The total cash outflow for leases for the year ended March 31, 2024 was R2,134.44 Lakhs (March 31, 2023 R2,037.55 Lakhs) (including short term and variable lease payments).
(iii) Variable Lease Payments
Certain property leases contain variable payment terms that are linked to sales generated from a store. For individual stores, up to 100% of lease payments are on the basis of variable payment terms with percentages ranging from 10% to 30% of sales. Variable payment terms are used for a variety of reasons, including minimising the fixed costs base for newly established stores. Variable lease payments that depend on sales are recognised in statement of profit or loss in the period in which the condition that triggers those payments occurs.
A 50% increase in sales across all stores in the company with such variable lease contracts would increase total lease payments by approximately R91.48 lakhs (March 31, 2023 R137.12 lakhs).
(iv) Extension and termination options
Extension and termination options are included in a number of property leases across the Company. These are used to maximise operational flexibility in terms of managing the assets used in the Company’s operations. The majority of extension and termination options held are exercisable only by the Company and not by the respective lessor.
(v) Critical judgments in determining the lease term
I n determining the lease term, management considers all facts and circumstances that create an economic incentive to exercise an option, or not exercise a termination option. Extension options (or periods after termination options) are only included in the lease term if the lease is reasonably certain to be extended.
For leases of retail stores, the Company considers factors such as historical lease durations, the costs and business disruption required to replace the leased asset.
(ii) Premises given on operating lease:
The Company has given certain investment properties on operating lease. These lease arrangements range for a period between 1 years to 9 years and include both cancellable and non-cancellable leases. Most of the leases are renewable for further period on mutually agreeable terms.
the Company obtains independent valuations for its investment properties at least annually. lire best evidence of fair value is current prices in active market for similar properties.
The fair valuation of investment properties has been determined by registered independent valuers. The main inputs used are the prevailing market rates and recent sale of similar properties, etc. The fair value measurement is categorised in level 3 fair value hierarchy.
Inventory writedowns are accounted, considering the nature of inventory, ageing, liquidation plan and net realisable value. Write-downs of inventories amounted to R511.34 Lakhs for the year ended March 31, 2024 (R371.70 Lakhs for year ended March 31, 2023). These writedowns were recognised as an expense and included in ‘Cost of material consumed’, ‘changes in inventories of finished goods, stock-in-trade and work-in-progress’, and ‘consumption of stores and spares’ in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
The management has carried out an assessment of carrying value of the inventories and basis such assessment which includes nature, condition, margins and liquidation plan, no further provision, over and above those already provided, is considered necessary.
Nature of Security and terms of repayment:
(i) Current borrowings are secured against hypothecation of all current assets of the Company (Refer note 39).
(ii) RPC is repayable within 180 days. Effective Interest rate ranging from 3.10% to 6.10% p.a. (March 31, 2023: 3.10% to 6.10% p.a.)
(iii) Bank Overdraft carries rate of interest ranging from 9.10 % to 9.50% p.a. (March 31, 2023: 9.10 % to 9.50% p.a.)
(iv) Loans from Directors carries rate of interest of 8% p.a.
(v) Refer Note 46 for liquidity risk.
(vi) The carrying amounts of financial and non financial assets as security for secured borrowings are disclosed in Note 39.
* Contract liabilities reflect advance payments from customers. These are amounts received prior to transferring goods and services to the customer. The balance as at the beginning of the year is recognised as revenue during the year while the amount recognised as at the end of the year represents advance payments received during the respective year.
# Where a customer has a right to return a product within a given period, the Company recognises a refund liability for the amount of consideration received for which the entity does not expect to be entitled R nil (March 31, 2023 - R62 Lakhs). The Company also recognises a right to recover the returned goods measured by reference to the former carrying amount of the goods R nil (March 31, 2023 - R31 Lakhs) (Refer Note 19). The costs to recover the products are not material because the customers usually return them in a saleable condition.
Significant Estimates: Based on the future business plans and the underlying assumptions such as fair value of immovable properties, as also assessed by an external registered valuer, the company has estimated that the future taxable income will be sufficient to absorb carried forward unabsorbed depreciation, which management believes is probable, accordingly the Company has recognized deferred tax asset on aforesaid unabsorbed depreciation. However, deferred tax on carried forward unabsorbed depreciation and business losses as detailed below has not been considered for recognition of deferred tax asset. Further, deferred tax asset on business losses has been recognised to the extent of deferred tax liabilities.
Significant Estimates: The Company has litigations in respect of certain Income tax matters. The management does assessment of all outstanding matters and wherever required, further obtains legal advices including those relating to interpretation of law. Based on such assessment, it concludes whether a provision should be recognised or a disclosure should be made.
Miraj Marketing Company LLP (MMLP) vide Deed of Adherence (DOA) dated October 31, 2020 and January 30, 2021 executed in favour of Faering Capital India Evolving Fund II and the Company, has acquired Investment Commitment of class A units of Faering Capital India Evolving Fund amounting to R298.80 lakhs from the Company and pursuant to which the Company is no longer committed for investment commitment to the extent of R298.80 lakhs.
42 Post retirement benefit plansI. I Defined Benefit Plan - Gratuity:
The Company provides for gratuity for employees in India as per the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972. Employees who are in continuous service for a period of 5 years are eligible for gratuity. The amount of gratuity payable on retirement/ termination is the employees last drawn basic salary per month computed proportionately for 15 days salary multiplied for the number of years of service, subject to a ceiling of R20 lakhs. the gratuity plan is a funded plan and the Company makes contributions to recognised funds in India.
As per Actuarial Valuation as on March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, amounts recognised in the Standalone financial statements in respect of Employee Benefits Scheme:
The sensitivity analysis above have been determined based on reasonably possible changes of the respective assumptions occurring at the end of the reporting period and may not be representative of the actual change. It is based on a change in the key assumption while holding all other assumptions constant. When calculating the sensitivity to the assumption, the same method used to calculate the liability recognised in the balance sheet has been applied. The methods and types of assumptions used in preparing the sensitivity analysis did not change compared with the previous year.
H. Risk Exposure - Asset Volatility
The plan liabilities are calculated using a discount rate set with reference to bond yields; if plan assets underperform this yield, this will create a deficit. Most of the plan asset investments is in fixed income securities with high grades and in government securities. These are subject to interest rate risk and the fund manages interest rate risk derivatives to minimize risk to an acceptable level.
IE Compensated absences
the compensated absences obligations cover the Company’s liability for leave, which is actuarially valued at each year end by applying the assumptions referred in ‘E’ above.
The amount of the provision of R57.29 lakhs (as at March 31, 2023: R52.79 lakhs) is presented as current, since the Company does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement of these obligations.
IH. Details of Defined Contribution Plan
The Company also has certain defined contribution plans. Contributions are made to provident and other funds in India for employees as per regulations. The contributions are made to registered provident fund, ESIC, etc. which are administered by the government. the obligation of the Company is limited to the amount contributed and it has no further contractual nor any constructive obligation. The expense recognised during the year towards defined contribution plan are R332.49 lakhs (Previous year R316.33 lakhs) in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.
43 In accordance with Accounting Standard Ind AS 108 ‘Operating Segment‘, segment information has been given in the consolidated financial statements of Zodiac Clothing Company Limited, and therefore, no separate disclosure on segment information is given in these standalone financial statements.
(e) Trust
Zodiac Clothing Co. Ltd. EMPL GGCA Scheme
* The shareholders of the company are Mrs. Muna Mahmood Mohd. Mahmoud (51%) and M/s. Zodiac Clothing Co S.A. (49%). As per the mutual agreement between the shareholders, Mrs. Muna Mahmood Mohd. Mahmoud is holding 51% shares for and on behalf of M/s. Zodiac Clothing Co S.A. who is the beneficial owner.
Terms and Conditions:
Transactions were done in ordinary course of business and on normal terms and conditions.
Outstanding balances are unsecured and repayable in cash.
Refer Note 40(ii)(b) in respect of transfer of Investment commitment by the Company to a related party.
45 Fair Value Measurement:
(i) Financial Instrument by category and hierarchy.
The fair values of the financial assets and liabilities are included at the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale.
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair values:
1. Fair value of trade receivables, cash and cash equivalents, other bank balances, other current financial assets, current loans, trade payables and other current financial liabilities approximate their carrying amounts largely due to short term maturities of these instruments.
2. Financial instruments with fixed and variable interest rates are evaluated by the Company based on parameters such as interest rates and individual credit worthiness of the counterparty. Based on this evaluation, allowances are taken to account for expected losses of these receivables. Accordingly, fair value of such instruments is not materially different from their carrying amounts.
The fair values for loans (security deposits) were calculated based on cash flows discounted using a current lending rate. They are classified as level 3 fair values in the fair value hierarchy due to the inclusion of unobservable inputs including counter party credit risk. The interest rate on term deposits is at the prevailing market rates. Accordingly, fair value of such instrument is not materially different from their carrying amounts.
The interest rate on borrowing is at the prevailing market rates. Accordingly, fair value of such instruments is not materially different from their carrying amounts.
For financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value, the carrying amounts are equal to the fair values.
The Company uses the following hierarchy for determining and disclosing the fair value of financial instruments by valuation technique:
Level 1: quoted (unadjusted) prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2: other techniques for which all inputs which have a significant effect on the recorded fair value are observable, either directly or
indirectly.
Level 3: techniques which use inputs that have a significant effect on the recorded fair value that are not based on observable market data.
(ii) Valuation technique used to determine fair value
Specific valuation techniques used to value financial instruments include:
- the use of quoted market prices for quoted shares and mutual funds
- the fair value of forward exchange contracts is determined using forward exchange rates at the balance sheet date
- net asset value (‘NAV’) / fair market value (‘FMV’) are determined based on audited financial statements / valuation reports / NAV / FMV provided by fund manager
- the fair value of remaining financial instrument is determined using discounted cash flow analysis.
*The Company has invested in following funds and these funds have been further invested into various companies.
1. Faering Capital India Evolving Fund
2. Paragon Partners Growth Fund - I
3. Faering Capital India Evolving Fund II
4. tata Capital Growth Fund
5. tata Capital Healthcare Fund
The Company has considered fair market values based on audited financial statement and/or valuation reports and/or NAV / FMV statements provided by venture capital fund.
Investment commitment in respect of venture capital funds are on “as needed” basis and will be at face value.
[Refer Note 40(ii)(b)]
46 Financial Risk Management:
Financial risk management objectives and policies
The Company’s financial risk management is an integral part of how to plan and execute its business strategies. The Company’s financial risk management policy is set by the Management.
(A) market risk
Market risk is the risk of loss of future earnings, fair values or future cash flows that may result from a change in the price of a financial instrument. The value of a financial instrument may change as a result of changes in the interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, equity prices and other market changes that affect market risk sensitive instruments. Market risk is attributable to all market risk sensitive financial instruments including investments, future committed transactions, foreign currency receivables, payables, borrowings etc.
The Company manages market risk through its finance department (headed by CFO), which evaluates and exercises independent control over the entire process of market risk management. The finance department recommend risk management objectives and policies, which are approved by Senior Management and the Audit Committee. The activities of this department include management of cash resources, implementing hedging strategies for foreign currency exposures like foreign exchange forward contracts, option contracts, borrowing strategies and ensuring compliance with market risk limits and policies.
market risk- Interest rate risk.
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of the financial instruments will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. In order to optimize the Company’s position with regards to interest income and interest expenses and to manage the interest rate risk, treasury performs a comprehensive corporate interest rate risk management by balancing the proportion of fixed rate and floating rate financial instruments in its total portfolio, which could vary on either side based on current interest rates scenario.
According to the Company interest rate risk exposure is only for floating rate borrowings. For floating rate liabilities, the analysis is prepared assuming the amount of the liability outstanding at the end of the reporting period was outstanding for the whole year. A 50 basis point increase or decrease is used when reporting interest rate risk internally to key management personnel and represents management’s assessment of the reasonably possible change in interest rates.
* Sensitivity is calculated based on the assumption that amount outstanding as at reporting dates were utilised for the whole financial year.
market risk- foreign currency risk
The Company operates internationally and portion of the business is transacted in several currencies and consequently the Company is exposed to foreign exchange risk through its sales, purchases etc. in various foreign currencies.
The Company evaluates exchange rate exposure arising from foreign currency transactions and the Company follows established risk management policies, including the use of derivatives like foreign exchange forward contracts and option contracts to hedge exposure to foreign currency risk.
Derivative financial instruments such as foreign exchange forward and option contracts are used for hedging purposes and not as trading or speculative instruments. The Company designates these hedging instruments as cash flow hedges to hedge foreign currency risk in cash flow from firm commitment (sales order/purchase order).
Market Risk- Price Risk
(a) Exposure
The Company’s exposure to equity securities price risk arises from investments held by the Company and classified in the balance sheet at fair value through Other Comprehensive Income. To manage its price risk arising from investments in equity securities, the Company diversifies its portfolio. Diversification of portfolio is done in accordance with limits set by the Company.
(b) Sensitivity
(i)The table below summarises the impact of increases/decreases of the BSE index on the Company’s equity and other comprehensive income for the year arising from portfolio of investment in equity shares of listed companies. The analysis is based on the assumption that the index has increased by 10 % or decreased by 10 % with all other variables held constant, and that all the Company’s equity instruments moved in line with the index.
Above referred sensitivity pertains to quoted equity investment (Refer Note 8). Other Comprehensive Income for the year would increase/ (decrease) as a result of gains/losses on equity securities as at fair value through Other Comprehensive Income.
(ii) The table below summarises the impact of increases/decreases in the net asset value (NAV) / fair market value (FMV) of Company’s investment in venture capital fund units and statement of profit and loss for the year arising from portfolio of investment in venture capital funds. The analysis is based on the assumption that the NAV / FMV has increased by 10% or decreased by 10% with all other variables held constant, and that all the Company’s venture capital funds moved in same direction.
*Loss before tax would change as a result of gain/loss on financial instruments classified as at fair value through profit and loss.
(iii) The table below summarises the impact of increases/decreases in the net asset value (NAV) of Company’s investment in mutual fund units and statement of profit and loss for the year arising from portfolio of investment in mutual funds. The analysis is based on the assumption that the NAV has increased by 10% or decreased by 10% with all other variables held constant, and that all the Company’s mutual funds moved in same direction.
(B) Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk of incurring a loss that may arise from a borrower or debtor failing to make required payments. Credit risk arises mainly from trade receivables, cash and cash equivalents, deposit with banks, derivative financial instruments, investments, loan to employee and security deposits. The Company manages and analyses the credit risk for each of its new customers before standard payment and delivery terms and conditions are offered.
Credit risk on cash and cash equivalents, deposit with banks, derivative financial instruments and investment is limited as Company generally deals with banks and financial institutions with high credit ratings assigned by credit rating agencies. Investments primarily include investment in liquid mutual and accredited venture fund.
While loans and security deposits for rental premises are subjected to the impairment requirement of Ind AS 109, the identified impairment loss was immaterial.
(i) Credit risk management:
The Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its assets carried at amortised cost. For trade receivables, the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial Instrument, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognised from initial recognition of the receivables. When determining whether the credit risk of a financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition and when estimating expected credit losses, the Company considers reasonable and supportable information that is relevant and available without undue cost or effort. This includes both quantitative and qualitative information and analysis, based on the Company’s historical experience and informed credit assessment and including forward looking information.
Sale to retail customers are required to be settled in cash or using major cards, mitigating credit risk. There are no significant concentrations of credit risk, whether through exposure to individual customers, specific industry sectors or regions.
In respect of sales to export customers, there are no past history of losses, thus the identified expected credit loss was immaterial.
Credit risk for domestic trade receivable is managed by the Company through credit approvals, establishing credit limits and periodic monitoring of the creditworthiness of its customers to which the Company grants credit terms in the normal course of business.
Significant estimates and judgements:
Impairment of financial assets
The impairment provision for financial assets disclosed above are based on assumptions about the risk of default and expected loss rates. The Company uses judgement in making these assumptions and selecting the inputs to the impairment calculation, based on the Company’s past history, existing market conditions as well as forward looking estimates at the end of each reporting period.
(C) Liquidity Risk
Prudent liquidity risk management implies maintaining sufficient cash and marketable securities and the availability of funding through an adequate amount of committed credit facilities to meet obligations when due and to close out market positions. Due to the dynamic nature of the underlying businesses, Company’s finance department maintains flexibility in funding by maintaining availability under committed credit lines. Management monitors rolling forecasts of the Company’s liquidity position (comprising the undrawn borrowing facilities below) and cash and cash equivalents on the basis of expected cash flows.
* The foreign exchange forward contracts and option contract are denominated in the same currency as the firm commitment (sales order/purchase orders), therefore the hedge ratio is 1:1.
The Company’s hedging policy only allows for effective hedge relationships to be established. Hedge effectiveness is determined at the inception of the hedge relationship, and through periodic prospective effectiveness assessments to ensure that an economic relationship exists between the hedged item and hedging instrument. The Company enters into hedge relationships where the critical terms of hedging instrument match exactly with the terms of the hedged items, and so a qualitative assessment of effectiveness is performed.
47 Capital Management:
The Company aim to manages its capital efficiently so as to safeguard its ability to continue as a going concern and to optimise returns to the shareholders.
The capital structure of the Company is based on management’s judgement of the appropriate balance of key elements in order to meet its strategic and day-to-day needs. We consider the amount of capital in proportion to risk and manage the capital structure in light of changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets. In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company may adjust the amount of dividends paid to shareholders, return capital to shareholders or issue new shares.
The Company’s policy is to maintain a stable and strong capital structure with a focus on total equity so as to maintain investor, creditors and market confidence and to sustain future development and growth of its business. The Company will take appropriate steps in order to maintain, or if necessary adjust, its capital structure.
The Company’s management monitors the return on capital as well as the level of dividends to shareholders.
48 (a) The Code on Social Security, 2020 (‘Code’) relating to employee benefits received Presidential assent in September 2020. However, the date on which the Code will come into effect has not yet been notified. The Company will assess the impact of the Code when it comes into effect and will record any related impact in the period the Code becomes effective.
(b) No Significant Subsequent events have been observed which may require an adjustments to the standalone financial statements.
b) Details of benami property held:
No proceedings have been initiated on or are pending against the Company for holding benami property under the Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Act, 1988 (45 of 1988) and Rules made thereunder.
c) Borrowing secured against current assets:
The Company has borrowings from banks on the basis of security of current assets. The quarterly returns or statements of current assets filed by the Company with banks are in agreement with the books of accounts.
d) Wilful defaulter:
Company has not been declared wilful defaulter by any bank or financial institution or government or any government authority.
e) Relationship with struck off companies:
The Company has no transactions with the companies struck off under Companies Act, 2013 or Companies Act, 1956.
f) Compliance with number of layers of companies:
the Company has complied with the number of layers prescribed under the Companies Act, 2013.
g) “Compliance with approved scheme(s) of arrangements:
the Company has not entered into any scheme of arrangement which has an accounting impact on current or previous financial year.”
h) Utilisation of borrowed funds and share premium:
The Company has not advanced or loaned or invested funds to any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Intermediaries) with the understanding that the Intermediary shall:
(i) . directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Company (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
(ii) . provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the ultimate beneficiaries
the Company has not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the Company shall:
(i) . directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
(ii) . provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the ultimate beneficiaries.
i) Undisclosed incom:
there is no income surrendered or disclosed as income during the current or previous year in the tax assessments under the Income tax Act, 1961, that has not been recorded in the books of account.
j) Details of crypto currency or virtual currency:
The Company has not traded or invested in crypto currency or virtual currency during the current or previous year.
k) Valuation of PPE, intangible asset and investment property:
the Company has not revalued its property, plant and equipment (including right-of-use assets) or intangible assets or both during the current or previous year.
l) Registration of charges or satisfaction with Registrar of Companies:
There are no charges or satisfaction which are yet to be registered with the Registrar of Companies beyond the statutory period.
m) Utilisation of borrowings availed from banks and financial institutions:
The borrowings obtained by the Company from banks and financial institutions have been applied for the purposes for which such loans were taken.
o) The Company’s international transactions and domestic transactions with related parties are at arm’s length as per the independent accountants report for the year ended 31 March 2023. Management believes that the Group’s international transactions and domestic transactions with related parties for the year ended 31 March 2024 and post 31 March 2024 continue to be at arm’s length and that the transfer pricing legislation will not have any impact on these financial statements, particularly on amount of tax expense and that of provision for taxation.
50 These standalone financial statements were authorised for issue by the directors on May 30, 2024.
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