Estimates and judgments are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that may have a financial impact on the company and that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.
Segment Information
As the Company has no activities other than those of an investment company, the segment reporting under Indian Accounting Standard Ind AS 108 - 'Operating Segments' is not applicable. The Company does not have any reportable geographical segment.
Provision for Income Tax and Deferred Tax Assets:
The company uses estimates and judgments based on the relevant rulings in the areas of allocation of revenue, costs, allowances and disallowances which is exercised while determining the provision for income tax, including the amount expected to be paid / recovered for uncertain tax positions. A deferred tax asset is recognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences and tax losses can be utilized. Accordingly, the company exercises its judgment to reassess the carrying amount of deferred tax assets at the end of each reporting period.
Revenue Recognition
Recognition of Interest Income on Loans
Interest Income Is Recognized In Statement Of Profit And Loss Using The Effective Interest Method For All Financial Instruments Measured At Amortized Cost, Debt Instrument S Measured At FVOCI And Debt Instruments Designated At FV TPL. The 'Effective Interest Rate' Is the Rate That Exactly Discounts estimated Future cash payments or receipts Through the Expected Life of the Financial Instrument.
The Calculation Of The Effective Interest Rate Includes Transaction Costs And Fees That Are An Integral Part Of The Contract. Transaction Costs Include Incremental Costs That Are Directly Attributable To The Acquisition Of Financial Asset.
If Expectations Regarding The Cash Flows On the Financial Asset Are Revised For Reasons Other Than Credit Risk, The Adjustment is Recorded as A Positive Or Negative Adjustment to the Carrying Amount Of The Asset In the Balance Sheet With An Increase Or Reduction In Interest Income. The Adjustment Is Subsequently Amortized Through Interest Income In The Statement Of Profit And Loss. The Company Calculates Interest Income By applying The EIR To The Gross Carrying Amount Of Financial Assets Other Than Credit-Impaired Assets.
When A Financial Asset Becomes Credit-Impaired, The Company Calculates Interest Income By Applying The Effective Interest Rate To The Net Amortized Cost Of The Financial Asset. If The Financial Asset Cures And Is No Longer Credit-Impaired, The Company Reverts To Calculating Interest Income On A Gross Basis.
Additional Interest and Interest on Trade Advances are Recognized When They Become Measurable and When It Is Not Unreasonable to Expect Their Ultimate Collection.
Fee and Commission Income:
Fee Based Income Are Recognized When They Become Measurable And When It Is Probable To Expect Their Ultimate Collection. Commission And Brokerage Income Earned for the Services rendered are Recognized As and When They Are Due.
Dividend and Interest Income on Investments:
Dividends Are Recognized In Statement Of Profit And Loss Only When The Right To Receive Payment Is Established, It Is Probable That The Economic Benefits Associated With The Dividend Will Flow To The Company And The Amount Of The Dividend Can Be Measured Reliably.
Interest income from Investments is Recognized When It Is Certain That the Economic Benefits Will Flow to the Company and the Amount of Income Can Be measured reliably. Interest Income Is Accrued On A Time Basis, By Reference To The Principal Outstanding And At The Effective Interest Rate Applicable.
2.4 Financial Instruments:
A) Recognition and Initial Measurement
Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities are Recognized When the Company Becomes a Party to the Contractual Provisions of the Instruments.
Financial Assets And Financial Liabilities Are Initially Measured At Fair Value. Transaction
- Amortized Cost;
- FVOCI - Debt Instruments;
- FVOCI - Equity Instruments;
- FVTPL
Amortized Cost -
The Company's Business Model is not assessed on an Instrument-By-Instrument Basis, But at a Higher Level of Aggregated Portfolios Being the Level at Which They Are Managed. The Financial Asset Is Held With The Objective To Hold Financial Asset In Order To Collect Contractual Cash Flows As Per The Contractual Terms That Give Rise On Specified Dates To Cash Flows That Are Solely Payment Of Principal And Interest (SPPI) On The Principal Amount Outstanding. Accordingly, the Company measures Bank Balances, Loans, Trade Receivables and Other Financial Instruments at Amortized Cost.
FVOCI - Debt Instruments -
The Company Measures Its Debt Instruments At FVOCI When The Instrument Is Held Within A Business Model, The Objective Of Which Is Achieved By Both Collecting Contractual Cash Flows And Selling Financial Assets; And The Contractual Terms Of The Financial Asset Meet The SPPI Test.
'Financial Assets are not reclassified Subsequent To Their Initial Recognition, Except If and In the Period the Company Changes Its Business Model for Managing Financial Assets.
All Financial Assets Not Classified As Measured At Amortized Cost Or FVOCI Are Measured At FVTPL. This Includes All Derivatives Financial Assets.
Subsequent Measurement of Financial Assets
Financial Assets at Amortized Cost Are Subsequently measured at amortized cost using effective Interest Method. The Amortized Cost Is reduced By Impairment Losses. Interest Income, Foreign Exchange Gains And Losses And Impairment Are Recognized In Statement Of Profit And Loss. Any Gain and Loss on Derecognition Is Recognized In Statement of Profit And Loss.
DEBT Investments FVOCI are subsequently measured at Fair Value. Interest Income under Effective Interest Method and Impairment are recognized In Statement of Profit And Loss. Other Net Gains And Losses Are Recognized In OCI. On Derecognition, Gains And Losses Accumulated In OCI Are Reclassified To Statement Of Profit And Loss.
For Equity Investments, The Company Makes An selection On An Instrument-By-Instrument Basis To Designate Equity Investments As Measured At FVOCI.
These Elected Investments Are Measured At Fair Value With Gains And Losses Arising From Changes In Fair Value Recognized In Other Comprehensive Income And Accumulated In The Reserves. The Cumulative Gain or Loss is reclassified to Statement of Profit And Loss on Disposal of the Investments. These Investments in Equity Are Held For Trading, Instead of Held For Strategic Purpose. Dividend Income Received On Such Equity Investments Are Recognized In Statement Of Profit And Loss.
Equity Investments That Are Not Designated as Measured at FVOCI is Designated as Measured at FVTPL and Subsequent Changes in Fair Value Are Recognized in Statement of Profit And Loss.
Financial Assets at FVTPL are Subsequently Measured at Fair Value. Net Gains and Losses, Including Any Interest or Dividend Income, are recognized in Statement of Profit And Loss.
Classification as Debt or Equity -
Debt And Equity Instruments Issued By The Company are Classified As Either Financial Equity Instruments -
An Equity Instrument Is Any Contract That Evidences a Residual Interest In The Assets Of An Entity after Deducting All Of Its Liabilities. Equity Instruments Issued By Company Are Recognized At The Proceeds Received. Transaction Costs Of An Equity Transaction Are Recognized As A Deduction From Equity.
Financial Liabilities -
Financial Liabilities Are Classified As Measured At Amortized Cost Or FVTPL. A Financial Liability Is Classified As At FVTPL.
De-Recognition Financial Assets
The Company Derecognizes A Financial Asset When The Contractual Rights To The Cash Flows From The Financial Asset Expire, Or It Transfers The Rights To Receive The Contractual Cash Flows In A Transaction In Which Substantially All Of The Risks And Rewards Of Ownership Of The Financial Asset Are Transferred Or In Which The Company Neither Transfers Nor Retains Substantially All Of The Risks And Rewards Of Ownership And Does Not Retain Control Of The Financial Asset.
If The Company Enters Into Transactions Whereby It Transfers Assets Recognized On Its Balance Sheet, But Retains Either All Or Substantially All Of The Risks And Rewards Of The Transferred Assets, The Transferred Assets Are Not Derecognized.
Financial Liabilities
A Financial Liability Is Derecognized When The Obligation In Respect Of The Liability Is Discharged, Cancelled Or Expires. The Difference Between The Carrying Value Of The Financial Liability And The Consideration Paid Is Recognized In Statement Of Profit And Loss.
Offsetting
Financial Assets And Financial Liabilities Are Offset And The Net Amount Presented In The Balance Sheet When, And Only When, The Company Currently Has A Legally Enforceable Right To Set Off The Amounts And It Intends Either To Settle them On a net Basis or to realize the assets And settle the liability Simultaneously.
The Company has not entered into Derivative Financial Instruments, Primarily Forward Contracts, Options, Currency Derivatives and Swaps. Derivatives embedded In Non - derivative Host contracts are treated as Separate Derivatives When Their Risks and Characteristics Are Not closely related to those of the Host Contracts and the Host Contracts Are Not Measured at FVTPL.
Derivatives Are Initially Recognized At Fair Value At The Date The Contracts Are Entered Into And Are Subsequently Premeasured to Their Fair Value At The End Of Each Reporting Period. The Resulting Gain/ Loss Is Recognized In Statement Of Profit And Loss.
H) Impairment of Financial Instruments
Equity Instruments Are Not Subject To Impairment Under Ind AS 109.
The Company Recognizes Lifetime Expected Credit Losses (ECL) When There Has Been A Significant Increase In Credit Risk Since Initial Recognition And When The Financial Instrument Is Credit Impaired. If The Credit Risk On The Financial Instrument Has Not Increased Significantly Since Initial Recognition, The Company Measures The Loss Allowance For That Financial Instrument At An Amount Equal To 12 Month ECL.
The Assessment Of Whether Lifetime ECL Should Be Recognized Is Based On Significant Increases In The Likelihood Or Risk Of A Default Occurring Since Initial Recognition. 12 Month ECL Represents The Portion Of Lifetime ECL That Is Expected To Result From Default Events On A Financial Instrument That Are Possible Within 12 Months After the Reporting Date.
Management Overlay Is used to adjust the ECL Allowance in Circumstances Where Management Judges That the Existing Inputs, Assumptions and Model Techniques Do Not Capture All the Risk Factors relevant to the company's lending Portfolios. Emerging Local or Global Macroeconomic, Micro Economic or Political Events, And Natural Disasters that are not incorporated into The Current Parameters, Risk Ratings, and or Forward Looking Information Are Examples of Such Circumstances. The Use Of Management Overlay May Impact The Amount Of ECL Recognized.
The Company Recognizes Lifetime ECL For Trade, Lease And Other Receivables. The Expected Credit Losses On These Financial Assets Are Estimated Using A Provision Matrix Based On The Company's Historical Credit Loss Experience, Adjusted For Factors That Are Specific to The Debt Or S, General Economic Conditions And An Assessment of Both The Current As Well As The Forecast
Direction Of Conditions At The Reporting Date, Including Time Value Of Money Where Appropriate. Lifetime ECL Represents the Expected Credit Losses That Will Result From All Possible Default Events over the Expected Life of a Financial Instrument.
Loss Allowances For Financial Assets Measured At Amortized Cost Are Deducted From the Gross Carrying Amount Of The Assets. For Debt Securities at FVOCI, The Loss Allowance Is recognized In OCI and Carrying Amount of the Financial Asset Is Not Reduced in the Balance Sheet.
Collateral Repossessed
Based on Operational Requirements, The Company's Policy Is to Determine Whether a Repossessed Asset Can Be Best Used for Its Internal Operations or Should Be Sold. Assets Determined to Be Useful for the Internal Operations are transferred to Their Relevant Asset Category for Capitalization at Their Fair Market Value.
In The Normal Course Of Business, The Company Does Not Physically Repossess Assets/Properties In Its Loan Portfolio, But Engages External Agents To Repossess And Recover Funds, To Settle Outstanding Debt. Any Surplus Funds are returned To the Customers/ Obligors. Financial Assets held as collaterals are shown as Current Assets as well as current liabilities.
Write-Offs
The Gross Carrying Amount of A Financial Asset Is Written of when there Is No Realistic Prospect Of Further Recovery. This Is Generally The Case When The Company Determines that The Debtor/Borrower Does Not Have Assets Or Sources Of Income that Could Generate Sufficient Cash Flows To Repay the Amounts Subject To The Write- Off. However, Financial Assets that are written off Could Still Be subject To Enforcement Activities under the Company's Recovery Procedures, Taking Into account Legal Advice Where Appropriate. Any Recoveries Made From Written Off Assets Are Netted Off Against The Amount Of Financial Assets Writ Ten Off During The Year Under Bad Debts And Write Offs Forming Part Of Impairment On Financial Instruments In Statement Of Profit And Loss.
2.5 Finance Cost
Finance Costs Include Interest Expense computed By Applying the Effective Interest Rate on Respective Financial Instruments Measured at Amortized Cost. Financial Instruments Include Bank/ FI Borrowings, Broker facilities to The Extent they Are Regarded As an Adjustment to the Interest Cost. Finance Costs Are Charged to the Statement Of Profit And Loss.
2.6 Taxation - Current and Deferred Tax:
Income tax expenses Comprises of Current Tax and Deferred Tax. It Is Recognized In Statement Of Profit And Loss Except To The Extent That It Relates to An Item Recognized Directly In Equity Or In Other Comprehensive Income.
A) Current Tax:
Current Tax Comprises Amount Of Tax Payable In Respect Of The Taxable Income Or Loss For The Year Determined in Accordance With Income Tax Act, 1961 and Any Adjustment To The Tax Payable Or Receivable In Respect Of Previous Years.
The Company's Current Tax is Calculated Using Tax Rates That Have Been Enacted or Substantively Enacted by the End of the Reporting Period. Significant Judgments Are Involved In Determining The Provision For Income Taxes Including Judgment On Whether Tax Positions Are Probable Of Being Sustained In Tax Assessments. A Tax Assessment Can Involve Complex Issues, Which can only be resolved over extended Time Periods.
B) Deferred Tax:
Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities Are Recognized for the Future tax consequences of temporary Differences between the Carrying Values of Assets and Liabilities and their respective tax Bases. Deferred Tax Liabilities And Assets Are Measured At The Tax Rates That Are Expected To Apply In The Period In Which The Liability Is Settled Or The Asset Realized, Based On Tax Rates (And Tax Laws) That Have Been Enacted Or Substantively Enacted By The End Of The Reporting Period. The Measurement Of Deferred Tax Liabilities And Assets Reflects The Tax Consequence That Would Follow From The Manner In Which The Company Expects, At The End Of The Reporting Period, To Recover Or Settle The Carrying Amount Of Its Assets And Liabilities.
Deferred Tax Assets Are Recognized To The extent that it is possible that Future Taxable Income Will Be Available against Which the Deductible Temporary Difference Could Be Utilized. Such Deferred Tax Assets And Liabilities Are Not Recognized If The Temporary Difference Arises From The Initial Recognition Of Assets And Liabilities In A Transaction That Affects Neither The Taxable Profit Nor The Accounting Profit. The Carrying Amount Of Deferred Tax Assets Is Reviewed At The End Of Each Reporting Period And Reduced To The Extent That It Is No Longer Probable That Sufficient Taxable Profits Will Be Available To Allow All Or Part of The Asset to be Recovered.
Employee Welfare Fund
The Company has created Employee Welfare Fund of Rs. 2300/- during the Financial year 2023-24 (Previous year Rs.232915/-) for the Benefits of Employees to support families of deceased employees, Top up option under Group Mediclaim schemes, economic assistance to affected employees, etc.
2.7 Provisions:
Provisions Are Recognized When There Is A Present Obligation As A Result Of A Past Event, And It Is Probable that An Outflow Of Resources Embodying Economic Benefits Will Be required to Set off the Obligation and There is a Reliable Estimate Of the Amount Of The Obligation. Provisions Are Reviewed At Each Balance Sheet Date And Adjusted To Reflect The Current Best Estimate.
The Amount Recognized As A Provision Is the best estimate of the Consideration Required to Set off The Present Obligation At The End Of The Reporting Period, Taking Into Account The Risks And Uncertainties Surrounding The Obligation. Provisions Are Determined By Discounting The Expected Future Cash Flows At A Pre-Tax Rate That Reflects Current Market Assessments Of The Time Value Of Money And The Risks Specific To The Liability.
When There Is A Possible Obligation Or A Present Obligation In Respect Of Which The Likelihood Of Out Flow Of Resources Is Remote, No Provision Or Disclosure Is Made.
2.8 Cash and Cash Equivalents:
Cash And Cash Equivalents In The Balance Sheet Comprise Cash On Hand, Cheques And Drafts On Hand, Balance With Banks In Current Accounts And Short-Term Deposits With An Original Maturity Of Three Months Or Less, Which Are Subject To An Insignificant Risk Of Change In Value.
2.9 Earnings per Share:
Basic Earnings Per Share is Calculated By Dividing The Net Profit Or Loss For The Period Attributable To Equity Shareholders By The Weighted Average Number Of Equity Shares Outstanding During The Period. Earnings Considered In Ascertaining The Company's Earnings Per Share Is The Net Profit For The Period After Deducting Preference Dividends And Any Attributable Tax Thereto For The Period. The Weighted Average Number Of Equity Shares Outstanding During The Period And For All Periods Presented Is Adjusted For Events, Such As Bonus Shares, Sub - Division Of Shares Etc. That Have Changed The Number Of Equity Shares Outstanding, Without A Corresponding Change In Resources. For The Purpose Of Calculating Diluted Earnings Per Share, The Net Profit Or Loss For The Period At Attributable To Equity Shareholders Is Divided By The Weighted Average Number Of Equity Shares Outstanding During The Period, Considered For Deriving Basic Earnings Per Share And Weighted average Number of equity Shares that could have Been Issued Upon Conversion Of All Dilutive Potential Equity Shares.
B. Financial Risk Management B.i. Risk management framework
A wide range of risks may affect the Company's business and operational or financial performance. The risks that could have significant influence on the Company are market risk, credit risk and liquidity risk. The Company's Board of Directors reviews and sets out policies for managing these risks and monitors suitable actions taken by management to minimise potential adverse effects of such risks on the company's operational and financial performance.
B.ii. Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Company if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations, and arises principally from the Company's trade and other receivables, cash and cash equivalents and other bank balances. To manage this, the Company periodically assesses financial reliability of customers, taking into account the financial condition, current economic trends and analysis of historical bad debts and ageing of accounts receivable. The maximum exposure to credit risk in case of all the financial instruments covered below is restricted to their respective carrying amount.
(a) Trade and other receivables from customers
Credit risk in respect of trade and other receivables is managed through credit approvals, establishing credit limits and monitoring the creditworthiness of customers to which the Company grants credit terms in the normal course of business.
The Company considers the probability of default upon initial recognition of asset and whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk on an on-going basis through each reporting period. To assess whether there is a significant increase in credit risk the Company compares the risk of default occurring on assets as at the reporting date with the risk of default as at the date of initial recognition. It considers reasonable and supportive forwarding-looking information such as:
i) Actual or expected significant adverse changes in business
ii) Actual or expected significant changes in the operating results of the counterparty
iii) Financial or economic conditions that are expected to cause a significant change to the counterparties ability to meet its obligation
iv) Significant changes in the value of the collateral supporting the obligation or in the quality of third party guarantees or credit enhancements.
Financial assets are written off when there is a no reasonable expectations of recovery, such as a debtor failing to engage in a repayment plan with the Company. When loans or receivables have been written off, the Company continues to engage in enforcement activity to attempt to recover the receivable due, When recoverable are made, these are recognised as income in the statement of profit and loss.
The Company measures the expected credit loss of trade receivables and loan from individual customers based on historical trend, industry practices and the business environment in which the entity operates. Loss rates are based on actual credit loss experience and past trends. Based on the historical data, loss on collection of receivable is not material hence no additional provision considered.
Financial Assets are considered to be of good quality and there is no significant increase in credit risk
(b) Cash and cash equivalents and Other Bank Balances
The Company held cash and cash equivalents and other bank balances as stated in Financial statements. The cash and cash equivalents are held with bank with good credit ratings and financial institution counterparties with good market standing.
B.iii. Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will encounter difficulty in meeting the obligations associated with its financial liabilities that are settled by delivering cash or another financial asset.
Liquidity risk is managed by Company through effective fund management of the Company's short, medium and long-term funding and liquidity management requirements. The Company manages liquidity risk by maintaining adequate reserves, banking facilities and other borrowing facilities, by continuously monitoring forecast and actual cash flows, and by matching the maturity profiles of financial assets and liabilities.
B.iv. Market risk
Market Risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market prices. Market risk comprises three types of risk: currency risk, interest rate risk and other price risk.
B.iv.a Currency risk
The Company is not exposed to any currency risk on account of its operating and financing activities. The functional currency of the Company is Indian Rupee. Our exposure are mainly denominated in INR's Only. The Company's business model incorporates assumptions on currency risks and ensures any exposure is covered through the normal business operations. This intent has been achieved in all years presented. The Company has put in place a Financial Risk Management Policy to Identify the most effective and efficient ways of managing the currency risks.
B.iv.b Interest rate risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. The Company is exposed to interest rate risk through the impact of rate changes on interest-bearing liabilities and assets. The Company manages its interest rate risk by monitoring the movements in the market interest rates closely.
Note 30.1 - Disclosures required by regulation 34(3) of the SEBI (Listing Obligations and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2015
No Transactions made during Financial Year which requires disclosures under the said regulation.
31 Balances of Trade Receivables, Trade Payables and Loans and Advances are subject to confirmation and consequential adjustment, if any.
32 Applicable provisions for NBFC covered under IndAS :
RBI under this circular provide that NBFCs which are required to comply with Indian Accounting Standards (IndAS) shall, as hitherto, continue to be guided by the guidelines duly approved by their boards and as per ICAI advisories for recognition of the impairments.
33 Capital Management
2. The Company is subject to the capital adequacy requirements of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). Under RBI's capital adequacy guidelines, the Company is required to maintain a capital adequacy ratio consisting of Tier I and Tier II Capital. The total of Tier II Capital at any point of time, shall not exceed 100 percent of Tier I Capital. The minimum capital ratio as prescribed by RBI guidelines and applicable to the Company, consisting of Tier I and Tier II capital, shall not be less than 15 percent of its aggregate risk weighted assets on-balance sheet and of risk adjusted value of off-balance sheet. The Company has complied with all regulatory requirements related capital and capital adequacy ratios as prescribed by RBI.
38 The Company has taken inter-corporate deposits from certain companies and entered into Purchase/ Sale of Securities with same companies during the year ended March 31, 2024. The Company does not have any influence on the directors and/ or its operations of the said companies hence has not considered these as related party transactions in compliance with the Board approved policy on Related Party Transactions. However, in view of the Auditors remark, Audit Committee at its meeting held on May 27, 2024 has out of abundant caution and in compliance with the highest standards of corporate governance considered and ratified the transactions. In Audit Committee inter-alia considered the same and is of the opinion that these transactions are per-se independent in nature and therefore in compliance with the applicable regulatory framework.
The above financial results of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards ('Ind AS') notified under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 as amended by the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2016 and accordingly, these financial results together with the results for the comparative reporting period have been prepared in accordance with the recognition and measurement principles laid down in Indian Accounting Standard 34 “Interim Financial Reporting" (“Ind AS 34"), prescribed under Section 133 of the the Companies Act, 2013 ("the Act"), and other recognized accounting practices generally accepted in India and in compliance with Regulation 33 and Regulation 52 read with Regulation 63 (2) of the SEBI (Listing Obligations and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2015, as amended (the “Listing Regulations"). Any application guidance/ clarifications/ directions issued by the Reserve Bank of India or other regulators are implemented as and when they are issued/ applicable.
39 Previous period/ year figures have been regrouped and reclassified wherever necessary to conform to current period's presentation. This
For and on behalf of the Board of Directors
For Harish Arora & Associates FRNo. 015226C Chartered Accountants
Sd/- Sd/- Sd/-
Dipti Yelve Bipin Varma
Harish Arora Independent Director Director
Partner DIN : 07148169 DIN : 05353685
Membership No. 407420
Place : Mumbai
Date : 27-05-2024 Sd/- Sd/-
Palak Jain Mithlesh Jaiswal
Company Secretary CFO
(PAN:ARQPJ7853H) (PAN: ACOPJ5801E)
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