MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
2.1 Statement of compliance
The standalone financial statements (the 'financial
statements') of the Company have been prepared on a
going concern basis in accordance with the provision
of the Companies Act, 2013 (the 'Act') and the Indian
Accounting Standards (hereinafter referred to as the 'Ind
AS') as prescribed under section 133 of the Act and other
relevant provisions of the Act, as amended from time to
time. Accounting policies have been consistently applied
except where a newly issued accounting standard is initially
adopted or a revision to an existing accounting standard
requires a change in the accounting policy hitherto in use.
2.2. Basis of preparation
The Company maintains accounts on accrual basis
following the historical cost convention, except for the
following items:
• I nvestment in Mutual Fund Schemes, Alternative
Investment Funds ('AIFs') and Unlisted equity
instruments other than investment in subsidiaries are
measured at fair value;
• Net defined benefit (assets) / liabilities - fair value
of plan assets less present value of defined benefit
obligations; and
• equity settled share-based payments - fair value of
the options granted as on the grant date.
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or
disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within
the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the
degree to which the inputs to the fair value measurements
are observable and the significance of the inputs to the fair
value measurement in its entirety:
• Level 1 — Inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in
active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
• Level 2 — Inputs other than quoted prices included
within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or
liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e.
derived from prices).
• Level 3 — Inputs not based on observable market data
(unobservable inputs). Fair values are determined in
whole or in part using a valuation model based on
assumptions that are neither supported by prices
from observable current market transactions in the
same instrument nor are they based on available
market data.
The Balance Sheet and the Statement of Profit and
Loss are prepared and presented in the format
prescribed in Division III to Schedule III to the Act.
The Company has elected to present cash flows from
operating activities using the indirect method and
items of income or expense associated with investing
or financing cash flows are presented as per the
requirements of Ind AS 7 'Statement of Cash Flows'.
The disclosure requirements with respect to items in
the Balance Sheet and the Statement of Profit and
Loss, as prescribed in Division III to Schedule III to
the Act, are presented by way of notes forming part
of the financial statements.
I ndian Rupee (?) is the Company's functional
currency and the currency of the primary economic
environment in which the Company operates.
Accordingly, management has determined that the
financial statement are presented in Indian Rupees
(?). All amounts have been rounded off to the nearest
crore up to two decimal places unless otherwise
indicated.
2.3. Use of estimates and judgments
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity
with the Ind AS requires management of the Company
to make estimates, judgements and assumptions that
affect the reported balances of assets and liabilities,
disclosures of contingent liabilities as at the date of the
financial statements and the reported amounts of income
and expense for the periods presented. Actual results may
differ from these estimates.
Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on
an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are
recognised prospectively.
Judgements
I nformation about judgements made in applying
accounting policies that have the most significant effects
on the amounts recognised in the financial statements is
included in the following notes:
(a) Leases
The Company evaluates if an arrangement qualifies
to be a lease as per the requirements of Ind AS
116. Identification of a lease requires significant
judgement. The Company uses significant judgement
in assessing the lease term (including anticipated
renewals) and the applicable discount rate. The
Company determines the lease term as the non¬
cancellable period of a lease, together with both
periods covered by an option to extend the lease if
the Company is reasonably certain to exercise that
option; and periods covered by an option to terminate
the lease if the Company is reasonably certain not
to exercise that option. In assessing whether the
Company is reasonably certain to exercise an option
to extend a lease, or not to exercise an option to
terminate a lease, it considers all relevant facts and
circumstances that create an economic incentive for
the Company to exercise the option to extend the
lease, or not to exercise the option to terminate the
lease. The Company revises the lease term if there is a
change in the non-cancellable period of a lease. The
discount rate is generally based on the incremental
borrowing rate specific to the lease being evaluated
or for a portfolio of leases with similar characteristics.
Assumptions and estimation uncertainties
I nformation about assumptions and estimation
uncertainties that have a significant risk of resulting in a
material adjustment in the year ending 31st March 2026
included in the following notes:
(a) Useful lives of property, plant and
equipment and intangibles
The Company reviews the useful life of property,
plant and equipment and intangibles at the end of
each reporting period. This reassessment may result
in change in depreciation / amortisation expense in
future periods.
(b) Impairment of investments in subsidiaries
The Company reviews the carrying value of
investments carried at cost (net of impairment, if any)
annually, or more frequently when there is indication
for impairment. If the recoverable amount is less
than the carrying amount, the impairment loss is
accounted for in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
(c) Fair value measurement of financial
instruments
When the fair value of financial assets and financial
liabilities recorded in the Balance Sheet cannot
be measured based on quoted prices in active
markets, their fair value is measured using valuation
techniques including the Discounted Cash Flow
model. The inputs to these models are taken from
observable markets where possible, but where this
is not feasible, a degree of judgement is required
in establishing fair values. Judgements include
considerations of inputs such as liquidity risk, credit
risk and volatility. Changes in assumptions about
these factors could affect the reported fair value of
financial instruments.
(d) Provision for income tax and deferred tax
assets
The Company uses estimates and judgements based
on the relevant rulings in the areas of allocation
of revenue, costs, allowances and disallowances
which is exercised while determining the provision
for income tax. A deferred tax asset is recognised
to the extent that it is probable that future taxable
profit will be available against which the deductible
temporary differences and tax losses can be utilised.
Accordingly, the Company exercises its judgement to
reassess the carrying amount of deferred tax assets at
the end of each reporting period.
(e) Provisions and contingent liabilities
The Company estimates the provisions that have
present obligations as a result of past events and it is
probable that outflow of resources will be required to
settle the obligations. These provisions are reviewed
at the end of each reporting period and are adjusted
to reflect the current best estimates. The Company
uses significant judgements to disclose contingent
liabilities. Contingent liabilities are disclosed when
there is a possible obligation arising from past
events, the existence of which will be confirmed only
by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more
uncertain future events not wholly within the control
of the Company or a present obligation that arises
from past events where it is either not probable that
an outflow of resources will be required to settle
the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount
cannot be made. Contingent assets are neither
recognised nor disclosed in the financial statements.
(f) Employee benefits
The accounting of employee benefit plans in the
nature of defined benefit requires the Company to
use key actuarial assumptions. These assumptions
have been explained under employee benefits note.
2.4 Financial Instruments
Recognition and initial measurement
Trade receivables are initially recognised when they are
originated. All other financial assets and liabilities are
recognised when the Company becomes a party to the
contractual provisions of the instrument.
A financial asset (unless it is a trade receivable without
a significant financing component) or financial liability is
initially measured at fair value plus or minus, for an item
not at fair value through profit or loss ('FVTPL'), transaction
costs that are directly attributable to its acquisition or
issue. A trade receivable without a significant financing
component is initially measured at the transaction price.
Classification and subsequent measurement
Financial assets carried at amortised cost ('AC')
Financial assets that are held within a business model
whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to
collect contractual cash flows and contractual terms of
financial assets give rise on specified dates to cash flows
that are solely payments of principal and interest on the
principal amount outstanding, are subsequently measured
at amortised cost using the effective interest rate (' EIR')
method less impairment, if any. The amortisation of EIR
and loss arising from impairment, if any is recognised in
the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Financial assets at FVTPL
I nvestments in equity instruments are measured at FVTPL,
unless the Company irrevocably elects on initial recognition
to present subsequent changes in the fair value of equity
investments which are not held for trading in Other
comprehensive income ('OCI'). Debt instruments that do
not meet the amortised cost or Fair value through other
comprehensive income ('FVTOCI') criteria are measured
at FVTPL. In addition, debt instruments that meet the
amortised cost or FVTOCI criteria but are designated as at
FVTPL are measured at FVTPL. A debt instrument that meets
the amortised cost or FVTOCI criteria may be designated at
FVTPL upon initial recognition if such designation eliminates
or significantly reduces a measurement or recognition
inconsistency that would arise from measuring assets or
liabilities or recognizing the gains and losses on them on
different bases. Financial assets at FVTPL are measured
at fair value at the end of each reporting period, with any
gains or losses arising on re-measurement recognised in
the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Further, net gains or losses on financial assets at FVTPL
include interest and dividend income. The net gain
recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss is included in
the 'Revenue from Operations' line item and in case of net
loss recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss is included
in the 'Expenses' line item. The transaction cost directly
attributable to the acquisition of financial asset at FVTPL is
immediately recognised to profit and loss.
Investment in subsidiaries
I nvestment in equity instruments issued by subsidiaries is
measured at cost less impairment loss, if any.
I nvestment in Alternative Investment Funds ('AIFs') is
measured at fair value through profit and loss.
Business Model Assessment
Classification and measurement of financial assets
depends on the results of business model and the solely
payments of principal and interest ('SPPI') test. The
Company determines the business model at a level that
reflects how groups of financial assets are managed
together to achieve a particular business objective.
This assessment includes judgement reflecting all relevant
evidence including how the performance of the assets
is evaluated and their performance measured, the risks
that affect the performance of the assets and how these
are managed and how the managers of the assets are
compensated. The Company monitors financial assets
measured at amortised cost or fair value through profit
and loss statement that are derecognised prior to their
maturity to understand the reason for their disposal and
whether the reasons are consistent with the objective of
the business for which the asset was held. Monitoring is
part of the Company's continuous assessment of whether
the business model for which the remaining financial
assets are held continues to be appropriate and if it is not
appropriate whether there has been a change in business
model and so a prospective change to the classification of
those assets.
Assessment whether contractual cash flows are
solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI)
For the purposes of this assessment, 'principal' is defined
as the fair value of the financial asset on initial recognition.
'Interest' is defined as consideration for the time value of
money and for the credit risk associated with the principal
amount outstanding during a particular period of time and
for other basic lending risks and costs (e.g. liquidity risk
and administrative costs), as well as a profit margin.
I n assessing whether the contractual cash flows are
solely payments of principal and interest, the Company
considers the contractual terms of the instrument. This
includes assessing whether the financial asset contains a
contractual term that could change the timing or amount
of contractual cash flows such that it would not meet
this condition. In making this assessment, the Company
considers:
• contingent events that would change the amount or
timing of cash flows;
• t erms that may adjust the contractual coupon rate,
including variable interest rate features;
• prepayment and extension features; and
• t erms that limit the Company's claim to cash flows
from specified assets.
Financial liabilities
Financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost using
the effective interest method. Interest expense and foreign
exchange gains and losses are recognised in the Statement
of Profit and Loss. Any gain or loss on derecognition is also
recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Impairment
The Company assesses at each date of Balance Sheet
whether a financial asset or a Company of financial assets
is impaired. The Company recognises loss allowances
using the expected credit loss ('ECL') model for the
financial assets which are not classified as FVTPL or Equity
investments at FVOCI. Expected credit losses are measured
at an amount equal to the 1 2-month ECL, unless there has
been a significant increase in credit risk or the assets have
become credit impaired from initial recognition in which
case, those are measured at lifetime ECL. The amount of
expected credit losses (or reversal) that is required to adjust
the loss allowance at the reporting date is recognised as
an impairment gain or loss in the Statement of Profit and
Loss.
The Company considers a financial asset to be in default
when:
• t he borrower is unlikely to pay its credit obligations
to the Company on full, without recourse by the
Company to actions such as realising security (if any
is held); or
• the financial asset is 2 years or more past due.
De-recognition
The Company derecognises a financial asset when the
contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset
expire, or it transfers the rights to receive the contractual
cash flows in a transaction in which substantially all of
the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset
are transferred or in which the Company neither transfers
nor retains substantially all of the risks and rewards of
ownership and does not retain control of the financial
asset. If the Company enters into transactions whereby
it transfers assets recognised on its Balance Sheet, but
retains either all or substantially all of the risks and rewards
of the transferred assets, the transferred assets are not
derecognised.
On De-recognition, for financial assets measured at
amortised cost, any gain or loss is recognised in the
Statement of Profit and Loss.
The Company derecognises a financial liability when its
contractual obligations are discharged or cancelled or
expire.
Off-setting financial instruments
Financial assets and liabilities are offset, and the net
amount is presented in the Balance Sheet where there is a
legally enforceable right to offset the recognised amounts
and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realise
the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
2.5 Leases
At inception of a contract, the Company assesses whether a
contract is, or contains, a lease. A contract is, or contains,
a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use
of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for
consideration.
As a lessee
At commencement or on modification of a contract that
contains a lease component, the Company allocates the
consideration in the contract to each lease component on
the basis of its relative stand-alone prices. However, for
the leases of property the Company has elected not to
separate non-lease components and account for the lease
and non-lease components as a single lease component.
The Company recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease
liability at the lease commencement date. The right-of-
use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises
the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any
lease payments made at or before the commencement
date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate
of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or
to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is
located, less any lease incentives received.
The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using
the straight-line method from the commencement date to
the earlier of the end of the useful life of the right-of-use
asset or the end of the lease term, unless the lease transfers
ownership of the underlying asset to the Company by the
end of the lease term or the cost of the right-of-use asset
reflects that the Company will exercise a purchase option.
In that case the right-of-use asset will be depreciated over
the useful life of the underlying asset, which is determined
on the same basis as those of property and equipment.
In addition, the right-of-use asset is periodically reduced
by impairment losses, if any, and adjusted for certain
remeasurements of the lease liability.
The lease liability is initially measured at the present
value of the lease payments that are not paid at the
commencement date, discounted using the interest rate
implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily
determined, the Company's incremental borrowing rate.
Generally, the Company uses its incremental borrowing
rate as discount rate.
The Company determines its incremental borrowing rate
by obtaining interest rates from various external financing
sources and makes certain adjustments to reflect the terms
of the lease and type of the asset leased.
Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease
liability comprise of fixed payments, including in-substance
fixed payments.
The lease liability is measured at amortised cost using the
effective interest method. It is remeasured when there is a
change in future lease payments arising from a change in
an index or rate, if the Company changes its assessment
of whether it will exercise a purchase, extension or
termination option or if there is a revised in-substance
fixed lease payment.
When the lease liability is remeasured in this way, a
corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount
of the right-of-use asset, or is recorded in profit or loss
if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset has been
reduced to zero.
The Company presents right-of-use assets separately in
the balance sheet within 'Non-Financial Assets' and lease
liabilities separately in the balance sheet within 'Financial
Liabilities'.
As Lessor
At inception or on modification of a contract that
contains a lease component, the Company allocates the
consideration in the contract to each lease component on
the basis of their relative stand-alone prices.
When the Company acts as a lessor, it determines at lease
inception whether each lease is a finance lease or an
operating lease.
To classify each lease, the Company makes an overall
assessment of whether the lease transfers substantially
all of the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of
the underlying asset. If this is the case, then the lease is
a finance lease; if not, then it is an operating lease. As
part of this assessment, the Company considers certain
indicators such as whether the lease is for the major part
of the economic life of the asset.
When the Company is an intermediate lessor, it accounts
for its interests in the head lease and the sub-lease
separately. It assesses the lease classification of a sub¬
lease with reference to the right-of-use asset arising from
the head lease, not with reference to the underlying asset.
If a head lease is a short-term lease to which the Company
applies the exemption described above, then it classifies
the sub-lease as an operating lease.
I f an arrangement contains lease and non-lease
components, then the Company applies Ind AS 115 to
allocate the consideration in the contract.
The Company applies the derecognition and impairment
requirements in Ind AS 109 to the net investment in the
lease (see Note 2.4).
The Company recognises lease payments received under
operating leases as income on a straight-line basis over
the lease term as part of 'Revenue from operation'.
Short-term leases and leases of low-value
assets
The Company has elected not to apply the requirements
of Ind AS 116 Leases to short-term leases of certain assets
that have a lease term of 12 months or less and leases
for which the underlying asset is of low value. The lease
payments associated with these leases are recognised as
an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
2.6 Revenue recognition
The Company recognises revenue from contracts with
customers based on a five-step model as set out in Ind
AS 11 5- Revenue from Contracts with Customers, to
determine when to recognise revenue and at what amount.
Revenue is measured based on the transaction price (net
of variable consideration) specified in the contract with
a customer and excludes amounts collected on behalf
of third parties. Revenue from contracts with customers
is recognised when services are provided, and it can be
reliably measured and it is probable that future economic
benefits will flow to the Company.
Recognition of dividend income, interest income
or expense, gains or losses from financial
instruments
Dividend income is recognised in the Statement of Profit
and Loss on the date on which the Company's right to
receive dividend is established, and it is probable that
the economic benefits associated with the dividend will
flow to the Company and the amount of dividend can be
reliably measured. This is generally when the Shareholders
approve the dividend.
Interest income or expense is recognised using the effective
interest method.
The 'effective interest rate' is the rate that exactly discounts
estimated future cash payments or receipts through the
expected life of the financial instrument to:
• The gross carrying amount of the financial asset; or
• The amortised cost of the financial liability.
Recognition of rental income
The Company recognises lease payments received under
operating leases and sub-leases as income on a straight¬
line basis over the lease term as part of 'Revenue from
operation'.
2.7 (a) Property, plant and equipment
The cost of an item of Property, plant and equipment
('PPE') is recognised as an asset if, and only if it is
probable that future economic benefits associated
with the item will flow to the Company and the cost
of the item can be measured reliably.
Items of PPE (including capital-work-in progress)
are measured at cost, which includes capitalised
borrowing costs, less accumulated depreciation and
any accumulated impairment losses. Cost of an item
of PPE comprises its purchase price (after deducting
trade discounts and rebates) including import duties
and non-refundable taxes, any directly attributable
cost of bringing the item to its working condition for its
intended use and estimated costs of dismantling and
removing the item and restoring the site on which it is
located.
Subsequent expenditure related to an item of PPE
is capitalised only if it is probable that the future
economic benefits associated from the expenditure
will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can
be measured reliably.
The present value of the expected cost for the
decommissioning of an asset after its use is included
in the cost of the respective asset if the recognition
criteria for a provision are met.
The cost and related accumulated depreciation are
eliminated from the financial statements upon sale or
retirement of the asset and the resultant gains or losses
are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Assets to be disposed off are reported at the lower of
the carrying value or the fair value less cost to sell.
PPE which are not ready for intended use as on the
date of Balance Sheet are disclosed as 'Capital
work in progress or Capital advance'. Capital
work in progress is stated at cost. Depreciation
is not recorded on capital work-in-progress until
construction and installation are complete and the
asset is ready for its intended use.
The cost of PPE at 1st April 2017, the Company's
date of transition to Ind AS, was determined with
reference to its carrying value is recognised as per
the previous GAAP (deemed cost), as at the date of
transition to Ind AS.
Depreciation is calculated on the cost of PPE less
their estimated residual values using straight-line
basis over their estimated useful life as under -
*In order to the determine the useful life of building,
the Company has considered the total useful life
as prescribed in the Act and has also taken into
consideration, the period of the underlying assets
which has been used by the previous owner.
** The Company, based on technical assessment and
with best management estimate, depreciates vehicle
over estimated useful life which are different from
the useful life prescribed in Schedule II to the Act.
Management believes that these estimated useful
lives are realistic and reflect fair approximation of
the period over which the assets are likely to be used.
Depreciation method, useful lives and residual values
are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted
if necessary.
(b) Intangible assets
I ntangible assets acquired separately are measured
on initial recognition at cost and recognised if it is
probable that the expected future economic benefits
that are attributable to the asset will flow to the entity
and the cost of the asset can be measured reliably.
Such cost includes purchase price, borrowing cost,
and cost directly attributable to bringing the asset
to its working condition for the intended use. Such
intangible assets are subsequently measured at
cost less any accumulated amortisation and any
accumulated impairment losses.
Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only when it
increases the future economic benefits embodied
in the specific asset to which it relates. All other
expenditure is recognised in the Statement of Profit
and Loss as incurred.
Amortisation is calculated to write off the cost of
intangible assets less their estimated residual values
over their estimated useful lives using the straight¬
line method, and is included in depreciation and
amortisation in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Software is amortised over a period of 3 years on
a straight line method ('SLM') on pro-rata basis.
Amortisation method, useful lives and residual values
are reviewed at the end of each financial year and
adjusted, if required.
I ntangible assets are derecognised on disposal or
when no future economic benefits are expected to
arise from its continuous use, and the resultant gains
or losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit
and Loss.
I ntangible assets not ready for the intended use
on the date of the Balance Sheet are disclosed as
'intangible assets under development'.
(c) Investment properties
I nvestment property is property held either to earn
rental income or for capital appreciation or for both,
but not for sale in the ordinary course of business,
use in the supply of services or for administrative
purposes. Investment properties are measured initially
at cost, including transaction costs. Subsequent to
initial recognition, investment properties are stated
at cost less accumulated depreciation and any
accumulated impairment loss.
Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only if it is
probable that the future economic benefits associated
with the expenditure will flow to the Company and
the cost of the item can be measured reliably.
Depreciation is calculated on the cost of investment
property less its estimated residual values using
straight-line basis over its estimated useful life as
under -
* In order to determine the useful life of investment
property, the Company has considered the total
useful life as prescribed in the Act and has also taken
into consideration, the period of the underlying
assets which has been used by the previous owner.
Depreciation method, useful lives and residual values
are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted
if necessary.
Though the Company measures investment property
using cost-based measurement, the fair value of
investment property is disclosed in the notes.
I nvestment properties are derecognised either
when they have been disposed off or when they
are permanently withdrawn from use and no future
economic benefit is expected from their disposal.
The resultant gains / losses are recognised in the
Statement of Profit and Loss in the period of de¬
recognition.
2.8 Impairment of non-financial assets
The Company's non-financial assets, other than deferred
tax assets, are reviewed at each reporting date to determine
whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such
indication exists, then the asset's recoverable amount is
estimated.
The recoverable amount of an asset is the higher of its
value in use and its fair value less its cost of disposal.
Value in use is based on the estimated future cash flows,
discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount
rate that reflects current market assessments of the time
value of money and the risks specific to it. An impairment
loss is recognised if the carrying amount of an asset
exceeds its estimated recoverable amount. Impairment
losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
An impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change
in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount.
Such a reversal is made only to the extent that the asset's
carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount
that would have been determined, net of depreciation or
amortisation, if no impairment loss had been recognised.
Reversal of impairment loss is recognised immediately as
income in the Statement Profit and Loss.
2.9 Transactions in foreign currency
Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into the
functional currencies of the Company at the exchange
rates at the dates of the transactions or an average rate if
the average rate approximates the actual rate at the date
of the transaction.
Foreign currency denominated monetary assets and
liabilities are retranslated into the functional currency at
the exchange rate prevailing on the balance sheet date
and exchange gains and losses arising on settlement
and restatement are recognised in the Statement of Profit
and Loss. Non-monetary assets and liabilities that are
measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated
into the functional currency at the exchange rate when
the fair value was determined. Non-monetary assets and
liabilities that are measured based on historical cost in
a foreign currency are translated at the exchange rate
at the date of the transaction. Exchange differences are
recognised in profit or loss.
2.10 Employee benefits
Short term employee benefits
Short term employee benefits are measured on an
undiscounted basis and are expensed as the related
service is provided. A liability is recognised for the amount
expected to be paid, if the Company has a present legal
or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of
past service provided by the employee, and the amount of
obligation can be estimated reliably.
Share-based payment transactions
The Employee Stock Option Scheme provides for the grant
of options to acquire equity shares of the Company to
its eligible employees and are measured at fair value of
the equity instruments at the grant date. The period of
vesting and period of exercise are as specified within the
respective schemes.
The fair value at the grant date of the equity settled
share based payment options granted to the employees
is recognised as an employee benefit expenses with a
corresponding increase in equity, over the period that the
employees unconditionally become entitled to the options.
At the end of each reporting period, the Company revives
its estimate of the number of equity instruments expected
to vest. The impact of the revision of original estimates, if
any, is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss such
that the cumulative expenses reflect the revised estimate,
with a corresponding adjustment to share based options
outstanding account. The dilutive effect of outstanding
options is reflected as additional share dilution in the
computation of diluted earnings per share. Also, the
employee stock option granted to the eligible employees
of the subsidiary companies are accounted in accordance
with the guidelines of Ind AS 1 02 - Share based payments.
Defined contribution plans
A defined contribution plan is a post-employment benefit
plan under which the Company pays fixed contributions.
In case of the Company, provident fund for eligible
employees is managed by the Company through 'UTI
AMC Employees Provident Fund' trust which is covered
under 'The Provident Funds Act, 1925'. Obligations for
contributions to defined contribution plans are recognised
as an employee benefit expense in the Statement of Profit
and Loss in the periods during which the related services
are rendered by employees.
National Pension System ('NPS')
NPS is a defined contribution plan. In case employee opts
for NPS, the Company contributes a sum not exceeding
10% of basic salary plus additional pay, if any, of the
eligible employees' to the NPS. The Company recognises
such contribution as an expense as and when incurred.
Defined benefit plans
A defined benefit plan is a post-employment benefit plan
other than a defined contribution plan. The Company's
net obligation in respect of the defined benefit plan is
calculated by estimating the amount of future benefit that
employees have earned in the current and prior periods,
discounting that amount and deducting the fair value of
any plan assets.
The calculation of the defined benefit obligation is
performed periodically by a qualified actuary using the
projected unit credit method. When the calculation results
in a potential asset for the Company, the recognised
asset is limited to the present value of economic benefits
available in the form of any future refunds from the plan
or reductions in future contributions to the plan ('the asset
ceiling'). To calculate the present value of economic
benefits, consideration is given to any minimum funding
requirements.
Remeasurement of the net defined benefit liability, which
comprise actuarial gains and losses, the return on plan
assets (excluding interest) and the effect of the asset ceiling
(if any, excluding interest), are recognised in OCI. The
Company determines the net interest expense/ income
on the net defined benefit liability/ asset for the period by
applying the discount rate used to measure the defined
benefit obligation at the beginning of the annual period
to the then-net defined benefit liability/asset, taking into
account any changes in the net defined benefit liability/
asset during the period as a result of contributions and
benefit payments. Net interest expense and other expenses
related to defined benefit plans are recognised in the
Statement of Profit and Loss.
When the benefits of a plan are changed or when a plan
is curtailed, the resulting change in benefit that relates to
past service ('past service cost' or 'past service gain') or the
gain or loss on curtailment is recognised immediately in
the Statement of Profit and Loss. The Company recognises
gains and losses on the settlement of a defined benefit
plan when the settlement occurs.
Other long term employee benefits
Other long term employee benefits include accumulated
compensated absences that are entitled to be carried
forward for future availment subject to the Company's
policies. The Company's net obligation in respect of
long-term employee benefits other than postemployment
benefits, which do not fall due wholly within 12 months
after the end of the period in which the employees render
the related services, is the amount of future benefit that
employees have earned in return for their service in the
current and prior periods; that benefit is discounted to
determine its present value, and the fair value of any
related assets is deducted. The obligation is measured
on the basis of an independent actuarial valuation using
the projected unit credit method. Remeasurements gains
or losses are recognised as profit or loss in the period in
which they arise.
2.11 New Fund Offer ('NFO') expenses of mutual
fund
NFO expenses on the launch of new schemes are borne
by the Company and recognised in the Statement of Profit
and Loss as and when incurred.
2.12 Income Tax
I ncome tax comprises of current and deferred tax. Tax is
recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss, except to the
extent that it relates to items recognised in the OCI or in
equity, in which case, the tax is also recognised in OCI or
in equity.
Current tax
Current tax comprises the expected tax payable or
receivable on the taxable income or loss for the year and
any adjustment to the tax payable or receivable in respect
of previous years. The amount of current tax reflects the
best estimate of the tax amount expected to be paid or
received, after considering the uncertainty if any, related
to income taxes. It is measured using tax rates enacted or
substantively enacted by the reporting date.
Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset
only if there is a legally enforceable right to set-off the
recognised amounts, and it is intended to realise the asset
and settle the liability on a net basis or simultaneously.
Deferred tax
Deferred tax is recognised in respect of temporary
differences between the carrying amounts of assets
and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the
corresponding amounts used for taxation purposes.
The deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that
it is probable that sufficient future taxable profits will be
available against which they will be used. Deferred tax
assets - unrecognised or recognised, are reviewed at each
reporting date and are recognised / reduced to the extent
that it is probable/no longer probable respectively that the
related tax benefit will be realised.
Deferred tax is measured at the tax rates that are expected
to apply to the period when the asset is realised or the
liability is settled, based on the laws that have been
enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date. The
measurement of deferred tax reflects the tax consequences
that would follow from the manner in which the Company
expects, at the reporting date, to recover or settle the
carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.
Deferred tax relating to items recognised outside profit
or loss is recognised either in OCI or in equity. Deferred
tax items are recognised in correlation to the underlying
transaction either in OCI or directly in equity.
Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset
if there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax
liabilities and assets, and they relate to income taxes levied
by the same tax authority.
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