1 Corporate information
Galada Finance Limited ('the Company'), incorporated in Chennai, India, is a Non-Systemically Important Deposit taking Non-Banking Financial
Company ('NBFC') as defined under section 45-IA of the Reserve Bank of India ('RBI') Act, 1934. The company has been debarred from taking
deposits from public and it has repaid all deposits from public, The Company is mainly engaged in the business of lending across retail, SME and
commercial customers with a significant presence in urban and rural India,
The Registered office of the company is situated at Shanti Sadan, Old No, 4, New No,7, Shaffee Mohammed Road, Thousand Lights, Chennai 600006.
These financial statements were approved for issues in the meeting of the Board of Directors held on 25-05-2024
2 Basis of preparation of financial statements
2.1 Basis of preparation and compliance with Ind AS
The Company has adopted Indian Accounting Standards ('Ind AS') notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act 2013('the Act') read with the
Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 from April 01, 2019 and the effective date of such transition is April 01, 2018, Such transition
has been carried out from the erstwhile Accounting Standards notified under the Act, read with relevant rules issued thereunder and guidelines
issued by the Reserve Bank of India ('RBI') (Collectively referred to as 'the Previous GAAP'). Accordingly, the impact of transition has been recorded in
the opening reserves as at April 01, 2018, The corresponding figures presented in these results have been prepared on the basis of the previously
published unaudited/audited results under previous GAAP for the relevant periods, duly re-stated to Ind AS.
2.2 Basis of measurement
The financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, using historical cost convention and on an accrual method of accounting,
except for financial assets, financial liabilities and defined benefit plans which have been measured at fair value, as required by relevant Ind AS,
2.3 Current and non-current classification
The Company presents assets and liabilities in the Balance Sheet based on current / non-current classification.
An asset is classified as current if it satisfies any of the following criteria:
a) It is expected to be realised or intended to be sold in the Company's normal operating cycle.
b) It is held primarily for the purpose of trading,
c) It is expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period, or
d) It is a cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for atleast twelve months afterthe reporting
period,
All other assets are classified as non-current.
A liability is classified as current if it satisfies any of the following criteria:
a) it is expected to be settled in the Company's normal operating cycle,
b) it is held primarily for the purpose of trading,
c) it is due to be settled within twelve months afterthe reporting period,
d) there is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months afterthe reporting period.
The Company classifies all other liabilities as noncurrent.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as noncurrent assets and liabilities.
2.4 Use of estimates and assumptions
In preparing these financial statements, management has made judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of the
Company's accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income, expenses and the disclosures of contingent assets and
liabilities, Actual results may differ from these estimates, Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis, Revisions to
estimates are recognised prospectively, The key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the reporting
date, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are
described below, The Company based its assumptions and estimates on parameters available when the financial statements were issued. Existing
circumstances and assumptions a bout future developments, however, may change due to market changes or circumstances a rising that a re beyond
the control of the Company, Such changes are reflected in the assumptions when they occur. Following are areas that involved a higher degree of
estimate and judgement or complexity in determining the carrying amount of some assets and liabilities.
Effective Interest Rate (EIR) Method
The Company recognizes interest income/expense using a rate of return that represents the best estimate of a constant rate of return over the
expected life of the loans given / taken. This estimation, by nature, requires an element of judgement regarding the expected behaviour and life¬
cycle of the instruments, as well as expected changes to other fee income/expense that are integral parts of the instrument.
Impairment of Financial Assets
The measurement of impairment losses on loan assets and commitments, requires judgement, in estimating the amount and timing of future cash
flowsand recoverability of collateral values while determining the impairment lossesand assessinga significant increase in credit risk.
The Company's Expected Credit Loss calculation is the output of a complex model with a number of underlying assumptions regarding the choice of
variable inputs and their interdependencies, Elements of the ECL model that are considered accounting judgements and estimates include:
-The Company's criteria for assessing if there has been a significant increase in credit risk
-The segmentation of financial assets when their ECL is assessed on a collective basis
- Development of ECL model, including the various formulae and the choice of inputs
- Selection of forward-looking macroeconomic scenarios and their probability weightings, to derive the economic inputs into the ECL model. It has
been the Company's policy to regularly review its model in the context of actual loss experience and adjust when necessary,
Provisions and other contingent liabilities
The reliable measure of the estimates and judgemets pertaining to litigations and the regulatory proceedings in the ordinary course of the
Company's business are disclosed as contingent liabilities, Estimates and judgements are continually evaluated and are based on historical
experience and otherfactors, including expectations of future events that may have a financial impact on the Company and that are believed to be
reasonable under the circumstances,
2.5 First time adoption of Ind AS :
The company has adopted Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) as notified by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs with effect from 1st April, 2019, with
a transition date of 1st April, 2018. These financial statements for the year ended 31st March, 2020 are the first financial statement the Company
has prepared under Ind AS. For all periods uptoand including the year ended 31st March, 2019, the Company prepared its financial statements in
accordance with rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 ("Previous GAAP").
The Company has prepared opening Balance Sheet as per Ind AS as of 01st April, 2018 (transition date) by recognising all assets and liabilities whose
recognition is required by Ind AS, derecognising items of assets or liabilities which are not permitted to be recognised by Ind AS, reclassifying items
from Previous GAAP to Ind AS as required and applying Ind AS to measure the recognised assets and liabilities. The optional exemption and
mandatory exceptions availed by the Company under Ind AS 101 are as follows:
(A) Deemed cost for property, plant and equipment and intangible assets -
The Company has elected to measure property, plant and equipment, and intangible assets at its Previous GAAP carrying amount and use that
Previous GAAP carrying amount as its deemed cost at the date of transition to Ind AS.
(B) Mandatory Exceptions
Use of Estimates
On assessment of the estimates made under the Previous GAAP financial statements, the Company has concluded that there is no necessary to
revise the estimates under Ind AS, as there is no objective evidence of an error in those estimates. However, estimates that are required under Ind
AS but not required under Previous GAAP are made by the Company forthe relevant reporting dates reflecting conditions existing as at that date.
2.6 Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipments are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation, Cost comprises of purchase price and other attributable
costs, if any, in bringing the assets to its working condition for its intended use,
Transition to Ind AS
On transition to Ind AS, the Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of its property, plant and equipment recognised as at 1
April 2018 measured as per the previous GAAP and use that carrying value as the deemed cost of the property, plant and equipment,
Depreciation
(i) Depreciation on Property, plant and equipment is provided for on Written down value method in the manner prescribed in Part C of Schedule II of
the Companies Act,2013 and reckoning the maximum residual value @ 5% of the original cost of the asset,
(ii) In respect of addition of assets during the year, depreciation has been provided on Pro-rata basis.
2.7 Revenue recognition
a) Recognition of interest income on loans
Interest income is recognised in Statement of profit and loss using the effective interest method for all financial instruments measured at amortised
cost,, The 'effective interest rate' is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments or receipts through the expected life of the
financial instrument, The calculation of the effective interest rate includes transaction costs and fees that are an integral part of the contract,
Transaction costs include incremental costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of financial asset. If expectations regarding the cash flows
on the financial asset are revised for reasons other than credit risk, the adjustment is recorded as a positive or negative adjustment to the carrying
amount of the asset in the balance sheet with an increase or reduction in interest income. The adjustment is subsequently amortised through
Interest income in the Statement of profit and loss. The Company calculates interest income by applying the ElR to the gross carrying amount of
financial assets other than credit impaired assets, When a financial asset becomes credit-impaired, the Company calculates interest income by
applying the effective interest rate to the net amortised cost of the financial asset, If the financial asset cures and is no longer credit impaired, the
Company reverts to calculating interest income on a gross basis, Additional interest and interest on trade advances, are recognised when they
become measurable and when it is not unreasonable to expect their ultimate collection,
b) Dividend and interest income on investments:
- Dividends are recognised in Statement of profit and loss only when the right to receive payment is established, it is probable that the economic
benefits associated with the dividend will flow to the Company and the amount of the dividend can be measured reliably,
- Interest income from investments is recognised when it is certain that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income
can be measured reliably, Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate
applicable,
2.8 Employee benefits
(i) Short-term employee benefits
Shortterm employee benefits are recognized as an expense at the undiscounted amount in the statement of profit and loss of the year in which the
related service is rendered,
(ii) Post Employment benefits
(a) Defined contribution plans
A defined contribution plan is a post-employment benefit plan under which an entity pays fixed contributions into a separate entity and will have no
legal or constructive obligation to pay further amounts, Contributions paid/payable for Provident Fund of eligible employees is recognized in the
statement of Profit and Loss each year,
{b) Defined benefit plans
A defined benefit plan is a post-employment benefit plan other than a defined contribution plan, The Company's net obligation in respect of defined
benefit plans is calculated separately for each plan by estimating the amount of future benefit that employees have earned in the current and prior
periods, discounting that amount and deducting the fair value of any plan assets,
Post employment benefits are recognized as an expense in the statement of profit and loss for the year in which the employee has rendered services,
2.9 Financial instruments
Financial instruments are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Regular way purchases
and sales of financial assets are recognised on trade-date, the date on which the Company commits to purchase or sell the asset,
(A) Financial Assets
The Company determines the classification of its financial assets at initial recognition, The classification depends on the Company's business
model for managing the financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows.
The financial assets are classified in the following measurement categories:
a) Those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through other comprehensive income, or through profit or loss), and
b) Those to be measured at amortised cost.
For assets measured at fair value, gains and losses will either be recorded in profit or loss or other comprehensive income, For investments in debt
instruments, this will depend on the business model in which the investment is held, For investments in equity instruments, this will depend on
whether the Company has made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to account for the equity investment at fair value through
other comprehensive income. At initial recognition, the Company measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset not
at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Transaction costs of
financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are expensed in profit or loss as incurred. Subsequent measurement of debt instruments
depends on the Company's business model for managing the asset and the cash flow characteristics of the asset. There are three measurement
categories into which the Company classifies its debt instruments.
(i) Amortised Cost
The Company classifies its financial assets as at amortised cost only if both of the following criteria are met:
a) The asset is held within a business model with the objective of collecting the contractual cash flows, and
b) The contractual terms give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal outstanding.
Financial assets at amortised cost include loans receivable, trade and other receivables, and other financial assets that are held with the objective of
collecting contractual cash flows. After initial measurement at fair value, the financial assets are measured at amortised cost using the effective
interest rate (EIR) method, less impairment,
Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The
EIR amortisation is included in finance income in the statement of profit or loss, The losses arising from impairment are recognised in the Statement
of Profit or Loss,
(ii) Fair value through other comprehensive income
Financial assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows and for selling the financial assets, where the asset's cash flows represent
solely payments of principal and interest, are measured at fair value through other comprehensive income, Movements in the carrying amount are
taken through other comprehensive income, except for the recognition of impairment gains or losses, and interest revenue which are recognised in
profit or loss, When the financial asset is derecognised, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in other comprehensive income is
reclassified from equity to profit or loss and recognised in other gains/(losses), Interest income from these financial assets is included in other
income using the effective interest rate method.
(iii) Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
The Company classifies the following financial assets at fair value through profit or loss:
a) Debt investments that do not qualify for measurement at amortised cost;
b) Debt investments that do not qualify for measurement at fair value through other comprehensive income; and
c) Debt investments that have been designated at fair value through profit or loss.
Derecognition of financial assets
The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the assets expire, or when it transfers the financial
asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another party,
(B) Financial Liabilities
The Company determines the classification of its financial liabilities at initial recognition.
Classification
The Company classifies all financial liabilities as subsequently measured at amortised cost, except for financial liabilities at fair value through profit or
loss,
Initial recognition and measurement
Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, Loans and borrowings, payables are
subsequently measured at amortised cost.
Derecognition of financial liabilities
A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation underthe liability is discharged or cancelled or expires,
(C) Equity investments
All equity investments in scope of Ind AS 109 are measured at fair value. For equity instruments, the company may make an irrevocable election to
present the subsequent changes in the fair value in other comprehensive income , The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable.
If the company decides to classify an equity instrument as at FVTOCI, then all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends, are
recognized in the OCI, Equity instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognized in the Profit
and Loss,
2.10 Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalent in the balance sheet comprise cash at banks, cash on hand, cheques on hand and short-term deposits with an original
maturity of three months or less, which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value, For the purpose of the statement of cash flows, cash
and cash equivalents consist of cash, cheques on hand and short-term deposits, as defined above.
2.11 Taxation
A. Current Tax
Current income tax is measured at the amount of tax expected to be payable on the taxable income for the year,
B. Deferred Tax
Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences between carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the
corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary
differences. Deferred tax assets are generally recognised for all deductible temporary differences to the extend that it is probable that taxable profits
will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilised.
Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset
realised, based on the tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantially enacted by the end of the reporting period.
Current and deferred tax is recognised in profit or loss, except to the extent that it relates to items recognised in other comprehensive income or
directly in equity, In this case, the tax is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.
2.12 Segment accounting
There is no separate reportable segment as per Ind AS 108 on 'Operating Segments' in respect of the Company.
The Company operates in single segment only. There are no operations outside India and hence there is no external revenue or assets which require
disclosure,
The Company operates mainly in Indian market and there are no reportable geographical segments,
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