasing arrangement as a finance
lease or operating lease is based on an assessment of several factors, including, but not limited to, transfer of ownership of
leased asset at end of lease term, lessee's option to purchase and estimated certainty of exercise of such option, proportion
of lease term to the asset's economic life, proportion of present value of minimum lease payments to fair value of leased asset
and extent of specialized nature of the leased asset.
ix) Restoration, rehabilitation and decommissioning
Estimation of restoration/ rehabilitation/ decommissioning costs requires interpretation of scientific and legal data, in addition
to assumptions about probability of future costs.
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