1. COMPANY OVERVIEW
Wardwizard Innovations & Mobility Limited is Public Limited Company incorporated in India, having its registered office at Mumbai and is listed at Bombay Stock Exchange Limited (BSE). The Company is engaged in the manufacturing and selling of Electrical Vehicles, Spare parts and other related services. Further the company is also engaged in Trading of Home appliances, White Goods and Digital business process support services for part of the year.
2. BASIS OF PREPARATION AND PRESENTATION2.1 Statement of Compliance
The standalone financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) as per the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules,2015 notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013, (the 'Act') as amended from time to time.
2.2 Basis of measurement
The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for certain financial instruments, net defined benefit asset/liability and liabilities for equity settled share based payment arrangements that are measured at fair values at the end of each reporting period, as explained in the accounting policies below. These financial statements are presented in Indian Rupee (INR), which is also the Company's functional currency.
2.3 Operating Cycle-Current versus non-current classification
Based on the nature of products/activities of the Company and the normal time between acquisition of assets and their realisation in cash or cash equivalents, the Company has determined its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of classification of its assets.
Assets:
An asset is classified as current when it satisfies any of the following criteria:
a) It is expected to be realized in or is intended for sale or consumption in, the company's normal operating cycle.
b) it is held primarily for the purpose of being traded;
c) it is expected to be realized within twelve months
after the reporting date; or
d) it is cash or cash equivalent unless it is restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting date.
Liabilities:
A liability is classified as current when it satisfies any of the following criteria:
a) it is expected to be settled in the company's normal operating cycle;
b) it is held primarily for the purpose of being traded;
c) it is due to be settled within twelve months after the
reporting date; or
d) The company does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting date. Terms of a liability that could, at the option of the counterparty, result in its settlement by the issue of equity instruments do not affect its classification.
e) Current assets/ liabilities include the current portion of non-current assets/ liabilities respectively. All other assets/ liabilities are classified as non-current
2.4 Critical accounting judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty
In applying the company's accounting policies, described in note 3, the management of the company are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods. The following are the areas of estimation uncertainty and critical judgements that the management has made in the process of applying the company's accounting policies and that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in the financial statements:
Provision and contingent liability
On an ongoing basis, company reviews pending cases, claims by third parties and other contingencies. An estimated loss is recorded as an accrual in financial statements for contingent losses that are considered probable. Loss Contingencies that are considered possible are not provided for but disclosed as Contingent liabilities in the financial statements. Contingencies the likelihood of which is remote are not disclosed in the financial statements. Gain contingencies are not recognized until the contingency has been resolved and amounts are received or receivable.
Useful lives of depreciable assets
Management reviews the useful lives of depreciable assets at each reporting. As at March 31, 2023 management assessed that the useful lives represent the expected utility of the assets to the company. Further, there is no significant change in the useful lives as compared to previous year.
Recoverability of intangible asset
Capitalisation of cost in intangible assets under development is based on management's judgement that technological and economic feasibility is confirmed and asset under development will generate economic benefits in future. Based on evaluations carried out, the Company's management has determined that there are no factors which indicates that these assets have suffered any impairment loss.
The cost of the defined benefit plan and other postemployment benefits and the present value of such obligation are determined using actuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases, mortality rates and future pension increases. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.
2.5 Measurement of fair values
A number of the company's accounting policies and disclosures require the measurement of fair values, for both financial and non-financial assets and liabilities.
Fair values are categorised into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows:
- Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
- Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices).
- Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).
When measuring the fair value of an asset or a liability, the company uses observable market data as far as possible. If the inputs used to measure the fair value of an asset or a liability fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy, then the fair value measurement is categorised in its entirety in the same level of the fair value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the entire measurement. The company recognises transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy at the end of the reporting period during which the change has occurred.
3. MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES3.1 Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognised upon transfer of control of promised products or services to customers for an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those products or services. Revenue excludes taxes or duties collected on behalf of the government.
Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when control of goods are transferred to the buyer which is generally on dispatch for domestic sales and on dispatch/delivery on local port in India for export sales
Revenue is measured based on the transaction price, which is the consideration, adjusted for volume discounts, performance bonuses, price concessions and incentives, if any, as specified in the contract with the customer. Revenue also excludes taxes collected from customers.
A liability is recognised where payments are received from customers before transferring control of the goods being sold or providing services to the customer.
Service income, is recognized as and when the underlying services are performed. Upfront non-refundable payments received under these arrangements continue to be deferred and are recognized over the expected period that related services are to be performed.
Dividend income is recorded when the right to receive payment is established.
Interest income is accrued on, time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable. Royalty income is recognised on accrual basis in accordance with the substance of their relevant agreements.
3.2 Lease:
A contract is or contains a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.
Company as a Lessee
The Company accounts for each lease component within the contract as a lease separately from nonlease components of the contract and allocates the consideration in the contract to each lease component on the basis of the relative stand-alone price of the lease component and the aggregate stand-alone price of the non-lease components.
The Company recognises right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term at the lease commencement date. The cost of the right of-use asset measured at inception shall comprise of the amount of the initial measurement of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date less any lease incentives received, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to be incurred by the lessee in dismantling and removing the underlying asset or restoring the underlying asset or site on which it is located. The right-of-use assets is subsequently measured at cost less any accumulated depreciation, accumulated impairment losses, if any and adjusted for any remeasurement of the lease liability. The right-of-use assets is depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date over the shorter of lease term or useful life of right-of-use asset. The estimated useful lives of right-of-use assets are determined on the same basis as those of property, plant and equipment. Right of-use assets are tested for impairment whenever there is any indication that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Impairment loss, if any, is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
The Company measures the lease liability at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date of the lease. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease if that rate can be readily determined. If that rate cannot be readily determined, the Company uses incremental borrowing rate. For leases with reasonably similar characteristics, the Company, on a lease by lease basis,
may adopt either the incremental borrowing rate specific to the lease or the incremental borrowing rate for the portfolio as a whole. The lease payments shall include fixed payments, variable lease payments, residual value guarantees, exercise price of a purchase option where the Company s reasonably certain to exercise that option and payments of penalties for terminating the lease, if the lease term reflects the lessee exercising an option to terminate the lease. The lease liability is subsequently remeasured by increasing the carrying amount to reflect interest on the lease liability, reducing the carrying amount to reflect the lease payments made and remeasuring the carrying amount to reflect any reassessment or lease modifications or to reflect revised in-substance fixed lease payments. The Company recognises the amount of the re-measurement of lease liability due to modification as an adjustment to the right-of-use asset and statement of profit and loss depending upon the nature of modification. Where the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset is reduced to zero and there is a further reduction in the measurement of the lease liability, the Company recognises any remaining amount of the re-measurement in statement of profit and loss.
The Company has elected not to apply the requirements of Ind AS 116 Leases to short term leases of all assets that have a lease term of 12 months or less and leases for which the underlying asset is of low value. The lease payments associated with these leases are recognised as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
3.3 Foreign currencies
In preparing the financial statements of the Company, transactions in currencies other than the Company's functional currency (foreign currencies) are recognised at the rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions. At the end of each reporting period, monetary items denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at that date. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated. Exchange differences on monetary items are recognised in the Statement of profit and loss in the period in which they arise.
3.4 Borrowing Cost
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets, until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale.
All other borrowing costs are recognised in the Statement of profit and loss in the period in which they are incurred.
3.5 Government grants
Government grants are not recognised until there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attaching to them and that the grants will be received. Government grants are recognised in the Statement of profit and loss on a systematic basis over the periods in which the Company recognises as expenses the related costs, if any, for which the grants are intended to compensate.
Defined contribution plans
A defined contribution plan is a post-employment benefit plan under which the Company pays fixed contributions into a separate entity and will have no legal or constructive obligation to pay further amounts. Payments to defined contribution plans are recognised as an expense when employees have rendered service entitling them to the contributions.
Defined benefit plans
For defined benefit plans, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the projected unit credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at the end of each annual reporting period. Re-measurement, comprising actuarial gains and losses and the return on plan assets (excluding net interest), is reflected immediately in the balance sheet with a charge or credit recognised in other comprehensive income in the period in which they occur. Re-measurement recognised in other comprehensive income is reflected immediately in retained earnings and is not reclassified to the Statement of profit and loss. Net interest is calculated by applying the discount rate at the beginning of the period to the net defined benefit liability or asset. Defined benefit costs are categorised as follows:
• Service cost (including current service cost, past service cost, as well as gains and losses or curtailments and settlements);
• Net interest expense or income; and
• Re-measurement.
The Company presents the first two components of defined benefit costs in the Statement of profit and loss in the line item Employee benefit expense. The retirement benefit obligation recognised in the balance sheet represents the actual deficit or surplus in the Company's defined benefit plans. Any surplus resulting from this calculation is limited to the present value of any economic benefits available in the form of refunds from the plan or reductions in future contributions to the plans.
Short-term employee benefits
Liabilities recognised in respect of wages and salaries and other short-term employee benefits are measured at the undiscounted amount of the benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the related service and are expensed as the related services are provided.
Other long-term employee benefits
Liabilities recognised in respect of other long-term employee benefits such as long-term service awards and compensated absences are measured at the present value of the estimated future cash outflows expected to be made by the Company in respect of services provided by employees up to the reporting date based on the actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method carried out at the year-end. Re measurement gain or losses are recognised in the statement of profit and loss in the period in which they arise.
3.7 Taxation
Income tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.
Current tax
The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from profit before tax as reported in the statement of profit and loss because of items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and items that are never taxable or deductible. The Company's current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted by the end of the Reporting period.
Deferred tax
Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are generally recognised for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilised. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered. Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realised, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.
The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax liabilities and assets and they are related to income taxes levied by the same tax authority.
Current and deferred tax are recognised in the Statement of profit and loss, except when they relate to items that are recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively.
3.8 Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment (including furniture, fixtures, vehicles, etc.) held for use in the production or supply of goods or services, or for administrative purposes, are stated in the balance sheet at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Cost of acquisition is inclusive of freight, duties, taxes and other incidental expenses. Freehold land is not depreciated.
Property, plant and equipment in the course of construction for production, supply or administrative purposes are carried at cost, less any recognised impairment loss. Cost
includes items directly attributable to the construction or acquisition of the item of property, plant and equipment and capitalised borrowing cost. Such properties are classified to the appropriate categories of property, plant and equipment when completed and ready for intended use. When amounts are withheld for more than 1 year due to protection and safety of the company's interest, such delayed/deferred payment is not discounted, since the intention is protection of the assets and no interest component is intended.
Subsequent costs are included in the assets carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and that the cost of the item can be reliably measured. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognised when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to statement of profit and loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.
Depreciation of these assets, on the same basis as-other property assets, commences when the assets are ready for their intended use.
Depreciation is recognised on the cost of assets (other than freehold land and properties under construction) less their residual values over their useful lives, using the written down value. The estimated useful lives, residual values and depreciation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate accounted for on a prospective basis.
Depreciation is charged on a pro-rata basis at the WDV as per the useful lives prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013, other than moulds and dies which are depreciated over a period of 3-8 years grouped under property, plant and equipment.
An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from the continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and equipment is determined as the difference between the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in the Statement of Profit and loss.
Expenditure during construction period
Expenditure during construction period (including financing cost related to borrowed funds for construction or acquisition of qualifying PPE) is included under Capital Work-in-Progress, and the same is allocated to the respective PPE on the completion of their construction. Advances given towards the acquisition or construction of PPE outstanding at each reporting date are disclosed as Capital Advances under "Other non-current Assets".
3.9 Intangible assets
Intangible assets acquired separately Intangible assets with finite useful lives that are acquired separately are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. Amortisation is recognised on a written down value over their estimated 8 to 12 years of useful lives. The estimated useful life and amortisation method
are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate being accounted for on a prospective basis. Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives that are acquired separately are carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses. Internally-generated intangible assets - research and development expenditure. Expenditure on research activities is recognised as an expense in the period in which it is incurred.
An internally-generated intangible asset arising from development (or from the development phase of an internal project) is recognised if, and only if, all of the following have been demonstrated:
• The technical feasibility of completing the intangible asset so that it will be available for use or sale
• The intention to complete the intangible asset and use or sell it;
• The ability to use or sell the intangible asset;
• How the intangible asset will generate probable future economic benefits;
• The availability of adequate technical, financial and other resources to complete the development and to use or sell the intangible asset; and
• The ability to measure reliably the expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during its development.
The amount initially recognised for internally-generated intangible assets is the sum of the expenditure incurred from the date when the intangible asset first meets the recognition criteria listed above. Where no internally-generated intangible asset can be recognised, development expenditure is recognised in the Statement of profit and loss in the period in which it is incurred.
Subsequent to initial recognition, internally-generated intangible assets are reported at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, on the same basis as intangible assets that are acquired separately.
An intangible asset is derecognised on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from use or disposal. Gains or losses arising from de-recognition of an intangible asset, measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset, and are recognised in the Statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognised.
Useful lives of intangible assets
Intangible assets, comprising of software, expenditure on model fee, etc. incurred are amortised on a WDV method over a period as stated below:
|
Software 10 years
Trademark 5 years
3.10 Impairment of tangible and intangible assets
At the end of each reporting period, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible and intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such
indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any). Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and value in use.
Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives and intangible assets not yet available for use are tested for impairment at least annually, and whenever there is an indication that the asset may be impaired. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.
For impairment testing, assets that don't generate independent cash flows are grouped together into cash generating units (CGU's). Each CGU represents the smallest group of assets that generate cash inflows that are largely independent of the cash inflows of other assets or CGU's.
When it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the cash- generating unit to which the asset belongs. When a reasonable and consistent basis of allocation can be identified, corporate assets are also allocated to individual cash-generating units, or otherwise they are allocated to the smallest group of cashgenerating units for which a reasonable and consistent allocation basis can be identified.
If the recoverable amount of an asset (or cash-generating unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised immediately in the Statement of profit and loss. When an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (or a cash-generating unit) is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset (or cash-generating unit) in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised immediately in the Statement of profit and loss.
3.11 Inventories
Raw Materials, Stores & Spare Parts and Packing Materials:
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost of inventories includes expenditure incurred in acquiring the inventories, production or conversion costs and other costs incurred in bringing them to their present location and condition. Costs of inventories are determined on a moving weighted average. Finished goods and work-in-progress include appropriate proportion of overheads. Net realisable value represents the estimated selling price for inventories less all estimated costs of completion and costs necessary to make the sale.
Work-in-progress (WIP), finished goods, and stock-in-trade:
Valued at lower cost and NRV Cost of Finished goods and WIP includes cost of raw materials, cost of conversion, and
other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.
3.12 Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents in the Balance Sheet comprise cash at the bank and in hand and short-term deposits with banks that are readily convertible into cash which is subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value and is held for the purpose of meeting short-term cash commitments.
3.13 Provisions
Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that the Company will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of the time value of money is material).
Warranties
The estimated liability for product warranties is recorded when products are sold. These estimates are established using management estimates, in absence of adequate past information, regarding possible future instances based on corrective actions likely to be undertaken product faults/ failures. The timing of outflows will vary as and when warranty claim will arise, being typically around one year, hence its discounting is not proposed.
3.14 Financial Instrument
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when the Group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments.
Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through the statement of profit and loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through the statement of profit and loss are recognised immediately in the statement of profit and loss.
3.15 Financial Asset:
All recognised financial assets are subsequently measured in their entirety at either amortised cost or fair value, depending on the classification of the financial assets.
Classification of financial assets
Debt instruments that meet the following conditions are subsequently measured at amortised cost (except for debt instruments that are designated as at fair value through the statement of profit and loss on initial recognition):
• the asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets in order to collect contractual cash flows; and
• The contractual terms of the instrument give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
Debt instruments that meet the following conditions are subsequently measured at fair value through other comprehensive income ("FVTOCI") (except for debt instruments that are designated as at fair value through the statement of profit and loss on initial recognition):
• the asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved both by collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets; and
• The contractual terms of the instrument give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
Interest income is recognised in the Statement of profit and loss for FVTOCI debt instruments.
All other financial assets are subsequently measured at fair value.
> Effective interest method
The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a debt instrument and of allocating interest income over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts (including all fees and points paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the debt instrument, or, where appropriate, a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition.
Income is recognised on an effective interest basis for debt instruments other than those financial assets classified as at FVTPL. Interest income is recognised in The Statement of profit and loss and is included in the "Other income" line item.
> Financial assets at fair value through the Statement of profit and loss (FVTPL)
Investments in equity instruments are classified as at FVTPL, unless the Company irrevocably elects on initial recognition to present subsequent changes in fair value in other comprehensive income for investments in equity instruments which are not held for trading. Debt instruments that do not meet the amortised cost criteria or FVTOCI criteria are measured at FVTPL. In addition, debt instruments that meet the amortised cost criteria or the FVTOCI criteria but are designated as at FVTPL are measured at FVTPL.
A financial asset that meets the amortised cost criteria or debt instruments that meet the FVTOCI criteria may be designated as at FVTPL upon initial recognition if such designation eliminates or
significantly reduces a measurement or recognition inconsistency that would arise from measuring assets or liabilities or recognising the gains and losses on them on different bases. The Company has not designated any debt instrument as at FVTPL.
Financial assets at FVTPL are measured at fair value at the end of each reporting period, with any gains or losses arising on re-measurement recognised in the Statement of profit and loss. The net gain or loss recognised in the Statement of profit and loss incorporates any dividend or interest earned on the financial asset and is included in the 'Other income' line item. Dividend on financial assets at FVTPL is recognised when the Company's right to receive the dividends is established, it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the dividend will flow to the entity, the dividend does not represent a recovery of part of cost of the investment and the amount of dividend can be measured reliably.
> Investments in subsidiaries
Investment in subsidiaries and associates are carried at cost in the financial statements. Where an indication of impairment exists, the carrying amount of the investment is assessed and written down immediately to its recoverable amount. On disposal of investments in Subsidiaries, the difference between net disposal proceeds and the carrying amounts are recognised in the statement of profit and loss
> Impairment of financial assets
The Company applies the expected credit loss model for recognising impairment loss on financial assets measured at amortised cost, debt instruments at FVTOCI, Trade receivables, and other contractual rights to receive cash or other financial asset, and financial guarantees not designated as at FVTPL.
> Offsetting
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount presented in the balance sheet when, and only when, the Company currently has a legally enforceable right to set off the amounts and it intents either to settle them on net basis or to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.
> Derecognition of financial assets
The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or when it transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another party.
> Write-off
The gross carrying amount of a financial asset is written off (either partially or in full) to the extent that there is no realistic prospect of recovery. This is generally the case when the company determines that the trade receivable does not have assets or sources of income that could generate sufficient cash flows to repay the amounts subject to the write- off. However, financial assets that are written off could
still be subject to enforcement activities in order to comply with the company's procedures for recovery of amounts due.
3.16 Financial liabilities and equity instrument
> Classification as debt or equity
Debt and equity instruments issued by Company are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument.
> Equity instruments
An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities.
> Financial liabilities
Financial liabilities that are not held-for-trading and are not designated as at FVTPL are measured at amortised cost at the end of subsequent accounting periods. The carrying amounts of financial liabilities that are subsequently measured at amortised cost are determined based on the effective interest method. Interest expense that is not capitalised as part of costs of an asset is included under 'Finance costs'.
The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial liability and of allocating interest expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments (including all fees and points paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the financial liability.
All financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method or at FVTPL.
> Derecognition of financial liabilities
The Company derecognises financial liabilities when, and only when, the Company's obligations are discharged, cancelled or have expired.
3.17 Cash flow statement
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit/(loss) before extraordinary items and tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated based on the available information.
3.18 Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit after tax by the weighted average number of equities shares outstanding during the year/period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit after tax as adjusted for dividend, interest and other charges to expense or income relating to the dilutive potential equity shares, by the weighted average number of equity shares
considered for deriving basic earnings per share and the weighted average number of equity shares which could have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.
3.19 Contingent liabilities and contingent assets
A contingent liability exists when there is a possible but not probable obligation, or a present obligation that may, but probably will not, require an outflow of resources, or a present obligation whose amount cannot be estimated reliably. Contingent liabilities do not warrant provisions, but are disclosed unless the possibility of outflow of resources is remote. Contingent assets are neither recognised nor disclosed in the financial statements. However, contingent assets are assessed continually and if it is virtually certain that an inflow of economic benefits will arise, the asset and related income are recognised in the period in which the change occurs
3.20 Other statutory information:
(I) The Company does not have any Benami property, where any proceeding has been initiated or pending against the Company for holding any Benami property.
(II) The Company does not have any charges or satisfaction which is yet to be registered with ROC beyond the statutory period.
(III) The Company has not traded or invested in Crypto currency or Virtual Currency during the financial year.
(IV) The Company has not advanced or loaned or invested funds to any person(s) or entity (is), including foreign entities (Intermediaries) with the understanding that the Intermediary shall: (a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the company (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or (b) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
(V) The Company has not received any fund from any person(s) or entity (is), including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the Company shall: (a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in
other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or (b) provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
(VI) The Company is in compliance with the number of layers prescribed under clause (87) of section 2 of the Companies Act,2013 read with the Companies (Restriction on number of Layers) Rules, 2017 (as amended).
(VII) The Company does not have any transaction which is not recorded in the books of accounts that has been surrendered or disclosed as income during the year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961 (such as, search or survey or any other relevant provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.
(VIII) The Company is not declared as wilful defaulter by any bank or financial institution (as defined under the Companies Act, 2013) or consortium thereof or other lender in accordance with the guidelines on wilful defaulters issued by the Reserve Bank of India.
(IX) The Company does not have any transactions with companies struck off.
3.21 Recent accounting pronouncements
Ministry of Corporate Affairs ("MCA") notifies new standards or amendments to the existing standards under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. For the year ended March 31, 2024, MCA has not notified any new standards or amendments to the existing standards applicable to the Company.
3.22 Report on Other Legal and Regulatory Requirements
The Company has been maintaining its books of accounts accounting software which has feature of recording audit trail of each and every transaction, creating an edit log of each change made in books of account along with the date when such changes were made and ensuring that the audit trail cannot be disabled, throughout the year as required by proviso to sub rule (1) of rule 3 of The Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 known as the Companies (Accounts) Amendment Rules,2021 .Further,there are no instance of audit trail feature being tampered.
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