6 Provisions and Contingencies
The Company recognizes provisions when a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event exists and it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle such obligation and the amount of such obligation can be reliably estimated.
If the effect of time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognized as a finance cost.
A disclosure of contingent liability is also made when there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably will not, require an outflow of resources. Where there is possible obligation or a present obligation in respect of which the likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.
7 Impairment of Non-Financial Assets (excluding Inventories, Investment Properties and Deferred Tax Assets)
Non-financial assets are subject to impairment tests whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable. Where the carrying value of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount (i.e. the higher of value in use and fair value less costs to sell), the asset is written down accordingly.
Where it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the impairment test is carried out on the smallest group of assets to which it belongs for which there are separately identifiable cash flows; its cash generating units ('CGUs').
A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.
Financial Assets
Initial recognition and measurement
The Company classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories.
• those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through Other Comprehensive Income, or through profit or loss)
• those measured at amortised cost
All financial assets are recognised initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset.
Subsequent measurement
For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified in four categories:
i) Debt instruments at amortised cost
ii) Debt instruments at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)
iii) Debt instruments, derivatives and equity instruments at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)
iv) Equity instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)
Debt instruments at amortised cost
A 'debt instrument' is measured at the amortised cost if both the following conditions are met:
a) The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets for collecting contractual cash flows and
b) Contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate (EIR) method. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included in finance income in the statement of profit or loss. The losses arising from impairment if any, are recognised in the statement of profit or loss.
A 'debt instrument' is classified as at the FVTOCI if both of the following criteria are met:
a) The objective of the business model is achieved both by collecting contractual cash flows and selling the financial assets and
b) The asset's contractual cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest.
Debt instruments included within the FVTOCI category are measured initially as well as at each reporting date at fair value. Fair value movements are recognized in the other comprehensive income (OCI). However, the Company does not have any debt instruments which meets the criteria for measuring the debt instrument at FVTOCI.
Debt instrument at FVTPL
Any debt instrument, which does not meet the criteria for categorization as at amortized cost or as FVTOCI, is classified as at FVTPL.
In addition, the Company may elect to designate a debt instrument, which otherwise meets amortized cost or FVTOCI criteria, at FVTPL. However, such election is allowed only if doing so reduces or eliminates a measurement or recognition inconsistency (referred to as 'Accounting Mismatch'). The Company has not designated any debt instrument at FVTPL.
Debt instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Equity investments
All equity investments, except investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures are measured at FVTPL. The Company may make an irrevocable election on initial recognition to present in Other Comprehensive Income any subsequent changes in the fair value. The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis.
All equity investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures are measured at cost.
Derecognition of Financial Assets
A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a Company of similar financial assets) is primarily derecognised (i.e. removed from the Company's Standalone Balance Sheet) when:
i) The rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired, or
ii) The Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to
a third party under a 'pass-through' arrangement and either (a) the Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) the Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.
When the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from an asset or has entered into a pass-through arrangement, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset, nor transferred control of the asset, the Company continues to recognise the transferred asset to the extent of the Company's continuing involvement. In that case, the Company also recognises an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.
Continuing involvement that takes the form of a guarantee over the transferred asset is measured at the lower of the original carrying amount of the asset and the maximum amount of consideration that the Company could be required to repay.
Impairment of Financial Assets
The Company assess on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses (ECL) associated with its financial assets carried at amortised cost and FVTOCI debts instruments. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been significant increase in credit risk. For trade receivables, the Company is not exposed to any credit risk as the legal title of residential and commercial units is handed over to the buyer only after all the installments are recovered.
For financial assets carried at amortised cost, the carrying amount is reduced and the amount of the loss is recognised in the Standalone statement of profit and loss. Interest income on such financial assets continues to be accrued on the reduced carrying amount and is accrued using the rate of interest used to discount the future cash flows for the purpose of measuring the impairment loss. The interest income is recorded as part of finance income. Financial asset together with the associated allowance are written off when there is no realistic prospect of future recovery and all collateral has been realised or has been transferred to the Company. If, in a subsequent year, the amount of the estimated impairment loss increases or decreases because of an event occurring after the impairment was recognised, the previously recognised impairment loss is increased or decreased.
Financial Liabilities
Initial recognition and measurement
Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at FVTPL, loans and borrowings, or payables, as appropriate.
All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value and in the case of financial liability not recorded at fair value through Profit and Loss net of directly attributable transaction costs.
The Company's financial liabilities include trade and other payables, loans and borrowings including bank overdrafts and financial guarantee contracts.
Subsequent measurement
The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss
Financial liabilities measured at FVTPL include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. Separated embedded derivatives are also classified as held for trading unless they are designated as effective hedging instruments.
Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the profit or loss.
Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated as such at the initial date of recognition and only if the criteria in Ind AS 109 are satisfied. For liabilities designated as FVTPL, fair value gains/ losses attributable to changes in own credit risk are recognized in OCI. These gains/ loss are not subsequently transferred to Statement of Profit and loss. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity. All other changes in fair value of such liability are recognised in the statement of profit or loss. The Company has not designated any financial liability as at fair value through profit and loss.
Loans and borrowings
After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the EIR method. Gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognised as well as through the EIR amortisation process.
Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included as finance costs in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.
Financial guarantee contracts
Financial guarantee contracts issued by the Company are those contracts that require a payment to be made to reimburse the holder for a loss it incurs because the specified debtor fails to make a payment when due in accordance with the terms of a debt instrument. Financial guarantee contracts are recognised initially as a liability at fair value, adjusted for
transaction costs that are directly attributable to the issuance of the guarantee. Subsequently, the liability is measured at the higher of the amount of loss allowance determined as per impairment requirements of Ind AS 109 and the amount recognised less cumulative amortisation.
Derecognition of Financial Liabilities
A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.
Reclassification of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities
The Company determines classification of financial assets and liabilities on initial recognition. After initial recognition, no reclassification is made for financial assets which are equity instruments and financial liabilities. For financial assets which are debt instruments, a reclassification is made only if there is a change in the business model for managing those assets. Changes to the business model are expected to be infrequent. The Company's management determines change in the business model as a result of external or internal changes which are significant to the Company's operations. Such changes are evident to external parties. A change in the business model occurs when the Company either begins or ceases to perform an activity that is significant to its operations. If the Company reclassifies financial assets, it applies the reclassification prospectively from the reclassification date which is the first day of the immediately next reporting period following the change in business model. The Company does not restate any previously recognised gains, losses (including impairment gains or losses) or interest.
Offsetting of Financial Instruments
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the Standalone Ind AS Balance Sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.
9 Fair Value Measurement
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:
i) In the principal market for the asset or liability, or-
ii) In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability
The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company.
The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.
A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant's ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.
The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs.
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:
i) Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
ii) Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable
iii) Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable
For assets and liabilities that are recognised in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorisation (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.
10 Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalent in the Standalone Balance Sheet comprise cash at banks and on hand and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less, which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
11 Revenue Recognition
The Company has applied five step model as set out in Ind AS 115 to recognise revenue in this financial statement. The specific revenue recognition criteria are described below:
(I) Income from Property Development
Revenue is recognised on satisfaction of performance obligation upon transfer of control of promised goods (residential or commercial units) or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services.
The Company satisfies the performance obligation and recognises revenue over time, if one of the following criteria is met:
• The customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the Company's performance as the Company performs; or
• The Company's performance creates or enhances an asset that the customer controls as the asset is created or enhanced; or
• The Company's performance does not create an asset with an alternative use to the Company and an entity has an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date.
For performance obligations where any one of the above conditions are not met, revenue is recognised at the point in time at which the performance obligation is satisfied.
Revenue is recognised either at point of time or over a period of time based on the conditions in the contracts with customers. The Company determines the performance obligations associated with the contract with customers at contract inception and also determine whether they satisfy the performance obligation over time or at a point in time.
The Company recognises revenue for performance obligation satisfied over time only if it can reasonably measure its progress towards complete satisfaction of the performance obligation.
The Company uses cost based input method for measuring progress for performance obligation satisfied over time. Under this method, the Company recognises revenue in proportion to the actual project cost incurred as against the total estimated project cost.
In respect of contract with customers which do not meet the criteria to recognise revenue over a period of time, revenue is recognized at point in time with respect to such contracts for sale of residential and commercial units as and when the control is passed on to the customers which is linked to the application and receipt of occupancy certificate.
Revenue is recognized net of discounts, rebates, credits, price concessions, incentives, etc. if any.
(II) Contract Balances Contract Assets
The Company is entitled to invoice customers for construction of residential and commercial properties based on achieving a series of construction-linked milestones. A contract asset is the right to consideration in exchange for goods or services transferred to the customer. If the Company performs by transferring goods or services to a customer before the payment is due, a contract asset is recognized for the earned consideration that is conditional. Any receivable which represents the Company's right to the consideration that is unconditional is treated as a trade receivable.
Contract Liabilities
A contract liability is the obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for which the company has received consideration from the customer. If a customer pays consideration before the company transfers goods or services to the customer, a contract liability is recognised when the payment is made. Contract liabilities are recognised as revenue when the company performs under the contract.
(III) Sale of Materials, Land and Development Rights
Revenue is recognized at point in time with respect to contracts for sale of Materials, Land and Development Rights as and when the control is passed on to the customers.
(IV) Interest Income
For all debt instruments measured at amortised cost. Interest income is recorded using the effective interest rate (EIR).
(V) Rental Income
Rental income arising from leases is accounted over the lease terms on straight line basis unless there is another systematic basis which is more representative of the time pattern of the lease. Revenue from lease rentals is disclosed net of indirect taxes, if any.
(VI) Others Operating Revenue
Revenue from facility management service is recognised at value of service on accrual basis as and when the performance obligation is satisfied.
(VI) Dividends
Revenue is recognised when the Company's right to receive the payment is established.
12 Foreign Currency Translation Initial Recognition
Foreign currency transactions during the year are recorded in the reporting currency at the exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction.
Conversion
Foreign currencies denominated monetary items are translated into rupees at the closing rates of exchange prevailing at the date of the balance sheet. Non-monetary items, which are carried in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency, are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction.
Exchange Differences
Exchange differences arising, on the settlement of monetary items or reporting of monetary items at the end of the year at closing rates, at rates different from those at which they were initially recorded during the year, or reported in previous financial statements, are recognized as income or as expenses in the year in which they arise.
13 Current Income Tax
Current income tax for the current and prior periods are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities based on the taxable profit for the period. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted by the reporting date and applicable for the period
Deferred Tax
Deferred tax is recognized using the balance sheet approach. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for all deductible and taxable temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount in financial statements, except when the deferred tax arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profits or loss at the time of transaction.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.
Deferred tax asset in respect of carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilized.
The Company recognizes deferred tax liabilities for all taxable temporary differences except those associated with the investments in subsidiaries where the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference can be controlled and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future.
Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) credit is recognised as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal tax during the specified period. Such asset is reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and the carrying amount of the MAT credit asset is written down to the extent there is no longer a convincing evidence to the effect that the Company will pay normal tax during the specified period.
Presentation of Current and Deferred Tax:
Current and deferred tax are recognized as income or an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss, except when they relate to items that are recognized in OCI, in which case, the current and deferred tax income/ expense are recognized in OCI. The Company offsets current tax assets and current tax liabilities, where it has a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and where it intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. In case of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities, the same are offset if the Company has a legally enforceable right to set off corresponding current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same tax authority on the Company.
14 Borrowing Costs
Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to real estate project development activities are inventorised / capitalized as part of project cost.
Borrowing costs are inventorised / capitalised as part of project cost when the activities that are necessary to prepare the inventory / asset for its intended use or sale are in progress. Borrowing costs are suspended from inventorisation / capitalisation when development work on the project is interrupted for extended periods and there is no imminent certainty of recommencement of work.
All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they occur. Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that the Company incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds.
15 Leases
The Company evaluates each contract or arrangement, whether it qualifies as lease as defined under Ind AS 116.
Company as a Lessee
The Company assesses, whether the contract is, or contains, a lease at the inception of the contract or upon the modification of a contract. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.
The Company at the commencement of the lease contract recognizes a Right-of-Use (RoU) asset at cost and
corresponding lease liability, except for leases with a term of twelve months or less (short-term leases) and leases for which the underlying asset is of low value (low-value leases). For these short-term and low-value leases, the Company recognizes the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.
The cost of the right-of-use assets comprises the amount of the initial measurement of the lease liability, adjusted for any lease payments made at or prior to the commencement date of the lease, any initial direct costs incurred by the Company, any lease incentives received and expected costs for obligations to dismantle and remove right-of-use assets when they are no longer used.
Subsequently, the right-of-use assets is measured at cost less any accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. The right-of-use assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis from the commencement date of the lease over the shorter of the end of the lease term or useful life of the right-of-use asset.
Right-of-use assets are assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the balance sheet carrying amount may not be recoverable using cash flow projections for the useful life.
For lease liabilities at commencement date, the Company measures the lease liability at the present value of the future lease payments as from the commencement date of the lease to end of the lease term. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if not readily determinable, the Company's incremental borrowing rate for the asset subject to the lease in the respective markets.
Subsequently, the Company measures the lease liability by adjusting carrying amount to reflect interest on the lease liability and lease payments made.
The Company remeasures the lease liability (and makes a corresponding adjustment to the related right-of-use asset) whenever there is a change to the lease terms or expected payments under the lease, or a modification that is not accounted for as a separate lease
The portion of the lease payments attributable to the repayment of lease liabilities is recognized in cash flows used in financing activities. Also, the portion attributable to the payment of interest is included in cash flows from financing activities. Further, Short-term lease payments, payments for leases for which the underlying asset is of low-value and variable lease payments not included in the measurement of the lease liability is also included in cash flows from operating activities.
Company as a Lessor
In arrangements where the Company is the lessor, it determines at lease inception whether the lease is a finance lease or an
operating lease. Leases that transfer substantially all of the risk and rewards incidental to ownership of the underlying asset to the counterparty (the lessee) are accounted for as finance leases. Leases that do not transfer substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership are accounted for as operating leases. Lease payments received under operating leases are recognized as income in the statement of profit and loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term or another systematic basis. The Company applies another systematic basis if that basis is more representative of the pattern in which benefit from the use of the underlying asset is diminished.
16 Retirement and Other Employee Benefits
Retirement and other Employee benefits are accounted in accordance with Ind AS 19 - Employee Benefits.
a) Defined Contribution Plan
The Company contributes to a recognised provident fund for all its employees. Contributions are recognised as an expense when employees have rendered services entitling them to such benefits.
b) Gratuity (Defined Benefit Scheme)
The Company provides for its gratuity liability based on actuarial valuation as at the balance sheet date which is carried out by an independent actuary using the Projected Unit Credit Method. Actuarial gains and losses are recognised in full in the Other Comprehensive Income for the period in which they occur.
c) Compensated absences (Defined Benefit Scheme)
Liability in respect of earned leave expected to become due or expected to be availed within one year from the balance sheet date is recognized on the basis of undiscounted value of benefit expected to be availed by the employees. Liability in respect of earned leave expected to become due or expected to be availed beyond one year after the balance sheet date is estimated on the basis of actuarial valuation performed by an independent actuary using the projected unit credit method.
17 Business Combinations under Common Control
Business Combinations involving entities or business under common control are accounted for using the pooling of interest method.
Under pooling of interest method , the assets and liabilities of the combining entities or businesses are reflected at their carrying amounts after making adjustments necessary to harmonise the accounting policies. The financial information in the standalone financial statements in respect of prior periods is restated as if the business combination had occurred from the beginning of the preceding period in the standalone financial statements, irrespective of the actual date of the combination. The identity of the reserves is preserved in the same form in which they appeared in the standalone
financial statements of the transferor and the difference, if any, between the amount recorded as share capital issued plus any additional consideration in the form of cash or other assets and amount of share capital of the transferor is transferred to capital reserves.
18 Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year (after deducting preference dividends and attributable taxes) attributable to equity share holders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year is adjusted for events of bonus issue and consolidation of equity shares. For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year and the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year (after deducting preference dividends and attributable taxes) attributable equity share holders and the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares
19 Goodwill
Goodwill is initially measured at cost being the excess of the aggregate of the consideration transferred and the amount recognised for non-controlling interest over the fair value of net identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed. If the consideration is lower than the fair value of the net assets of the subsidiary acquired, the difference is recognised in OCI and accumulated in equity as capital reserve. After initial recognition, goodwill is measured at the cost less any accumulated impairment losses. Where goodwill forms part of a cash-generating unit and part of the operation within that unit is disposed off, the goodwill associated with the operation disposed off is included in the carrying amount of the operation when determining the gain or loss on disposal of the operation. Goodwill disposed off in this circumstance is measured based on the relative values of the operation disposed off and the portion of the cash¬ generating unit retained.
Goodwill is tested annually for impairment, or more frequently if event or changes in circumstances indicates that it might be impaired. For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill recognised in a business combination is allocated to each of the Company's cash generating units (CGUs) that are expected to benefit from the combination. A CGU is the smallest identifiable group of assets that generates cash inflows that are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or group of assets. The impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the CGUs carrying amount exceeds
it recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset's fair value less cost of disposal and value in use. Value in use is arrived at by discounting the future cash flows to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor.
20 Employee Stock Option Plan
The cost of equity-settled transactions is determined by the fair value at the date when the grant is made using an appropriate valuation model. That cost is recognised, together with a corresponding increase in share-based payment reserves in equity, over the period in which the performance and/or service conditions are fulfilled in employee benefits expense. The cumulative expense recognised for equity-settled transactions at each reporting date until the vesting date reflects the extent to which the vesting period has expired and the Group's best estimate of the number of equity instruments that will ultimately vest. The statement of profit and loss expense or credit for a period represents the movement in cumulative expense recognised as at the beginning and end of that period and is recognised in employee benefits expense. Upon exercise of share options, the proceeds received are allocated to share capital up to the par value of the shares issued with any excess being recorded as securities premium.
21 Joint Development Agreement
The Company acquires development rights through Joint Development Arrangements (JDA), wherein the counter party
provides development rights and the Company undertakes to develop properties on such land. In lieu of land owner providing land, the company either agrees to provide saleable area or make variable payments to the land owner which are in the nature of revenue share or surplus share on project. Sharing of saleable area or variable payments in exchange of development rights/ land cost, are estimated and accounted at fair value on launch of the project or upon sale of units, depending on terms of agreement, under cost of development right (Inventory) with its corresponding liability. Subsequent to initial recognition, such liability is remeasured on each reporting period, to reflect the changes in the estimate, if any.
22 Dividend distribution to equity holders
Dividends paid / payable along with applicable taxes are recognised when it is approved by the shareholders. In case of interim dividend, it is recognised when it is approved by the Board of Directors and distribution is no longer at the discretion of the Company. A corresponding amount is accordingly recognised directly in equity.
(i) Goodwill:
Goodwill arises on business combination of external entities with underlying projects and as such is identified to such project i.e. Cash generating unit (CGU). Goodwill ceases to exist upon realization of full value of project.
The recoverable amount of a CGU is determined basis discounted cashflow approach as well as market approach. Market approach examines the price of similar product being sold in the market. In discounted cashflow approach, the projected cashflows are determined over the life cycle of the projects, after considering current economic conditions and trends, estimated future operating results, growth rates etc.
The key assumptions used for the calculation includes: (i) Revenue assumptions comprising of market sale price, growth rate, etc.
(ii) Cost assumptions comprising of brokerage cost, transaction cost on sale, construction cost, cost escalations etc. (iii) Discounting factor (Weighted Average Cost of Capital) assumed in the range of 15% to 17.5%; and (iv) Estimated cash flows from sale of constructed properties etc. for the future years.
(ii) Brand:
Brand arising out of merger was capitalized in accordance with the merger scheme, which has been approved by the Hon'ble High Court of Bombay.
36 Significant Accounting Judgements, Estimates And Assumptions
Judgements, Estimates And Assumptions
The Company makes certain judgement, estimates and assumptions regarding the future. Actual experience may differ from these judgements, estimates and assumptions. The estimates and assumptions that have significant risk of causing material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are described below.
(i) Useful Life Of Property, Plant And Equipments, Intangible Assets And Investment Properties
The Company determines the estimated useful life of its Property, Plant and Equipments, Investment Properties and Intangible Assets for calculating depreciation/ amortisation. The estimate is determined after considering the expected usage of the assets or physical wear and tear. The company periodically reviews the estimated useful life and the depreciation/ amortisation method to ensure that the method and period of depreciation/ amortisation are consistent with the expected pattern of economic benefits from these assets.
(ii) Impairment of non-financial assets
Impairment exists when the carrying value of an asset or cash generating unit exceeds its recoverable amount, which is the higher of its fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. The fair value less costs of disposal calculation is based on available data from binding sales transactions conducted at arm's length, for similar assets or observable market prices less incremental costs for disposing of the asset. An assessment is carried to determine whether there is any indication of impairment in the carrying amount of the Company's assets. If any such indication exists, the asset's recoverable amount is estimated. An impairment loss is recognised whenever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount.
(iii) Income Taxes
Significant judgments are involved in estimating budgeted profits for the purpose of paying advance tax, determining the provision for income taxes, including amount expected to be paid/recovered for uncertain tax positions.
(iv) Defined Benefit Plans (Gratuity And Leave Obligation Benefits)
The costs of providing pensions and other post-employment benefits are charged to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss in accordance with Ind AS 19 'Employee benefits' over the period during which benefit is derived from the employees' services. The costs are assessed on the basis of assumptions selected by the management. These assumptions include salary escalation rate, discount rates, expected rate of return on assets and mortality rates.
(v) Fair Value Measurement Of Financial Instruments
When the fair values of financials assets and financial liabilities recorded in the Standalone Balance Sheet cannot be measured based on quoted prices in active markets, their fair value is measured using valuation techniques, including the discounted cash flow model, which involve various judgements and assumptions.
(vi) Revaluation of Property, Plant and Equipment
The Company measures Land classified as property, plant and equipment at revalued amounts with changes in fair value being recognised in Other Comprehensive Income (OCI). The Company has engaged an independent valuer to assess the fair value periodically. Land is valued by reference to market-based evidence, using comparable prices adjusted for specific market factors such as nature, location and condition of the property.
36 Significant Accounting Judgements, Estimates And Assumptions (Contd..)
(vii) Valuation of inventories
The determination of net realisable value of inventory includes estimates based on prevailing market conditions, current prices and expected date of commencement and completion of the project, the estimated future selling price, cost to complete projects and selling cost.
(viii) Income from property development
Revenue is recognised on satisfaction of the performance obligation. The Company recognises revenue in proportion to the actual project cost incurred as against the total estimated project cost.
(ix) Leases - Estimating the incremental borrowing rate
The Company cannot readily determine the interest rate implicit in the lease, therefore, it uses its incremental borrowing rate (IBR) to measure lease liabilities. The IBR is the rate of interest that the Company would have to pay to borrow over a similar term and with a similar security, the funds necessary to obtain an asset of a similar value to the right-of-use asset in a similar economic environment.
(1) The Contingent Liabilities exclude undeterminable outcome of pending litigations.
(2) The Company has assessed that it is not probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation.
d. The Company is committed to provide business and financial support to certain subsidiaries, which are in losses and are dependent on Parent Company for meeting out their cash requirement.
38 In case of pending appeals filed by the Income Tax Department against the favourable orders, the management is confident that the outcome would be favourable and hence no contingent liability is disclosed.
The Company's principal financial liabilities comprise mainly of borrowings, lease liability, trade and other payables. The main purpose of these financial liabilities is to finance the Company's operations. The Company's principal financial assets include loans and advances, trade and other receivables, cash and cash equivalents and Other balances with Bank.
The Company is exposed through its operations to the following financial risks:
- Market risk
- Credit risk and
- Liquidity risk.
The Company has evolved a risk mitigation framework to identify, assess and mitigate financial risk in order to minimize potential adverse effects on the company's financial performance. There have been no substantive changes in the company's exposure to financial instrument risks, its objectives, policies and processes for managing those risks or the methods used to measure them from previous periods unless otherwise stated herein.
(a) Market risk
Market risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market prices. Market risk comprises three types of risks: interest rate risk, currency risk and other price risk. Financial instruments affected by market risk includes borrowings, investments, trade payables, trade receivables, loans and derivative financial instruments.
(i) Interest rate risk
The Company is exposed to cash flow interest rate risk mainly from long-term borrowings at variable rate. Currently the company has external borrowings (excluding short-term overdraft facilities) which are fixed and floating rate borrowings. The Company achieves the optimum interest rate profile by refinancing when the interest rates go down. However this does not protect Company entirely from the risk of paying rates in excess of current market rates nor eliminates fully cash flow risk associated with variability in interest payments. The Company considers that it achieves an appropriate balance of exposure to these risks.
The Company has entered into contracts for the sale of residential and commercial units on an installment basis. The installments are specified in the contracts. The Company is exposed to credit risk in respect of installments due. However, the possession of residential and commercial units is handed over to the buyer only after all the installments are recovered. In addition, installment dues are monitored on an ongoing basis with the result that the Company's exposure to credit risk is not significant. The Company evaluates the concentration of risk with respect to trade receivables as low, as none of its customers constitutes significant portions of trade receivables as at the year end.
Credit risk from balances with banks and financial institutions is managed by Company's treasury in accordance with the Company's policy. The company limits its exposure to credit risk by only placing balances with local banks and international banks of good repute. Given the profile of its bankers, management does not expect any counterparty to fail in meeting its obligations.
c) Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will encounter difficulty in raising funds to meet commitments associated with financial instruments that are settled by delivering cash or another financial asset. Liquidity risk may result from an inability to sell a financial asset quickly at close to its fair value. The Company has an established liquidity risk management framework for managing its short term, medium term and long term funding and liquidity management requirements. The Company's exposure to liquidity risk arises primarily from mismatches of the maturities of financial assets and liabilities. The Company manages the liquidity risk by maintaining adequate funds in cash and cash equivalents.
42 Capital management
For the purpose of the Company's capital management, capital includes issued equity share capital and other equity reserves attributable to the owners of the Company. The primary objective of the Company's capital management is to maximise the shareholder value.
The Company manages its capital structure and makes adjustments in light of changes in economic conditions and the requirements of the financial covenants. To maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company may adjust the dividend payment to shareholders, return capital to shareholders or issue new shares.The Company monitors capital using a gearing ratio and net debt ratio, which is net debt divided by total capital plus net debt. The Company includes within net debt, interest bearing loans and borrowings less cash and cash equivalents and bank balances other than cash and cash equivalents.
D. Terms and conditions of outstanding balances with related parties
Transactions with related parties are made under normal terms of business and all amounts outstanding are unsecured and will be settled by cheque/ RTGS.
a) Receivables from Related parties
The trade receivables from related parties arise mainly from sale transactions and services rendered and are received as per agreed terms ranging from 90-180 days.
b) Payable to related parties
The payables to related parties arise mainly from purchase transactions and services received and are paid as per agreed terms ranging from 90-180 days.
c) Loans to related party
The loans to related parties are unsecured, effective interest rate upto 10% to subsidiaries and joint ventures except certain interest free loans. Loans are utilised for general business purpose and repayable within 1 to 3 years.
d) Loans from related party
The loans from related parties are unsecured, effective interest rate ranging from 7% to 10% p.a. from subsidiary companies. Loans are utilised for general business purpose and repayable within 1 year.
e) Corporate Guarantee
There have been guarantees provided or received to the banks and financial institution in respect of loan taken by the subsidiaries and joint ventures.
f) Commitments / Support
The Company provides business and financial support to certain subsidiaries which are in losses and is dependent on the Company for meeting out their cash requirements.
44 Segment information
For management purposes, the Company is into one reportable segment i.e. Real Estate development.
The Managing Director is the Chief Operating Decision Maker of the Company who monitors the operating results of the Company for the purpose of making decisions about resource allocation and performance assessment. The Company's performance as single segment is evaluated and measured consistently with profit or loss in the standalone financial statements. Also, the Company's financing (including finance costs and finance income) and income taxes are managed on a Company basis.
(e) The transaction price of the remaining performance obligations as at 31-March-2025 H187,981 million, (31-March-2024 is H176,275 million). The same is expected to be recognised within 1 to 4 years.
54 Share Based Payments
ESOP Scheme 2021 was originally approved as "Lodha Developers Limited - Employee Stock Option Plan 2018” for issue of options to eligible employees (as defined therein) pursuant to the resolution passed by the Board of Directors on February 16, 2018 and by Shareholders on March 20, 2018. The scheme was amended and the nomenclature of the scheme was updated to "Macrotech Developers Limited - Employee Stock Option Plan 2021” ("ESOP Scheme 2021”) pursuant to the resolution passed by the Board and Shareholders on February 13, 2021. The Board has decided on June 22, 2021, not to grant any further options under the ESOP Scheme 2021.
Further, Pursuant to the resolution passed by Board on June 22, 2021 and approved by shareholders on September 03, 2021, the Company had also instituted the ESOP Scheme 2021 - II. The Company has formulated two Plans under the Scheme viz Plan-1 and Plan-2.
54 Share Based Payments (Contd..)
The risk free rates are determined based on the average of high and low of the last 12 months of the 10-Year government securities yield in effect at the time of the grant. Expected volatility of the option is based on historical volatility, during a period equivalent to the option life, of the observed market prices of the Industry's publicly traded equity shares. Volatility calculation is based on historical stock prices using standard deviation of daily change in stock price of the Industry's publicly traded equity shares. The historical period is taken into account to match the expected life of the option. Dividend yield has been calculated taking into account recent dividend activity.
(d) The expense arising from ESOP Schemes during the year is H735 million (31-March-2024: H708 million)
55 a) The Board of the Company at its meeting held on 30-July-2024, has subject to necessary approvals, considered and approved
Scheme of merger by absorption of three listed subsidiaries namely National Standard (India) Limited, Sanathnagar Enterprises Limited and Roselabs Finance Limited with the Company and their respective shareholders ("Scheme") under Section 232 read with Section 230 of the Companies Act, 2013. The Standalone financial statements have been prepared without giving impact of same as the Scheme is pending for approval.
b) The Company has filed a scheme of merger by absorption of One Place Commercials Private Limited and Palava City Management Private Limited ('Wholly Owned Subsidiaries') with the Company and their respective shareholders ("Scheme") under section 232 read with section 230 of the Companies Act, 2013, with the Hon'ble National Company Law Tribunal, Mumbai Bench ('NCLT') on 10-February-2024 with the Appointed Date 01-April-2024. The Scheme is reserved for Order and hence the Standalone financial statements have been prepared without giving impact of the Scheme.
56 Exceptional Items
During the previous year, the Company had fully exited from foreign market by disposing off its entire stake in relation to UK operations, realizing H5,475 million and charging the balance value, including accumulated losses of intermediary overseas subsidaries, in the standalone financial statement as an Exceptional Item.
57 QIP Issue
During the previous year, the Company had alloted 2,98,89,353 equity shares having a face value of H 10 each at premium of H 1,088 per share through Qualified Institutions Placement aggregating to H32,819 million. QIP Expenses of H188 million net of taxes was adjusted against Securities Premium.
58 Other Information
(i) The Company does not have any Benami property, where any proceeding has been initiated or pending against the Company for holding any Benami property.
(ii) The Company does not have any transactions with companies struck off.
(iii) The Company has not traded or invested in Crypto currency or Virtual Currency during the year.
(iv) The Company has not advanced or loaned or invested funds to any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Intermediaries) with the understanding that the Intermediary shall:
(a) d irectly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the company (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
(v) The Company has not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the Company shall:
(a) d irectly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
58 Other Information (Contd..)
(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
(vi) The Company does not have any transaction which is not recorded in the books of account that has been surrendered or disclosed as income during the year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961 (such as, search or survey or any other relevant provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961).
59 Recent Development
Ministry of Corporate Affairs ("MCA") notifies new standards or amendments to the existing standard under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. For the period ended March 31 2025, MCA has not notified any new standards or amendments to the existing standards which has a material impact on Company.
60 Subsequent Events
There are no subsequent events which require disclosure or adjustment subsequent to the Standalone Financial Statements.
62 The figures for the corresponding previous year have been regrouped/ reclassified, wherever considered necessary, to make them comparable with current year classification.
As per our attached Report of even date For and on behalf of the Board of Directors of
For M S K A & Associates Macrotech Developers Limited
Chartered Accountants Firm Registration Number: 105047W
Mukund Chitale Abhishek Lodha
(Chairman) (Managing Director and CEO)
DIN: 00101004 DIN: 00266089
Mayank Vijay Jain Sanjay Chauhan Sanjyot Rangnekar
(Partner) (Chief Financial Officer) (Company Secretary)
Membership No. 512495 Membership No. F4154
Place : Mumbai Date : 24-April-2025
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