Persistent Systems Limited
Report on the Audit of the Standalone Financial Statements
Opinion
We have audited the standalone financial statements of Persistent Systems Limited (the “Company”) (which includes its Employee Stock Option Plan (ESOP) trust (the “ESOP trust”), which comprise the standalone balance sheet as at 31 March 2026, and the standalone statement of profit and loss (including other comprehensive income), standalone statement of changes in equity and standalone statement of cash flows for the year then ended, and notes to the standalone financial statements, including material accounting policies and other explanatory information.
In our opinion and to the best of our information and according to the explanations given to us, the aforesaid standalone financial statements give the information required by the Companies Act, 2013 (“Act”) in the manner so required and give a true and fair view in conformity with the accounting principles generally accepted in India, of the state of affairs of the Company as at 31 March 2026, and its profit and other comprehensive loss, changes in equity and its cash flows for the year ended on that date.
Basis for Opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with the Standards on Auditing (SAs) specified under Section 143(10) of the Act. Our responsibilities under those SAs are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Standalone Financial Statements section of our report. We are independent of the Company in accordance with the Code of Ethics issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India together with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the standalone financial statements under the provisions of the Act and the Rules thereunder, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements and the Code of Ethics. We believe that the audit evidence obtained by us along with the consideration of report of the other auditor referred to in paragraph (b) of the “Other Matters” section below, is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion on the standalone financial statements.
Key Audit Matters
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the standalone financial statements of the current period. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the standalone financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.
Key Audit Matter — Revenue recognition on fixed price contracts, wherein revenue is recognised using percentage of completion method
See Note 23 to standalone financial statements
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The key audit matter
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How the matter was addressed in our audit
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Revenue recognition on fixed price contracts, wherein revenue is recognised using percentage of completion method
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In view of the significance of the matter, we applied the following audit procedures in this area, among others to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence:
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(See Note 23 to standalone financial statements)
The Company inter alia engages in Fixed-price contracts, wherein, revenue is recognised over the period of time using the percentage of completion computed as per the input method. This is based on the Company’s estimate of efforts to complete the contracts.
Revenue recognition of fixed price contracts where the percentage of completion is used is identified as a key audit matter since —
• there is an inherent risk and presumed fraud risk around the existence of revenue recognised considering the customised and complex nature of these contracts;
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• Obtained an understanding of the systems, processes and controls for determining and recording revenue and the associated contract assets and unearned revenue balances.
• Evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of management’s key internal controls (including key IT controls) over revenue recognition.
• On a selection of contracts, we tested if the revenue recognised was in accordance with the revenue recognition accounting standard.
• We:
i. evaluated the identification of performance obligations;
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• application of revenue recognition using percentage of completion under accounting standard (Ind AS 115, Revenue from Contracts with customers) is complex and involves:
i. estimating the future effort-to-complete these contracts, which is used to measure the stage of completion of the relevant performance obligation; and
ii. j udgement in identification of distinct performance obligations and determination of transaction price for such performance obligations.
• Further, these contracts may involve onerous obligations which requires critical assessment of foreseeable losses to be made by the Company; and at year-end, significant amount of contract assets and; unearned revenue balances related to these contracts are recognised on the balance sheet.
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ii. considered the terms of the contracts to determine the transaction price;
iii. determined if the Company’s evaluation of the method used for recognition of revenue is appropriate;
iv. a ssessed if the estimates of efforts to complete were reviewed and approved by appropriate designated management personnel;
v. tested the Company’s calculation of efforts incurred till date and estimation of efforts to complete the contract including estimation of onerous obligations, if any.
vi. performed retrospective review of efforts incurred till date against the estimated contract effort;
• Verified the mathematical accuracy of revenue recognised using percentage of completion method including associated contract assets and unearned revenue balances.
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• Assessed ageing of contract assets as on the balance sheet date and in case of aged items, obtained reasons for delays if any and expected timelines for invoicing.
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• We tested journal entries on revenue recognised during the year, by considering specified risk based criteria, to identify unusual or irregular items.
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The Company’s Management and Board of Directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information included in the Company’s annual report, but does not include the financial statements and auditor’s report thereon. The Company’s annual report is expected to be made available to us after the date of this auditor’s report.
Our opinion on the standalone financial statements does not cover the other information and we will not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.
In connection with our audit of the standalone financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information identified above when it becomes available and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the standalone financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated.
When we read the Company’s annual report, if we conclude that there is a material misstatement therein, we are required to communicate the matter to those charged with governance and take necessary actions, as applicable under the relevant laws and regulations.
Management’s and Board of Directors’ / Board of Trustees’ Responsibilities for the Standalone Financial Statements
The Company’s Management and Board of Directors are responsible for the matters stated in Section 134(5) of the Act with respect to the preparation of these standalone financial statements that give a true and fair view of the state of affairs, profit / loss and other comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows of the Company in accordance with the accounting principles generally accepted in India, including the Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) specified under Section 133 of the Act. The respective Management and Board of Directors of the Company / Board of Trustees of the ESOP trust are responsible for maintenance of adequate accounting records in accordance with the provisions of the Act for safeguarding of the assets of the company / ESOP trust and for preventing and detecting frauds and other irregularities; selection and application of appropriate accounting policies; making judgments and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; and design, implementation and maintenance of adequate internal financial controls, that were operating effectively for ensuring the accuracy and completeness of the accounting records, relevant to the preparation and presentation of the standalone financial statements that give a true and fair view and are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the standalone financial statements, the respective Management and Board of Directors / Board of Trustees are responsible for assessing the ability of the company / ESOP trust to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the Board of Directors / Board of Trustees either intends to liquidate the company / ESOP trust or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.
The Board of Directors / Board of Trustees are responsible for overseeing the financial reporting process of the company / ESOP trust.
Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Standalone Financial Statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the standalone financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with SAs will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these standalone financial statements.
As part of an audit in accordance with SAs, we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. We also:
• Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the standalone financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations or the override of internal control.
• Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances. Under Section 143(3)(i) of the Act, we are also responsible for expressing our
opinion on whether the company has adequate internal financial controls with reference to financial statements in place and the operating effectiveness of such controls.
• Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related disclosures made by the Management and Board of Directors.
• Conclude on the appropriateness of the Management and Board of Directors use of the going concern basis of accounting in preparation of standalone financial statements and, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s report to the related disclosures in the standalone financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to cease to continue as a going concern.
• Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the standalone financial statements, including the disclosures, and whether the standalone financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation.
• Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial statements of ESOP trust of the Company to express an opinion on the standalone financial statements. For the ESOP trust included in the standalone financial statements, which has been audited by other auditor, such other auditor remain responsible for the direction, supervision and performance of the audit carried out by them. We remain solely responsible for our audit opinion. Our responsibilities in this regard are further described in paragraph (b) of the section titled “Other Matters” in this audit report.
We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.
We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards.
From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters that were of most significance in the audit of the standalone financial statements of the current period and are therefore the key audit matters. We describe these matters in our auditor’s report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure about the matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances, we determine that a matter should not be communicated in our report because the adverse consequences of doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest benefits of such communication.
Other Matters
a. The standalone financial statements of the Company for the year ended 31 March 2025 were audited by the predecessor auditor who had expressed an unmodified opinion on 23 April 2025.
b. We did not audit the financial statements of one ESOP trust included in the standalone financial statements of the Company whose financial statements reflect total assets (before consolidation adjustments) of Rs. 2,234 Million as at 31 March 2026, total revenue (before consolidation adjustments) of Rs. 47 Million and net cash inflows (before consolidation adjustments) amounting to Rs. 7.61 Million for the year ended on that date, as considered in the standalone financial statements. The financial statements of this ESOP trust has been audited by the other auditor whose report has been furnished to us, and our opinion in so far as it relates to the amounts and disclosures included in respect of ESOP trust, is based solely on the report of such other auditor.
Our opinion is not modified in respect of these matters.
Report on Other Legal and Regulatory Requirements
1. As required by the Companies (Auditor’s Report) Order, 2020 (“the Order”) issued by the Central Government of India in terms of Section 143(11) of the Act, we give in the “Annexure A” a statement on the matters specified in paragraphs 3 and 4 of the Order, to the extent applicable.
2 A. As required by Section 143(3) of the Act, we report, to the extent applicable, that:
a. We have sought and obtained all the information and explanations which to the best of our knowledge and belief were necessary for the purposes of our audit.
b. In our opinion, proper books of account as required by law have been kept by the Company so far as it appears from our examination of those books.
c. The standalone balance sheet, the standalone statement of profit and loss (including other comprehensive income), the standalone statement of changes in equity and the standalone statement of cash flows dealt with by this Report are in agreement with the books of account.
d. In our opinion, the aforesaid standalone financial statements comply with the Ind AS specified under Section 133 of the Act.
e. On the basis of the written representations received from the directors as on 01 April 2026 taken on record by the Board of Directors, none of the directors is disqualified as on 31 March 2026 from being appointed as a director in terms of Section 164(2) of the Act.
f. With respect to the adequacy of the internal financial controls with reference to financial statements of the Company and the operating effectiveness of such controls, refer to our separate Report in “Annexure B”.
B. With respect to the other matters to be included in the Auditor’s Report in accordance with Rule 11 of the
Companies (Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014, in our opinion and to the best of our information and according to the explanations given to us:
a. The Company has disclosed the impact of pending litigations as at 31 March 2026 on its financial position in its standalone financial statements - Refer Note 35 to the standalone financial statements.
b. The Company did not have any long-term contracts including derivative contracts for which there were any material foreseeable losses.
c. There has been no delay in transferring amounts, required to be transferred, to the Investor Education and Protection Fund by the Company.
d. (i) The management of the Company represented to us that, to the best of its knowledge and belief, as
disclosed in the Note 47 to the standalone financial statements, no funds have been advanced or loaned or invested (either from borrowed funds or share premium or any other sources or kind of funds) by the Company to or in any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (“Intermediaries”), with the understanding, whether recorded in writing or otherwise, that the Intermediary shall directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Company (“Ultimate Beneficiaries”) or provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
(ii) The management of the Company represented to us that, to the best of its knowledge and belief, as disclosed in the Note 48 to the standalone financial statements, no funds have been received by the Company from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (“Funding Parties”), with the understanding, whether recorded in writing or otherwise, that the Company shall directly or indirectly, lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Parties (“Ultimate Beneficiaries”) or provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
(iii) Based on the audit procedures that have been considered reasonable and appropriate in the circumstances, nothing has come to our notice that has caused us to believe that the representations under sub-clause (i) and (ii) of Rule 11(e), as provided under (i) and (ii) above, contain any material misstatement.
e. The final dividend paid by the Company during the year, in respect of the same declared for the previous year, is in accordance with Section 123 of the Act to the extent it applies to payment of dividend.
The interim dividend declared and paid by the Company during the year and until the date of the audit report is in compliance in accordance with Section 123 of the Act.
As stated in Note 16 to the standalone financial statements, the Board of Directors of the Company has proposed final dividend for the year which is subject to the approval of the members at the ensuing Annual General Meeting. The dividend declared is in accordance with Section 123 of the Act to the extent it applies to declaration of dividend.
f. Based on our examination which included test checks, the Company has used an accounting software for maintaining its books of account which has a feature of recording audit trail (edit log) facility and the same has operated throughout the year for all relevant transactions recorded in the software. Further, during the course of our audit, we did not come across any instance of audit trail feature being tampered with. Additionally, the audit trail has been preserved by the Company as per the statutory requirements for record retention.
C. With respect to the matter to be included in the Auditor’s Report under Section 197(16) of the Act:
In our opinion and according to the information and explanations given to us the remuneration paid by the Company to its directors during the current year is in accordance with the provisions of Section 197 of the Act. The remuneration paid to any director by the Company is not in excess of the limit laid down under Section 197 of the Act. The Ministry of Corporate Affairs has not prescribed other details under Section 197(16) of the Act which are required to be commented upon by us.
For B S R & Co. LLP
Chartered Accountants Firm’s Registration No. 101248W/W-100022
Swapnil Dakshindas
Partner
Place: Pune Membership No. 113896
Date: 21 April, 2026 UDIN: 26113896SSYOVN1035
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